Mohamed Ragab Abdelgawwad Ibrahim

International University of Sarajevo · Genetics and Bioengineering

Drought is a significant contributor, lowering crop production in arid to semi-arid areas. Rhizosphere bacteria play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and providing eco-friendly and efficient ways to ameliorate drought. Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are key in enhancing drought tolerance by soil aggregatio...

Background This study was exclusively focused on the documentation and cross-cultural evaluation of ethnomedicinal knowledge (EMK) within the diverse linguistic groups of Kohistan situated between the Himalayan and Hindukush Mountain ranges in the north Pakistan. Methods Data were gathered during the field survey (May 2022 to July 2023) through gr...

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary material found in every living organism. However, every organism is exposed to endogenous and exogenous an agent which causes damage to DNA molecules. Even though genetic variation is important for evolution, every organism requires genetic stability for survival. Not only it is needed for DNA to repl...

Herein, we have investigated and compared biocompatible calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO-NPs) with different surface chemistries for biological properties. In the study, green synthesis is achieved using an aqueous extract of Potentilla bifurca while chemical synthesized polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-coated CaO...

17 β‐Estradiol is produced by animals, and humans and excreted through excreta, and has endocrine‐disrupting activity. Bacterial degradation is one of the suitable methods used for the removal of 17 β‐estradiol (E2) from the natural environment. In this study, E2‐degrading bacteria were screened from the enriched sediment sample from the wastewater...

Background: Although evidence regarding pituitary tumor-transforming 3, pseudogene (PTTG3P) involvement in human cancers has been acquired via human and animal model-based molecular studies, there is a lack of pan-cancer analysis of this gene in human tumors. Methods: Tumor-causing effects of PTTG3P in 24 human tumors were explored using The Cancer...

Background: Although evidence regarding pituitary tumor-transforming 3, pseudogene (PTTG3P) involvement in human cancers has been acquired via human and animal model-based molecular studies, there is a lack of pan-cancer analysis of this gene in human tumors. Methods: Tumor-causing effects of PTTG3P in 24 human tumors were explored using The Can...

Objectives: Prominin 2 (PROM2) gene has been reported as a molecular biomarker of human cancers; however, its role is still controversial. This study was therefore arranged to seek the role of PROM2 in different cancers with Bioinformatics and in vitro analyses. Methods: A combination of bioinformatics and molecular experiments. Results: Throu...

Proteins carry out the majority of the biological processes of living cells. These macromolecules are almost involved in every cellular process: replication and transcription of DNA, and produce, process, and biosynthesize other proteins. They are controlling cell division, metabolism, and materials and information transportation into and out of th...

Abstract Background The occurrence of infestation by ticks on livestock is a significant challenge in several semi-tropical and tropical countries including Pakistan. Polluted environment and adapted tolerance by ticks against acaricide are the limiting factors that restrict the management of ticks globally. Methods In this study, we evaluated th...

Background: Host plants not only provide and living places and energy materials for insects, but also influence insect population parameters and population fitness. Methods: This study examined the influence of various host plant species on the fitness of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum). The biological parameters and population parameters of pea ap...

Background: The interaction of ecosystem services (ESs) has attracted great attention as land use changes at the landscape scale to synergize ecological and economic benefits, while the influence of landscape structure on the interaction of ESs has received less investigation. Methods: We proposed an integrated framework to analyze the influence of...

The study aimed to synthesize zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) using an aqueous extract derived from Acacia modesta Wall. leaves. Several characterization techniques were employed to confirm the successful formation of zinc nanoparticles. UV-visible spectrophotometry indicated a peak at 374 nm, validating the bioreduction process. Scanning electron micr...

The objective of this study is to valorize two waste products which, until now, caused major problems concerning their management and impacts on the environment and health. This study concerns the sludge of the wastewater treatment station of the city of Fez-Morocco and the olive mill wastewater, which are produced, respectively, in quantities of a...

In recent years, nanotechnology has become one of the emerging fields of nanoparticle synthesis using biological processes. The use of mushroom extract is one of the most important methods for biological synthesis due to the presence of abundant biologically active compounds. In this study, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using...

Herbal medicines or natural products and plant extract may exhibit promising alternatives or supplements for chemotherapy and antibiotic therapy. The aim of the study is to evaluate the therapeutic value and phytoconstituents of the whole plant, Nepeta distans. The methanol extract contains four known compounds, namely, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid...

An effective biosurfactant producer and extremophiles bacteria, Bacillus cereus KH1, was isolated from textile effluent and the biosurfactant was produced using molasses as the sole carbon source. Growth parameters such as pH, temperature, salinity and concentration of molasses were optimised for decolourising the textile effluent with 24-h incubat...

Bauxite wastewater creates soil contamination and produces toxic effects on human health such as respiratory and skin rash problems. In this study, we investigated the phytoremediation ability of Jatropha curcas to remove bauxite wastewater from soil. Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the bauxite wastewater on the phytoremediation poten...

Biological removal of dyes has been advocated due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and low operational requirements in comparison to physicochemical methods of treating dye effluents. This paper aims to compare the efficiency of biological removal of dyes using bacteria, algae, and fungi, including yeasts, besides presenting the recent advanc...

Background In this study, a synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) was performed using Wattakaka volubilis leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. The plant leaf extract contains various secondary metabolites, other nutritional and medicinal products. Methods The prepared ZnONPs were characterized using Ultra Violet-visible Spectrosc...

This article reports on a new rout to synthesize of copper nanoparticles with aqueous extracts from Couroupita guianensis Aubl. This is an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and time-saving method of producing nanoparticles. The aqueous extracts of petals, stems, bark, and leaves were used to synthesize the nanoparticles. Plant extracts induce...

Medicinal plants are widely used to treat various ailments and Acorus calamus L. is one of the medicinal plants has ethnomedicinal significance. The rhizome of A. calamus was used for the extraction of phytochemicals using various solvent. The methanol extract showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tan-nins, steroids, sap...

Fenugreek seeds were germinated, soaked and roasted and were evaluated for nutritional properties. Raw and processed fenugreek seeds were used to develop snack product. Snacks were examined for the sensorial, functional, antinutritional properties and in vitro digestibility. Using sensory analysis, 5% level of substitution of raw and processed fenu...

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritive value. It is cultivated under a range of soil and climatic conditions; however, late sowing adversely affects its productivity and yield due to shorter growth period. Inorganic and organic phy...

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritive value. It is cultivated under a range of soil and climatic conditions; however, late sowing adversely affects its productivity and yield due to shorter growth period. Inorganic and organic phy...

Fenugreek seeds were germinated, soaked and roasted and were evaluated for nutritional properties. Raw and processed fenugreek seeds were used to develop snack product. Snacks were examined for the sensorial, functional, antinutritional properties and in vitro digestibility. Using sensory analysis, 5% level of substitution of raw and processed fenu...

Background Trachyspermum ammi (commonly known as Ajwain), a medicinal plant of the Apiaceae family is scientifically acknowledged to harbor potential bioactive compounds for the treatment of gastrointestinal issues, loss of appetite, bronchial difficulties, cough, inflammation, diarrhoea, headache, hypertension, stomach discomfort, bronchitis and i...

Background Lichens were used as an ailment in the traditional medicine for treating various disorders for centuries. Since there is less evidence in the literature about the medicinal property of Parmelia sulcata (P. sulcata), we made a pioneer attempt to explore the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of lichens. Methods In the present study...

Background The unrestricted application of antibiotics increased antimicrobial resistance in bacteria through horizontal gene transfer of resistant genes from the pathogenic sources and the evolution of multi-drug resistance organisms. The application of antibiotics caused severe risk to human health because animals may transmit diseases to humans....

Background In this work biologically active CuO nanoparticle were discussed. The literature suggests that CuO shows very good antibacterial activity on both Gram positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Further, it is used in antibacterial coatings on various substrates to prevent various kinds of medical equipment’s. Here CuO NPs was prepared...

This study analysed heavy metals from little egret (Egretta garzetta). Egret’s Eggs, egg shells, food (fish and insects), blood, meat samples (thigh, liver, and chest), water, soil and sediments samples were collected from the two selected sites of the study area. Samples were analysed on flame atomic absorption spectrometer after acid digestion. D...

Azo dyes, known for its toxicity and mutagenicity, are used by textile industries. Bioremediation serves the best alternative treatment process due to its eco-friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. Degradation using individual bacteria promotes azo dye removal, while the degradation is enhanced using the immobilization method. Bio-carrier promotes...

Flowering time is a life history trait of adaptiveness. Over many generations, phenotypes happen to emerge as mutations or spontaneous damage accumulates in the plastome. Thus, it is of great importance to investigate DNA repair mechanism roles of some proteins. Specifically, this study aims to determine potential targets that are part of base exci...

The adsorption behavior of biomaterial activated Sawdust-Chitosan nanocomposite beads (SDNCB) powder was investigated along with synthesis and experimental techniques approaches to study the removal efficiency of some heavy metal ions including Ni (II) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous solutions by assessing the surface-modified activated carbon by the...

Salt stress is a major threat for growth and development of wheat crop. Screening technique for salinity tolerance is an effective tool to identify tolerant cultivar and high yielding wheat genotypes. Present study was carried out to screen twenty wheat genotypes under laboratory terms utilizing various growth and physiological indices like plant f...

This study was aimed to determine total phytochemical components as well as in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and wound healing attributes of Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. leaves extract. Among different solvent extracts tested, methanolic extract revealed maximum alkaloid, flavonoids, phenolic, and tannin content...

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and AuNPs functionalized by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD/AuNPs) were prepared successfully through chemical reduction method. The structural, morphological, optical, compositional and vibrational studies for the AuNPs and β-CD/AuNPs were carried out. Functionalization of AuNPs by β-CD was confirmed with FT-IR results. The UV-visi...

The coloured dyes released from the textile industrial effluents into water resources cause non-aesthetic pollution and aquatic life toxicity. And waste water treatment has been studied globally for many years. Photocatalytic properties of lead tungstate (PbWO4) nanoparticles (NPs) were analyzed for thiazine dyes and textile waste water under ultra...

DNA molecule is found in every cell in a living organism and function as an instruction manual for growth, development, as well as any other processes that happen. As the cell divide, it needs to copy its DNA. During the copying, an error can occur, which can lead to a disease. However, there are different error repair mechanisms that are searching...

Salt stress is a major threat for growth and development of wheat crop. Screening technique for salinity tolerance is an effective tool to identify tolerant cultivar and high yielding wheat genotypes. Present study was carried out to screen twenty wheat genotypes under laboratory terms utilizing various growth and physiological indices like plant f...

Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes two POLE2 homologs known as polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A (POLE2A) and polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit B (POLE2B). They play a very important role in DNA repair mechanisms. In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to understand DNA repair mechanisms in A. thaliana in which POLE2A and POLE2B pro...

Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes two POLE2 homologs known as polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A (POLE2A) and polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit B (POLE2B). They play a very important role in DNA repair mechanisms. In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to understand DNA repair mechanisms in A. thaliana in which POLE2A and POLE2B pro...

Background The interaction of specially designed nanoparticles with proteins is the basis of formation of a nanoparticle-protein corona. Silver nanoparticles and molecules have been used in many fields due to their strong antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast and fungi. E. coli is a Gram-negative bacteria...

The UV irradiation is a major DNA damaging factor in plants. Arabidopsis thaliana uses various repair pathways for these kinds of DNA lesions. One of them is the nucleotide excision repair pathway. The AtCUL4, ERCC1/UVR7 and CHR8 are vital proteins for nucleotide excision pathway and mutations in these proteins cause flaws in the repair mechanism....

The UV irradiation is a major DNA damaging factor in plants. Arabidopsis thaliana uses various repair pathways for these kinds of DNA lesions. One of them is the nucleotide excision repair pathway. The AtCUL4, ERCC1/UVR7 and CHR8 are vital proteins for nucleotide excision pathway and mutations in these proteins cause flaws in the repair mechanism....

There are seven homologs in eukaryotic RAD51 gene family which are conserved among animals and plants, and those are RAD51, DMC1, RAD51c, XRCC3, RAD51b, RAD51d and XRCC2. The first four of them are important in the process of homologous recombination, but also the DNA repair mechanism, while the other three show normal meiosis. RAD51, DMC1, RAD51c...

Medicinal plants are wealthy resource of antimicrobial agents. In various parts of this world plants are used as medicinal purpose and considered effective resource of medicines. Present study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of Solanum villosum. Flowers, seeds, berries and fresh leaves were collected for aforesaid activity. Ag...

In a pharmacological screening methanol, ethanol and chloroform extracts ofDipcadiviride (L.) Moench were assayed for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The microbes included different animal and plant pathogens, food poisoning bacteria and fungi which are being resistant from antibiotics. Disc diffusion and agar tube dilution method was used...

Due to their sedentary lifestyle, plants are constantly exposed to different stress stimuli. Stress comes in variety of forms where factors like radiation, free radicals, “replication errors, polymerase slippage”, and chemical mutagens result in genotoxic or cytotoxic damage. In order to face “the base oxidation or DNA replication stress”, plants h...

Plant malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isoforms are found in different cell compartments and function in key metabolic pathways. It is well known that the chloroplastic NADP-dependent MDH activities are strictly redox regulated and controlled by light. However, redox dependence of other NAD-dependent MDH isoforms have been less studied. Here, we show by...

UV radiation is one of major causes of DNA damage. In order to fight it, plants have evolved a complex DNA repair machinery. Cockayne Syndrome A (CSA) is one of the proteins involved in DNA repair. Two homologues of CSA participate in DNA repair of Arabidopsis thaliana; namely AtCSA1A and AtCSA1B. This study explores 3D structures of these homologu...

As sessile organisms, plants are constantly exposed to environmental stress, unlike other organisms which are able to move and change their environment. Mutagenic UVB radiation is a major cause of DNA damage. In order to fight it, organisms, including plants, have developed DNA repair mechanisms. Dark DNA repair mechanism includes DNA damage bingin...

Arabidopsis thaliana has two homologs of the corresponding human xeroderma pigmento-sum group B (XPB) helicase protein. The proteins namely AtXPB1 and AtXPB2, which are 95% similar, participate in transcription and Nucleotide Excision Repair. We used bioinformatic tools to investigate the phylogeny, structure, domains, docking site, and interactome...

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is a protein known for its function in DNA replication in all eukaryotic cells. PCNA also has a role in DNA repair when exterior factors, like mutagenic UV-B radiation of sunlight, free radicals, ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, etc., result in damage to DNA either genetoxically or cytotoxically. PCN...

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is a protein known for its function in DNA replication in all eukaryotic cells. PCNA also has a role in DNA repair when exterior factors, like mutagenic UV-B radiation of sunlight, free radicals, ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, etc., result in damage to DNA either genetoxically or cytotoxically. PCN...

Exposure to UV radiation is a major cause of DNA damage in plants. One of the proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair, as part of a complex that recognizes DNA damage with AtXPC, is RAD23, also involved in Ub/proteasomal degradation pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana has 4 homologues of RAD23, whose 3D structure has been predicted and validated...

Exposure to UV radiation is a major cause of DNA damage in plants. One of the proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair, as part of a complex that recognizes DNA damage with AtXPC, is RAD23, also involved in Ub/proteasomal degradation pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana has 4 homologues of RAD23, whose 3D structure has been predicted and validated...

Histone acetylation is an important posttranslational modification correlated with gene activation. In Arabidopsis thaliana the histone acetyltransferase (HAC) proteins of the CBP family are homologous to animal p300/CREB (cAMP-responsive element-binding proteins, which are important histone acetyltransferases participating in many physiological pr...

Microtubules are essential components of cytoskeleton, rigid hollow rods approximately 25 nm in diameter. Microtubules are dynamic structures being continuously assembled and disassembled within the cell. The basic building blocks of microtubules are heterodimers of globular α- and β-tubulin subunits In Arabidopsis thaliana tubulin subunits are enc...

In recent years, the development and use of molecular markers for the detection and exploitation of DNA polymorphism has become one of the most significant developments in the field of molecular genetics and biotechnology for a variety of applications including examination of genetic relationships between individuals, mapping of useful genes, const...

In recent years, the development and use of molecular markers for the detection and exploitation of DNA polymorphism is one of the most signifi cant developments in the fi eld of molecular genetics and biotechnology for a variety of applications including examination of genetic relationships between individuals, mapping of useful genes, constructio...

India produces a large variety of food crops including cereals, pulses and oilseeds. In the name of increased productivity, indiscriminate application of enormous quantity of chemical fertilizers is being followed keeping the health factor at bay. Hence an alternative method of farming is of urgent need which could satisfy the needs of increased fo...

Histone acetylation is an important posttranslational modification correlated with gene activation. In Arabidopsis thaliana the histone acetyltransferase 1 (AtHAC1) is homologous to animal p300/CREB (cAMP-responsive element-binding protein)-bindin proteins, which are the main histone acetyltransferases participating in many physiological processes,...