Mohamed EmbarkiUniversity of Franche-Comté | UFC · ELLIADD Edition, Littératures, Langages, Informatique, Arts, Didactique, Discours
Mohamed Embarki
Full professor in Language Sciences
About
88
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170
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Citations since 2017
Introduction
I am a full Professor in Language Sciences at the University of Besançon. I started my academic career as a Senior lecturer at Paul-Valéry University, Montpellier 3. Currently, I am the coordinator of the Master's degree of French as a foreign language. I was several times the head of research teams. I am interseted in Arabic phonetics and phonology, the evolution of the standard and dialectal varieties. I am also interested in multilingualism, education and training in the Arab world.
Additional affiliations
September 2009 - August 2014
September 2000 - August 2009
September 2000 - August 2009
Publications
Publications (88)
Migrations et intégration linguistique : dispositifs d’accueil, contenus d’enseignement et approches didactiques
Colloque international
Rabat, les 1er, 2 et 3 décembre 2022
Co-organisé par le laboratoire Éducation, culture, innovation et didactique (Faculté des Sciences de l’Education, université Mohammed V, Rabat et ELLIADD, EA4661, université de...
Il existe deux traditions phonologiques pour l’arabe et ses variétés, la première est dialectologique, la seconde est théorique. Nous défendrons ici l’intégration d'une troisième perspective dans la linguistique arabe, une perspective typologique interne. Onze dialectes géographiquement représentatifs seront comparés selon un critère commun, les no...
L'étude porte sur la présence des langues et leur poids supposés dans les trois pays du Maghreb et au Liban. Elle s’appuie sur les résultats d’enquêtes menées, entre 2016 et 2018, dans les quatre pays qui montrent de manière convergente que les sujets accordent énormément d’importance à la maîtrise du français comme langue de scolarisation et comme...
La didactique de l’oral occupe une place marginale dans la formation des enseignants de français au Maroc.
Les enseignants pratiquent tous diverses activités orales, de manière intuitive et sans réel fondement théorique.
Les échanges entre apprenants sont souvent rares en classe de FLE/S, la prise de parole se limite fréquemment à un échange bref...
It has been richly documented in the Arabic dialectological tradition that Arabic is characterized by a high degree of internal diversity (Behnstedt and Woidich 2013). It has also been utilized in interesting ways in the theoretical phonological tradition of generative grammar (Kiparsky 2003, Watson 2007). We argue that there is another important d...
This book aims to shed light on recent trends in Arabic dialectology. Cross-cultural analyses are provided by scholars from different origins (Arabic native speakers and excellent Arabists) and from different linguistic backgrounds (Arabic, Berber, English, French, Hebrew, Spanish). The chapters are all devoted to produce atisfactory. Geographical...
Les quatre pays du Maghreb (Algérie, Maroc, Mauritanie, Tunisie) connaissent des mutations politiques, économiques, sociales, culturelles et identitaires importantes. Le débat à propos de l’éducation dans ces sociétés est devenu central, car celle-ci est enfin perçue comme un levier indispensable pour l’accès à la modernité et au développement. Les...
L’objectif de la recherche rapportée par cet ouvrage est de décrire de manière approfondie les modèles d’enseignement maghrébin à travers des situations observées, en visant à élargir le panorama des connaissances actuelles sur les dispositifs et approches multilingues, dans les institutions d’enseignement de la région en tenant compte des spécifici...
Voice quality in the second language acquisition: The case of Chinese learners of French as Foreign Language.The study focuses on the voice quality settings of eight Chinese learners in a production task of La bise et le soleil in L1 Chinese and L2 French. A comparison is made with a production task in French of four French native speakers. Chinese...
Arabic is the youngest language among the languages of the Semitic family. However, it is described by many Semitists as the most conservative language in the family. From a phonological point of view, it is the one that has preserved the most phonological features of Proto-Semitic. It has maintained a rich consonant system, composed of 28-29 phone...
Since 1970, French education authorities have put in place education provisions to address the education needs of the Elèves Nouvellement Arrivés en France (ENAF) [Students Newly Arrived in France]. They put in place a series of such and a range of policy frameworks (circulars and decrees) to legitimise the education provisions implemented in Frenc...
The path of education for citizenship at school in France has been long, complex and tumultuous. Following the French Revolution, control of the education system became a battleground between the Republicans and the clergy. Subsequently, the Republicans successfully secured control of the education system and introduced instruction civique at schoo...
Cette étude prend appui sur les classifications géo- et socio-dialectales ainsi que sur le peuplement ancien et récent de plusieurs régions du Monde arabe pour explorer certaines facettes des parlers citadins modernes. Elle s’intéresse plus particulièrement à la réalisation de la pharyngalisation et à ses motivations sociales.
Des données acoustiqu...
The present study aims to investigate the opposing tendencies of innovation and conservatism in the phonetic and phonological domains in Arabic. It draws a parallel between sound changes that occurred in the standard variety and the retention of specific phonetic and phonological aspects in the dialectal varieties. Recent works have highlighted thr...
Le Monde arabe est divisé en cinq grandes régions géographiques (Hourani, 1991) auxquelles correspondent de grands groupes de variétés dialectales : 1) les dialectes de la péninsule arabique ; 2) les dialectes mésopotamiens ; 3) les dialectes levantins ; 4) les dialectes égyptiens ; et 5) les dialectes maghrébins (Versteegh, 1997). Cette classifica...
The first section of this chapter will deal with the principal phonetic descriptions
of the Arab system produced by the early Arab grammarians of the classical period
(2nd/8th to 5th/11th century). The second part will present the consonant and vowel
systems of Modern Arabic, while the third part will deal with the contribution of
experimental phon...
This study is about the differences in articulations between men and women in Libyan Arabic from Tripoli and the social power structure of these differences. The corpus used is a list of words with consonants having strong distinctive values to a social point of view between men and women, i.e, pharyngealized consonants / s ˁ, t ˁ, d ˁ/ and non-pha...
CETTE ÉTUDE S’INTÉRESSE À LA CLARTÉ DE LA PAROLE ET À SES PATRONS COARTICULATOIRES. DEUX EXPERIENCES ONT ETE CONDUITES EN VUE D’EXPLORER L’INFLUENCE SUR LA COARTICULATION DE DEUX PARAMETRES QUE SONT LE STYLE DE PAROLE (FORMEL VS NON FORMEL) ET LA POSITION PROSODIQUE (ACCENTUE VS INACCENTUE). LE CORPUS A ETE CONSTITUE DE QUATRE LISTES DE MOTS OPPOSA...
Clarté de la parole et effets coarticulatoires en arabe standard et dialectal
La présente étude s'intéresse aux différences articulatoires entre hommes et femmes en arabe libyen de Tripoli et à la construction sociale de ces différences. Le corpus utilisé est une liste de mots en arabe libyen de Tripoli contenant des consonnes à fortes valeurs distinctives d'un point de vue social entre les hommes et les femmes. Il s'agit de...
La littérature décrit les consonnes pharyngalisées comme des segments exerçant des effets coarticulatoires assez forts sur leur contexte adjacent. La présente étude a pour but de mesurer l’agression coarticulatoire que la consonne pharyngalisée exerce sur les voyelles adjacentes dans les séquences V1CV2 en arabe standard moderne (ASM) et en arabe d...
La littérature décrit les consonnes pharyngalisées comme des segments
exerçant des effets coarticulatoires assez forts sur leur contexte adjacent. La
présente étude a pour but de mesurer l’agression coarticulatoire que la
consonne pharyngalisée exerce sur les voyelles adjacentes dans les séquences
V1CV2 en arabe standard moderne (ASM) et en arabe d...
Cet ouvrage collectif présente deux particularités qu'il n'est pas inutile de rappeler. La première, c'est le premier ouvrage collectif international portant sur la coarticulation publié intégralement en langue française. La seconde, c'est un ouvrage qui examine la coarticulation dans différentes langues (l'anglais, l'arabe (moderne et marocain), l...
This study deals with the co-variation of speech clarity and coarticulatory patterns. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of two parameters on coarticulation, the speech style (formal vs. non formal) and the prosodic position (stressed vs. unstressed syllable). The speech material was composed of four word lists varying CV s...
This book aims to shed light on recent trends in Arabic dialectology. Cross-cultural analyses are provided by scholars from different origins (Arabic native speakers and excellent Arabists) and from different linguistic backgrounds (Arabic, Berber, English, French, Hebrew, Spanish). The chapters are all devoted to produce atisfactory. Geographical...
The present chapter deals with the coarticulatory effects of the contrast of pharyngealisation in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Dialectal Arabic (DA). The first study dealt with acoustic data, based on locus equation (LE) parameters extracted from the production of sixteen subjects from Yemen, Kuwait, Jordan and Morocco who spoke 24 words in MSA...
The present chapter deals with the coarticulatory effects of the contrast of pharyngealisation in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Dialectal Arabic (DA). The first study dealt with acoustic data, based on locus equation (LE) parameters extracted from the production of sixteen subjects from Yemen, Kuwait, Jordan and Morocco who spoke 24 words in MSA...
From the first linguistic descriptions mentioning nasal sounds (as old as Panini’s, 5th century BC) to the phonetic and phonological studies in the 20th and 21st century, passing by the work of comparative grammarians in the 19th century, nasalization has always been a topic of investigation for those who are interested in human language and speech...
La classification géographique et/ou sociologique des dialectes arabes modernes s'appuie, entre autres, sur certaines unités phonologiques qui, confrontées à une comparaison très minutieuse, ne s'avèrent pas fortement discriminantes. Les mêmes unités se retrouvent dans les parlers de plusieurs régions et variétés sociologiques à la fois en synchron...
The present paper examines the voicing effects in Modern Arabic. Data, consisting of 78 different VC syllable contexts (36 voiced syllables and 42 voiceless syllables), was produced by 16 speakers. 3736 tokens were analyzed, they showed that voicing affects the duration of the consonant and the vowel. The voiced consonant is shorter (83 ms), compar...
This special issue, entitled Arabic and its Varieties: Phonetic and Prosodic Aspects, and entirely devoted to Arabic phonetics, is composed of highly relevant papers about Arabic. Each of the six contributions is focussed on one particular aspect of MSA or Arabic dialects, in the domain of both instrumental studies and phonological and historical p...
This study is based on the theoretical premise that space shapes language use and that the interaction between language and space is subject to a social stratification built on gender. The Arabic variety of Ksar el Kebir, which is focused on here, presents a linguistic peculiarity, namely the absence of the opposition of vowel quantity. This charact...
Our study will focus on the temporal organization of a list of Moroccan Arabic (MA) words produced by native speakers from Ksar el Kebir, an average-sized town in northwestern Morocco, and explore the phonetic, sociolinguistic and dialectal aspects of this parameter. From a phonetic viewpoint, we will examine the cross-speaker variability relating...
Coarticulation generally refers to the acoustic and articulatory variability that arises due to the influence of adjacent or nearby segments; it is one of the most pervasive and complex aspects of speech production. Rapid technological development in the field of experimental phonetics has made it possible to closely investigate variability in spee...
The present study carries out an acoustic study of coarticulatory resistance in V1CV2 sequences both in Modern standard Arabic (MSA) and Dialectal Arabic (DA). The aim is to investigate the resistance of the pharyngealized /t� d� s� ��/ vs non-pharyngealized consonants /t d s �/) to vowel coarticulatory effetcts in a symmetrical context [iCi, uCu,...
The present study carries out an acoustic investigation of VCV coarticulation in the context of pharyngealized /t� d� s� ��/ vs non- pharyngealized consonants /t, d, s, �/ both in MSA and in four Arabic dialects (Jordanian, Kuwaiti, Moroccan and Yemeni). The speech material, produced by two males per country, consisted of 24 words symmetrical VCV c...
The present study carries out an acoustic investigation of coarticulation in the context of pharyngealized /t d s / vs non-pharyngealized consonants /t d s / both in MSA and in four Arabic dialects (Yemeni, Kuwaiti, Jordanian and Moroccan). The speech material, produced by four males per country, consisted of 24 words in symmetrical VCV contexts [i...
This work tackles the problem of the vocalic quantity in Moroccan Arabic (hence MA) from an acquisition perspective. The results of two studies are presented; they deal with the expected lengthening of the vowel [a] in CV syllable by Moroccan children of pre-school age. The first study deals with the ordinary production of a list of words in MA by...
Le domaine arabe constitue un terrain de choix pour les études de linguistique comparative, car il s’agit d’un continuum linguistique qui couvre un très vaste territoire (de la Mauritanie jusqu’aux confins du monde perse, avec quelques projections en Europe à Malte et à Chypre). Dans le domaine arabe, les études de dialectologie occupe une place en...
The Arabic speaking world constitutes a field of choice for comparative linguistics as it is a linguistic continuum which covers a vast territory (from Mauritania to the borders of the Persian region, with some projections in Europe, in Malta and Cyprus). Nevertheless, in the field of Arabic linguistics, studies dealing with dialectology still occu...
A comparison of F0 alignment values was carried out for three Arabic dialects (Moroccan Arabic, Kuwaiti Arabic and Yemeni Arabic) using five speakers from each dialect. Clear differences found in alignment enable separation of Moroccan Arabic from the two other dialects: a) values of the F0 valley differed significantly, with Moroccan Arabic showin...
The laryngeal adjustments in voiceless consonant clusters and geminates in Moroccan Arabic were examined by means of photoglottography. Findings indicate that speech rate and word boundary have an effect not only on the shape of laryngeal abduction-adduction gestures but also on laryngeal-oral coordination.
Locus equations are linear regression functions derived by relating F2 onsets of different vowels to their corresponding steady states. This paper purports to investigate if locus equations can be strong phonetic descriptors of the consonantal contrast between pharyngealized and non-pharyngealized consonants in Arabic. Eight male Arabic speakers fr...
A comparison of the acoustic realizations of contrastive focus was carried out for three Arabic dialects (Moroccan Arabic, Kuwaiti Arabic and Yemeni Arabic) using five speakers from each dialect. Acoustic correlates like F0 peak alignment, vowel duration, F0 excursion size were found to be quite different. Other aspects such as F0 contour shape, pa...
The present study deals with spread of the coda’s nasal feature over
adjacent oral vowels in Modern Standard Arabic. The aim of is to specify its
acoustic attributes. The acoustic analysis is based on the realization of 45 words
containing the final syllable CVn# produced by 8 native speakers of Arabic
coming from different Arab countries. Acoustic...
This study investigated
the p
roduction and the perception
of the vowel [a]
in Moroccan Arabic. 64 pupils of different
schooling levels and ages and 8 adult controls were
recruited to form two groups of 32 pupils and 4 adults
each, the first group for the production experiment and the
second group for the perception experiment. The two
experiments...
This paper aims to explore socially-conditioned phonetic variation in speech production and perception in Moroccan Arabic (henceforth MA). The linguistic variant studied here is the low central vowel /a/. It is correlated with social factors; schooling and age are incorporated as independent variables which must reveal forms of variation on this vo...
Projects
Projects (3)
Le projet vise à améliorer la formation initiale des enseignants de français dans les facultés de pédagogie au Soudan.
Projet collaboratif : AUF ; OIF ; Université de Franche-Comté (Besançon, France) ; Université de Mostaganem (Mostaganem, Algérie) ;Université Cadi Ayyad (Marrakech, Maroc) ; Université de Sfax (Tunisie) ; Université Libanaise de Beyrouth (Beyrouth, Liban), plus une douzaine d'universités maghrébines.
Les travaux du consortium dans le cadre du projet DUFRAM porteront sur les usages linguistiques, les représentations sociales ainsi que les modes d’appropriation et de transmission de la langue française et des autres langues en co-présence dans les trois pays du Maghreb et au Liban. La question est récurrente et ne cesse de se poser avec acuité, notamment après le Printemps Arabe. Par le présent projet DUFRAM, les laboratoires du consortium entendent mener des études empiriques et exploratoires, mais assez représentatives, qui permettent de mesurer, comprendre, apprécier et analyser les effets réels et les modalités d’appropriation/transmission de la langue française ainsi que des représentations sociales qui entourent sa place, son rôle, ses usages, ses fonctions sur le terrain.
Perspectives du projet : création d’un consortium de laboratoires francophones expert en matière de diffusion du français dans l’aire arabophone ; colloque international fin 2016 ; lancement de plusieurs recherches doctorales concomitantes sur la thématique de l’actuel appel à projets AUF dans les différents laboratoires du consortium ; publication de ressources variées sur la thématique (ouvrages, revue thématique).