Mladen Obad Šćitaroci

University of Zagreb · Fisical planning, town planning and landscape architecture

Rad istražuje plemićke gradove (burgove) na području planiranog Parka prirode Ivanščica, Strahinjščica, Maceljska gora i Ravna gora iz aspekta prostornih mogućnosti njihova očuvanja i unaprjeđenja. Plemićki gradovi u Hrvatskoj istraživani su iz arheološkog, povijesnog i povijesno-umjetničkog aspekta, međutim često izostaje prostorno-planersko motri...

This research deals with projects for a residence on the island of Lokrum by Archduke Maximilian I of Habsburg (1832-1867). In the short period of owning the island (1859-1867), Maximilian ordered three different designs for Lokrum. The subject of research in this paper is the first phase of the project, dating from 1860 to 1866, when the general p...

The Vranyczany-Dobrinović family (short: Vranyczany) is an aristocratic family that rose to power in Croatia in the second half of the 19th century. Members of the family possessed five manor houses surrounded by gardens with historicist features from the late 19th and early 20th century. All five are located in the hilly region of Hrvatsko Zagorje...

The research of the urban morphology of Zagreb in the second half of the 19th century was done with the intention of showing the importance of inherited urban morphology and the importance of urban identity factors at a time when preparations are being made for reconstruction after the 2020 earthquake. The research was performed on the basis of old...

U hrvatskoj literaturi i zakonskoj regulativi ne postoji jednoznačna definicija maloga povijesnoga grada. Cilj rada jest pridonijeti utvrđivanju značenja toga složenog pojma i uspostaviti popis malih povijesnih gradova Hrvatske. Predložena je višekriterijska analiza koja uključuje upravne, funkcijske, veličinske, konzervatorske, povijesne i struktu...

The research topic is the spatial and architectural development of the homestead (majur) created within the Maksimir episcopal forest which underwent a transformation into a large public park from the end of the 18th to the middle of the 19th century. The research is based on the analysis of historical cartographic and draft documentation with an a...

The research was focused on determining the types of landscape areas within the fortifications of medieval-Renaissance towns based on the use and the criteria for their valorisation and enhancement. Twenty-six Mediterranean and west European towns were analysed. Nine types of landscape areas and seven valorisation criteria have been determined. Thr...

Između 1859. i 1867., kada je otok Lokrum bio u vlasništvu austrijskoga nadvojvode i meksičkoga cara Maksimilijana Habsburga, ispred njegove rezidencije na otoku izvedeno je šetalište inspirirano španjolskim šetalištima, poznatim pod imenom alameda. Istraživanja se temelje na grafičkoj arhivskoj građi i autentičnim troškovnicima radova, koje je pot...

Heritage urbanism considers the revitalization and enhancement of cultural heritage in spatial, urban, and landscape contexts, and it explores models for its inclusion in contemporary life. The main research question is whether it is possible, based on a number of case studies, to recognize models of the future use of heritage and interpret them as...

The main research aim of this paper is to determine appropriate and sustainable models of revitalisation of historic gardens and parks which must respect the gardens’ authenticity and inherited identity features, but also allow for contemporary interventions and new facilities. The fundamental criterion for such interventions is to preserve the his...

Models of revitalisation and enhancement of cultural heritage were studied through the Heritage Urbanism approach. A total of 17 models were identified and divided into three groups: Universal Heritage Models, Basic Heritage Models, and Thematic Models of the Heritage Approach. Appropriate models that can enhance and modernise heritage and preserve...

A country house is a representative building which, apart from its residential function, also serves as a managerial focus for the wider estate. Throughout history, the representation, organisation, and management of a country house have served as complementary economic mechanisms that ensured that the seigniorial estate functioned as a (self-)sust...

This article explores factors concerning the urban integration of archaeological heritage in towns and settlements. Archaeological heritage refers to visible, immovable archaeological remains (such as the remains of buildings or structures), sites, and areas (larger complexes). As part of the multidisciplinary process of archaeological heritage man...

This research focuses on morphological aspects of green spaces in 26 fortified European towns and cities. Such spaces are insufficiently acknowledged for the identities they confer and the advantages they provide for inhabitants. They are integral parts of inner urban fringe belts, and they are important both functionally and as attributes of herit...

This paper is the first complete and systematic study on the spatial and historical development of the urban area Na Andriji in the historic core of Dubrovnik. The history of the monastic complexes of St Andrew and St Mark between the 13th and the 17th century serves as a basis for analysis of their urban setting and structure, subdivision of land,...

The paper explores the possible influence of archaeological heritage and archaeological data on urban planning, i.e. the role of archaeology in the contemporary world and the possibilities of presenting and preserving historic traces in the urban tissue. Based on the analysis of selected cases, the model of reinterpretation is recognized as one of...

The purpose of this communication is to show the thoughts of the Heritage Urbanism approach in the context of the QLand QLife project. Revival and new life of heritage increase the quality of landscape and quality of life. The question arising is how to turn the heritage into an active and living one. How to make heritage, often perceived as a burd...

Rijeka dubrovačka, the area west of Dubrovnik’s historic core, is widely known for its abundance of Renaissance villas and gardens. This article presents 50 gardens of summer villas, developed between the 14th and the late 19th century with the majority of them created during the 15th and 16th century. This research reveals their cultural, historic...

This paper contains an overview of park forests, town parks, paths and promenades, memorial areas, lines of trees, manor gardens and gardens around schools and churches in eight towns and municipalities in Gorski Kotar: Brod Moravice, Čabar, Delnice, Fužine, Lokve, Mrkopalj, Skrad, and Vrbovsko. It provides data on approximately 40 landscape areas...

Rijeka dubrovaèka, the area west of Dubrovnik’s historic core, is widely known for its abundance of Renaissance villas and gardens. This article presents 50 gardens of summer villas, developed between the 14th and the late 19th century with the majority of them created during the 15th and 16th century. This research reveals their cultural, historic...

Veliki Brijun is the largest island in the Brijuni archipelago in northern Adriatic. This paper focuses on the formation and changes in landscape over various historical periods. Analysing the genesis of Veliki Brijun landscape, the research aims to determine the organisation and land use, and the factors of landscape identity. The goal is to ident...

Paper contains an overview of parks forests, town parks, paths and promenades, memorial areas, lines of trees, manor gardens and gardens around schools and churches in eight towns and municipalities in Gorski Kotar: Brod Moravice, Èabar, Delnice, Fužine, Lokve, Mrkopalj, Skrad, and Vrbovsko. It provides data on approximately 40 landscape areas and...

Rijeka dubrovaèka, the area west of Dubrovnik’s historic core, is widely known for its abundance of Renaissance villas and gardens. This article presents 50 gardens of summer villas, developed between the 14th and the late 19th century with the majority of them created during the 15th and 16th century. This research reveals their cultural, historic...

The paper examines urban integration of archaeological heritage in the town of Zadar via analysis of the town's history and urban development; the history of archaeological research and archaeological heritage protection and preservation; and the analysis of the relevant developed urban or spatial planning documents in relation to archaeological he...

The research intends to highlight the role of railway lines and railway stations in the development and structural changes of towns in the former Austria-Hungary in order to create an adequate framework of urban typology. One of the sections of urban typology, as the method to identify the different types of Austro-Hungarian towns, is defined by th...

The study analyses factors of identity of medieval Istrian settlements in central and north-eastern Istria, or areas of historical Pazin County. Spatial, urban and architectural settlement features are analysed by observing the structure, shape and appearance of the settlement, its streets, squares and urban development. The research aims to use th...

In the modern Winter Olympics, the landscape and territorial impact of infrastructure and sports facilities, especially the transportation network required to connect the host city with the mountain venues, is a major challenging issue, matter of concern to planners. Three case studies are compared from this viewpoint, to point out common and diffe...

Članak govori o urbanističkim obilježjima liturgijskih građevina u Zagrebu u 20. stoljeću, a rezultat je istraživanja provedenog prema prethodno postavljenim kriterijima. Istraživanje je provedeno na temelju obilaska terena, analize zatečenog stanja i analize smještaja liturgijskih građevina na Hrvatskoj osnovnoj karti. Rezultati istraživanja pokaz...

This article examines the urban features of the zoth century liturgical buildings in Zagreb on the basis of the previously established research criteria. This research is the result of field work, the analysis of the existing liturgical buildings in terms of their condition and their position on the Croatian base map. The research results show that...

U radu se prikazuje metoda analize i procjene stanja zaštite nepokretnog arheološkog naslijeđa Sesveta razvijena za potrebe izrade Studije zaštite i prezentacijskog potencijala arheološkog nalazišta Kuzelin i bliskih arheoloških nalazišta te se donose rezultati procjene i analize stanja 50 do sada poznatih arheoloških nalazišta na administrativnom...

This paper, based on the analysis of Gracisce settlement, investigates the elements of identity of medieval settlements in Istria, a region of similar geographical and building features. Elements of identity, studied in the context of the historical development of the settlement, are its topography, fabric and structure, defense system, and the mos...

This paper deals with Zagreb's liturgical architecture of Modernism. Among many churches built in this style throughout the 20th century, some outstanding examples are selected for this research. They may be considered representative of the period which is usually seen as a turning point in the history of liturgical architecture. Modernism in parti...

This paper explores the contemporary system of archaeological heritage management which comprises two levels. The first level incudes the overall archaeological heritage / resource management on a particular territory while the second comprises management of archaeological sites for which the decision on preservation in situ has been made. Besides...

In the focus of this research is the development and changes of the Renaissance gardens of the villas Bona-Caboga and Stay-Caboga, a rare example in the Dubrovnik area, where a garden embraces in terms of both style and period of construction two villas into a unique complex. The villas with the garden are located at Batahovina in Rijeka Dubrovacka...

Spa garden in Daruvar ‘Julius’s Park’ is the oldest spa garden in continental Croatia. The counts Jankovich and their successors created the garden during the 18th and 20th century. The garden resumed its nowadays form and surface in the time of count Julius Jankovich in the mid-19th century and it was named after him. The garden is protected as a...

This research encompasses 96 villas situated on the northern hillsides of Zagreb, built between 1736 and 1938. Twenty-three villas, unknown until today, have been discovered through this research while half of the registered ones have been preserved. Their urban, ambient, landscaping and architectural features have been researched and defined. The...

A scientific research project Heritage Urbanism is essentially based on the principle that the heritage should not only remain a monument to the past (a protected work of art) but an active participant (a creative subject) in contemporary life. Research topics are divided in four groups: 1. Heritage in landscape! cultural landscape as heritage; 2....

The theme of this article are public parks in towns and spas in Croatia from the 18th century and up until WWI (until 1918). Due to its geographical location Croatia has always been under a dual cultural influence: Italian, from the southeast and across the Adriatic Sea, and from the northwest from Austria and Germany. The most significant public p...

The paper discusses laws on landscape protection by providing an analysis and evaluation of the status of landscape protection in Croatia, regulated by four laws, and its comparison to that of other European countries. As a result, it provides guidelines for improving landscape protection and for an efficient application of European Landscape Conve...

Landscape architecture of the EXPO'98 project is an important factor in the urban transformation and environmental rehabilitation of the eastern coastal zone of Lisbon (350 ha). This research shows that landscape architecture takes up 40 % of the total area. The implementation of the project proved to be a long-term contribution to the creation of...

This research paper focuses on the protection and usage of immovable archaeological heritage from an urban-planning perspective. The analysis of the international and national protection-related documents has served as a basis for a research into theoretical and legal starting points for the protection and improvement of the archaeological heritage...

Physical plans of national and nature parks feature prominently in the professional career of Ante Marinoví-Uzelac, one of the founders of physical planning in Croatia. This paper gives an analysis of his theoretical principles and achievements, which is based on his original papers, physical plans and publications. It also highlights his contribut...

Croatian-Hungarian cultural and architectural relations are the result of more than eight centuries long cohabitation in the same kingdom. In the paper, which is the result of a research on country house building in Hungary and in Croatia, the authors present an overview of manors built in both countries, focusing on those built in the age of histo...

This paper presents the new research findings on the north Istrian settlement Draguċ. The objective of the research has been to add new findings to the already existing knowledge about its urban development in the context of recent researches and the available archive sources. This analysis shows that the medieval fabric in the oldest part of the s...

The City of Zagreb is geographically identifiable by the Sava river and Medvednica mountain. Gradec and Kaptol, the medieval settlements, are situated on the two opposite hills at the foot of Medvednica at the site of a prehistoric settlement. Such a convenient location provided protection against frequent floods of the Sava river. Unlike Gradec an...

This paper looks into the religious architecture of the Croatian architect Tomislav Premerl within the period of 45 years. His architectural oeuvre is of great interest in the context of religious, specifically liturgical 20 th century Croatian architecture since it reflects an honest endeavour, so typical of the 20 th century artists, to seek a ne...

Based on city administration documents and professional literature the paper brings an overview of planning and development of Zagreb in 1945-52. According to the quality of architectural design and the development timeline it is possible to differentiate several city areas and two phases - 1945-46 and 1947-52. The greatest accomplishments of Croat...

The paper explores reasons for the formation of Christian liturgical architecture before the 20th century. Although a large variety of historical examples hinders the exact definition of paradigmatic models, each historical period reflects specific theoretical premises which show the guiding principle of spatial formation. The paper also analyzes w...

An analysis of plans and urban planning regulations on the city of Zagreb from the 2/2 of the 19(th) and 1/2 of the 20(th) century shows that Zagreb cottages enticed construction activities in the north parts of the city and that the regulations on their construction controlled for the first time architectural projects in these areas. Cottages gave...

Based on city administration documents and professional literature the paper brings an overview of planning and development of Zagreb in 1945-52. According to the quality of architectural design and the development timeline it is possible to differentiate several city areas and two phases 1945.46 and 1947-52. The greatest accomplishments of Croatia...

The analysis of the conversion processes of bastion fortifications in Osijek and the urban features of these sites in the early 21st century shows marked similarities with the areas of the same origin in other European towns such as Bremen, Frankfurt, Graz, Hamburg or Kopenhagen. This clearly indicates that the urban development processes were rema...

Developments on the sites of bastion fortifications are often well-designed expansions of city cores with mainly public buildings, representative residential buildings and public spaces. The transformation of bastion fortifications in the Croatian towns of Karlovac and Osijek in the early-twentieth century resulted in the creation of urban landscap...

Disintegration and transformation of bastion-type fortifications in European and Croatian towns resulted in some of the most significant examples of urban interventions of the 19th century. One of the most important roles of these interventions was to create new urban areas with a concentration of public spaces and public buildings as places of soc...

Disintegration and transformation of bastion-type fortifications in European and Croatian towns resulted in some of the most significant examples of urban interventions of the 19th century. One of the most important roles of these interventions was to create new urban areas with a concentration of public spaces and public buildings as places of soc...

The analysis of the conversion processes of bastion fortifications in Osijek and the urban features of these sites in the early 21st century shows marked similarities with the areas of the same origin in other European towns such as Bremen, Frankfurt, Graz, Hamburg or Kopenhagen. This clearly indicates that the urban development processes were rema...

The analysis of the conversion process of Varaždin bastion fortifications as well as the resulting urban features of these sites in the early 21st century indicates that the 19th century urban development of Varaždin was remarkably similar to urban development trends in other European cities, especially those within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The...

This paper addresses the issue of cultural landscape protection in Croatia which is one of the signatories of the Convention on European Landscape. The paper points to the fact that no research methods of landscape identification and evaluation are employed in Croatia. The aim is to determine space capacity as one of the planning measures to reduce...

The Valpovo fortress has been preserved to this day as Turks did not destroy it when they were leaving the region. The subsequently built castle was practically incorporated into the medieval fortress. In the early 18th century, the Austrian Royal Chamber granted to Baron Hilleprand von Prandau the right to enjoy the large Valpovo estate. Since tha...

The area of Suhopolje was marshy and uninhabited until the mid 18th century and, since that time the castle was gradually built until the early 20th century. It changed appearance and facades and was converted from the initial outhouses to a manor of the noble Janković family. The picturesque neogotical entrance with turrets that links the central...

The Inkéy Castle in Rasinje near Koprivnica was built in the second half of the 19th century on a site previously occupied by an old curia and outhouses of the old city, which was in the meantime completely destroyed. In fact, two one-story buildings were added to the north and south portal of the old and long single-story edifice. The castle had f...

The Town Park in the old nucleus of Virovitica developed from the garden of the medieval fortress and the feudal manor. It became a public town park in the first half of the 20th century. The authors analyze its features, research the changes it went through, its historical development, its values, the preservation of its historical identity, its p...

The system of roads and streets, the structure and type of buildings, and the layout of parks and gardens are the three essential elements in creating city identity and image. The article indicates the importance of garden architecture for the formation of urban identity. Using many historical and modern examples, the authors analyze the ways in wh...

The Town Park in the old nucleus of Virovitica, Croatia, developed from the garden of the medieval fortress and the feudal manor. It became a public town park in the first half of the 20th century. The authors analyze its features, research the changes it went through, its historical development, its values, the preservation of its historical ident...

The system of roads and streets, the structure and type of buildings, and the layout of parks and gardens are the three essential elements in creating city identity and image. The article indicates the importance of garden architecture for the formation of urban identity. Using many historical and modern examples, the authors analyze the ways in wh...

The article has two main topics: the first is about the influence of Western and Eastern cultures on Croatian garden art, the second about similarities and differences in Western and Eastern garden design, with many historical and contemporary examples. Gardens of the Western civilization contain many features and elements ascribed to Chinese and J...

Maksimir is for Zagreb what the Versailles garden is for Paris, Schönbrunn for Vienna, Giardino di Boboli for Florence, or Regent's Park for London. Maksimir has always been, and remains now, one of the symbols of Zagreb, the most valuable and largest among the many specimens of Croatia's rich garden heritage, an important example of nineteenth-cen...

The author presents the results of many years of research into the park in Lipik health resort, carried out to investigate possibilities for the conservation and renewal of the historically valuable area. Spatial evaluation and an apprasial of unsuitable construction in the park to date will enable errors to be corrected. The author also discusses...