Miyer Fabián Patiño-Ruiz

University of Groningen | RUG · Department of Biochemistry

Episodic ataxias (EAs) are rare neurological conditions affecting the nervous system and typically leading to motor impairment. EA6 is linked to the mutation of a highly conserved proline into an arginine in the glutamate transporter EAAT1. In vitro studies showed that this mutation leads to a reduction in the substrates transport and an increase i...

Na+/H+ exchangers are essential for Na+ and pH homeostasis in all organisms. Human Na+/H+ exchangers are of high medical interest, and insights into their structure and function are aided by the investigation of prokaryotic homologues. Most prokaryotic Na+/H+ exchangers belong to either the Cation/Proton Antiporter (CPA) superfamily, the Ion Transp...

KtrAB is a key player in bacterial K ⁺ uptake required for K ⁺ homeostasis and osmoadaptation. The system is unique in structure and function. It consists of the K ⁺ -translocating channel subunit KtrB, which forms a dimer in the membrane, and the soluble regulatory subunit KtrA, which attaches to the cytoplasmic side of the dimer as an octameric r...

Bacterial NhaB Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers belonging to the Ion Transporter superfamily are poorly characterized in contrast to Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers of the Cation Proton Antiporter superfamily which have NhaA from Escherichia coli as a prominent member. For a more detailed understanding of the intricacies of the exchanger’s transport mechanism, mutational studi...

Much of the research on Na+/H+ exchange has been done in prokaryotic models, mainly on the NhaA Na+/H+ exchanger from Escherichia coli (EcNhaA). Two conserved aspartate residues, Asp-163 and Asp-164, are essential for transport and are candidates for possible binding sites for the two H+ that are exchanged for one Na+ to make the overall transport...

Na⁺/H⁺ exchange is essential for survival of all organisms, having a role in the regulation of the intracellular Na⁺ concentration, pH and cell volume. Furthermore, Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers were shown to be involved in the virulence of the bacterium Yersinia pestis, indicating they might be potential targets for novel antibiotic treatments. The model syst...

Measured vs reconstructed currents for KpNhaB. Current traces recorded for KpNhaB at pH 9.0 and 9.5 were reconstructed in order to determine the stationary component of the reconstructed current as described by Tadini-Buoninsegni and Fendler [40]. Presented is a trace recorded for a 100 mM Na+ concentration jump at pH 9.5, where there is a signific...

Transient currents recorded for different values of the lipid to protein ratio (LPR). Current traces were recorded following 100 mM Na+ concentration jumps at pH 8.5 for KpNhaA1 (A), KpNhaA2 (B) and KpNhaB (C). For a better comparison of decay time constants at different LPR values, currents were normalized to their maximum amplitude. (TIF)

Na(+)/H(+) antiporters are located in the cytoplasmic and intracellular membranes and play crucial roles in regulating intracellular pH, Na(+), and volume. The NhaA antiporter of Escherichia coli is the best studied member of the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger family and a model system for all related Na(+)/H(+) exchangers, including eukaryotic representativ...

pH and Na+ homeostasis in all cells requires Na+/H+ antiporters. The crystal structure, obtained at pH 4, of NhaA, the main antiporter of Escherichia coli, has provided general insights into an antiporter mechanism and its unique pH regulation. Here, we describe a general method to select various NhaA mutants from a library of randomly mutagenized...

Background P-type ATPases hydrolyze ATP and release energy that is used in the transport of ions against electrochemical gradients across plasma membranes, making these proteins essential for cell viability. Currently, the distribution and function of these ion transporters in mycobacteria are poorly understood. Results In this study, probabilisti...