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Publications
Publications (26)
Response to paraquat was investigated in two Hordeum glaucum Steud. (wall barley) biotypes grown at warm (30^C) and cool (15^C) temperatures. Paraquat-resistant (R) plants were nearly seven-fold more tolerant when grown at 15^C than when grown at 3CPC. In contrast, there was a tendency for susceptible (S) plants to be more tolerant when grown at th...
Paraquat resistance in the grass weed Hordeum glaucum Steud. has been proposed to result from herbicide sequestration away from the growing points. In the present study, we used roots as a model system to investigate cellular transport of paraquat in resistant (R) and susceptible (S) H. glaucum biotypes. Both time- and concentration-dependent kinet...
Phytoextraction field experiments were conducted on soil contaminated with 0.39 to 8.7 Bq/g of 137Cs to determine the capacity of five plant species to accumulate 137Cs and the effects of three soil treatments on uptake. The plants tested were redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L. var. aureus); a mixture of redroot pigweed and spreading pigwee...
The Hazardous Substance Research Center (HSRC) was established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assist in the implementation of Superfund and to address major hazardous substance environmental problems at a regional level. Over the past 12 years, the HSRC program has produced more than 1,200 peer-reviewed technical articles, 27...
A field test was conducted to determine the ability of three plant species to extract 137Cs and 90Sr from contaminated soil. Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.], and tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) were planted in a series of spatially randomized cells in soil that was contaminated i...
minerals can significantly reduce bioavailablity of 137 Cs for plant uptake, the relatively simple mineralogy (most- A field test was conducted to determine the ability of three plant ly quartz with only a trace of micaceous minerals) of species to extract 137 Cs and 90 Sr from contaminated soil. Redroot pig- weed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), India...
Remediation of sites contaminated with toxic metals is particularly challenging. Unlike organic compounds, metals cannot be degraded, and the cleanup usually requires their removal. However, this energy-intensive approach can be prohibitively expensive. In addition, the metal removing process often employs stringent physicochemical agents which can...
Remediation of sites contaminated with toxic metals is particularly challenging. Unlike organic compounds, metals cannot be degraded, and the cleanup usually requires their removal. However, this energy-intensive approach can be prohibitively expensive. In addition, the metal removing process often employs stringent physicochemical agents which can...
The existence of metal hyperaccumulator species demonstrates that plants have the genetic potential to remove toxic metals from contaminated soil. Possibly, one of the best-known hyperaccumulators is Thlaspi caerulescens. This species has been shown to accumulate very high Zn concentrations without manifesting any sign of toxicity. Thus, T. caerule...
An integrated molecular and physiological investigation of the fundamental mechanisms of heavy metal accumulation was conducted in Thlaspi caerulescens, a Zn/Cd-hyperaccumulating plant species. A heavy metal transporter cDNA, ZNT1, was cloned from T. caerulescens through functional complementation in yeast and was shown to mediate high-affinity Zn(...
In this manuscript, recent research from this laboratory into physiological and molecular aspects of heavy metal (Zn) transport
in the hyperaccumulating plant species, Thlaspi caerulescens is reviewed. This research is aimed at elucidating the processes that underlie the accumulation of extraordinarily high levels
of Zn in the T. caerulescens shoot...
We investigated Zn compartmentation in the root, Zn transport into the xylem, and Zn absorption into leaf cells in Thlaspi caerulescens, a Zn-hyperaccumulator species, and compared them with those of a related nonaccumulator species, Thlaspi arvense. 65Zn-compartmental analysis conducted with roots of the two species indicated that a significant fr...
A field study was conducted to investigate the potential of three plant species for phytoremediation of a 137Cs-contaminated site. Approximately 40-fold more 137Cs was removed from the contaminated soil in shoots of red root pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) than in those of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern] and tepary bean (Phaseolus a...
To identify populations with the ability to accumulate heavy metals, approximately 300 accessions pertaining to 30 plant species were grown for 4 wk in a hydroponic media that approximated the nutrient and heavy metal composition of a soil contaminated with moderate levels of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cur, and zinc (Zn). The results indicated that seve...
Potential for phytoremediation of a soil contaminated with radiocesium was investigated in three phases: (1) hydroponic screening for plant species capable of accumulating elevated levels of cesium in shoots, (2) investigation of several amendments for their potential to increase the bioavailability of 137Cs in the contaminated soil, and (3) bioacc...
Radiotracer techniques were employed to characterize 65Zn2+ influx into the root symplasm and translocation to the shoot in Thlaspi caerulescens, a Zn hyperaccumulator, and Thlaspi arvense, a nonaccumulator. A protocol was developed that allowed us to quantify unidirectional 65Zn2+ influx across the root-cell plasma membrane (20 min of radioactive...
In this presentation, I will review recent research from our laboratory into physiological and molecular aspects of heavy metal (Zn) transport in the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulating plant species, Thlaspi caerulescens. This research is aimed at the elucidation of the processes resulting in the accumulation of extraordinari ly high levels of Zn in the T. ca...
A field study was conducted to investigate the potential of three plant species for phytoremediation of a ¹³â·Cs-contaminated site. From the contaminated soil, approximately 40-fold more radiocesium was removed in shoots of red root pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) compared with those of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern) and tepary...
