Miroslava Htoutou Sedláková

• Palacký University Olomouc

The impact of bacterial pneumonia on patients with COVID-19 infection remains unclear. This prospective observational monocentric cohort study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (CAP and HAP) and its effect on mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)...

Objectives: The period of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the healthcare system, including its effect on compliance with the established procedures of a rational antibiotic policy, especially in the context of nosocomial pneumonia, where it was very difficult to distinguish a possible bacterial superinfection from a severe inflam...

The alarming rise of bacterial antibiotic resistance requires the development of new compounds. Such compounds, lipophosphonoxins (LPPOs), were previously reported to be active against numerous bacterial species, but serum albumins abolished their activity. Here we describe the synthesis and evaluation of novel antibacterial compounds termed LEGO-L...

This observational retrospective study aimed to analyze whether/how the spectrum of bacterial pathogens and their resistance to antibiotics changed during the worst part of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 November 2020 to 30 April 2021) among intensive care patients in University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic, as compared with the pre-pandemic period (...

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the healthcare system, which has been forced to manage large numbers of patients, including those with respiratory insufficiency and in need of oxygen therapy. Due to concerns about bacterial co-infection, antibiotic therapy was administered to many patients. The aim of the present study...

The COVID-19 pandemic may increase the current threat of antimicrobial resistance and exacerbate another, rather silent, pandemic posed by the increasing frequency of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens and the associated potential for loss of effective antibiotics. Antibiotic treatment has often been used in patients hospitalized for COVID-19...

Aim: The study aimed to characterize enterococcal infections at the University Hospital Olomouc and to define antibiotic treatment options. Material and methods: The data was obtained from the ENVIS LIMS laboratory information system. Between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019, clinically relevant enterococci in the hospital and their resistanc...

The article describes activities of an antibiotic center at a university hospital in the Czech Republic and presents the results of antibiotic stewardship program implementation over a period of 10 years. It provides data on the development of resistance of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus to...

Objectives: To provide an overview of the most common bacterial species isolated from blood cultures in the University Hospital Olomouc in the years 2015-2019 and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Material and methods: The data were obtained from the laboratory information management system ENVIS LIMS. The results were analyzed retrospective...

Background: Various food-producing animals have been recognized in recent years as a potential reservoir for the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria that may pose a risk to human health and therefore their dissemination in the food production chain needs to be assessed. Methods: In this study, 450 boot swabs from chicken farms were analyzed...

Background: There is still a lack of evidence as to which method of biological sample collection is optimal for identifying bacterial pathogens causing hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Much effort has been made to find an easy and valid approach to be used in clinical practice. Methods: The primary endpoint of this prospective, observational s...

Accurate and rapid diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is vital for rational and effective therapeutic management of this condition. Several diagnostic strategies have been developed for discriminating between infected and non-infected cases. However, none of them can reliably diagnose the whole spectrum of clinical presentations of PJI....

Escherichia coli is a common commensal bacterial species of humans and animals that may become a troublesome pathogen causing serious diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the quinolone resistance phenotypes and genotypes in E. coli isolates of different origin from one area of the Czech Republic. E. coli isolates were obtained from h...

Objective: This study aimed to obtain recent epidemiological data on hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in intensive care patients and to determine adequate empirical antimicrobial therapy. Setting: Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine. Patients and methods: The prospective, multicenter, observational study assess...

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is one of the most serious complications in patients staying in intensive care units. This multicenter study of Czech patients with HAP aimed at assessing the clonality of bacterial pathogens causing the condition. Bacterial isolates were compared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Included in this study were...

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is associated with high mortality. In Central Europe, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence and treatment of HAP. This project was aimed at collecting multicenter epidemiological data on patients with HAP in the Czech Republic and comparing them with supraregional data. Methods: This pro...

Background: Important hospital-acquired infections include pneumonia, mainly because of the increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens to antimicrobials and the associated potential failure of antibiotic therapy. The present study aimed at determining the most frequent etiological agents of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and assessing the rel...

The aims were to investigate the level of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospital and urban wastewater and to determine the similarity of isolates obtained from wastewater and hospitalized patients. Wastewater samples were collected in September 2013 and 2014. After identification using MALDI-TOF MS, beta-lactamase production was determined by re...

The objectives were to assess the prevalence of etiologic agents of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in patients staying in four big hospitals in the Czech Republic and requiring artificial ventilation. The resistance of the isolated pathogens to antibiotics was determined and initial antibiotic therapy was discussed. Included in the study were 15...

Aim: Given the steadily increasing numbers of resistant bacteria, the frequency and severity of infections are on the rise. In patients with hematological malignancies, the treatment itself increases the risk of complicating bacterial infections. One important mechanisms of resistance is production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, increasingly d...

Background Increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most serious problems in current medicine. An important factor contributing to the growing prevalence of multiresistant bacteria is application of antibiotics. This study aimed at analyzing the development of resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to selected beta-lactam, fluoroquino...

We aimed at Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae isolates resistant to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and Salmonella isolates in wild birds in Arctic Svalbard, Norway. Cloacal swabs of little auks (Alle alle, n = 215) and samples of faeces of glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus, n = 15) were examined. Inducible production of AmpC enzyme was...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are among very important bacterial pathogens, particularly in the case of nosocomial infections. The frequency of this species as a causative agent of infections, including life-threatening ones, is increasing, and so is its resistance to the effect of antibiotic therapy. The aim of the present paper was to determine...

Objective: Recently, there has been a renaissance of the use of the antibiotic colistin resulting from increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens, particularly in intensive care patients. The study aimed at assessing the impact of colistin consumption on the prevalence of colistin-resistant bacteria in the University Hospital Olomouc (UHO). Met...

As a result of high resistance of bacterial pathogens to broad-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins, carbapenems have been increa-singly used recently. The presented study aimed at analyzing the association between carbapenem consumption and resistance of selected Gramnegative pathogens to meropenem. Using linear regression analysis, a statistic...

The present article defines resistance of the most frequent bacterial pathogens to antimicrobial agents in pediatric age in communityacquired as well as nosocomial infections. Based on these data, the options of antibiotic therapy are formulated.

The study aimed at determining the presence of qnr genes in ESBL-positive strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical material obtained from patients hospitalized in several intensive care units in the University Hospital Olomouc. The study comprised 100 ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical samples obtained from p...

Aim: The study aimed at analyzing ESBL- and AmpC-positive Enterobacteriaceae in the gastrointestinal tracts of university hospital inpatients and persons from the Olomouc Region community, and comparing the results with data from 2007. Methods: Bacteria were isolated from rectal swabs inoculated onto the ChromID(TM) ESBL selective medium (bioMér...

The aim was to assess the epidemiology of Burkholderia cepacia complex strains isolated at the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc, determine the most frequent strains and confirm or rule out potential clonal spread of the strains. Over a period of eight months, all strai...

The aim of the present study was to analyse the development of resistance of clinically most relevant Enterobacteriaceae in association with the selection pressure of selected antibiotic groups. We evaluated the development of resistance of K. pneumoniae (a total of 31,627 strains), E. coli (55,727 strains), E. cloacae (3,251 strains) and P. mirabi...

This prospective study aimed at assessing the effect of initial antibiotic therapy on the mortality of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) by analyzing bacterial pathogens and their resistance to antimicrobial agents. Included were patients hospitalized in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine...

BACKGROUND: This prospective study aimed at determining etiologic agents causing nosocomial pneumonia in a precisely defined group of patients and resistance of bacterial pathogens to antimicrobial drugs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised patients hospitalized at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medi...

Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBL and AmpC enzymes can be associated with failure of antibiotic therapy and related morbidity and mortality. Their routine detection in microbiology laboratories is still a problem. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of selected phenotypic methods. A total of 106 strains of the Enterobacteriaceae fa...

Carbapenems are the drugs of choice for the treatment of serious infections caused by ESBL- and AmpC-positive Enterobacteriaceae. An increasing trend of resistance to these antibiotics has been observed recently. The aim of the study was to determine resistance to carbapenems in clinical isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae family and its mechanism....

Fluoroquinolones are purely synthetic agents with antibacterial effects. For their excellent properties and a broad spectrum of activity, they are well established in the treatment of many bacterial diseases. Fluoroquinolones are commonly used in both human and veterinary medicine. However, their application is associated with potential development...