Miqdam Tariq Chaichan

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• Professor
• Head of Department at University of Technology - Iraq

Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Solar Collector is an innovative technology that merges photovoltaic and thermal energy generation into a single device. The electrical output of PV systems suffers losses due to temperature rise, and inappropriate cooling methods lead to excessive temperature rises. The power output of conventional absorber tubes is limi...

One of the most important of these emissions is fine particulate matter, which is a harmful emission of diesel engines, leading to the imposition of strict regulations. Biodiesel, with its high oxygen content, is an effective alternative to significantly reduce these emissions. In this study, rapeseed methyl ester (RME) was used as a diesel engine...

Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance, meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry, which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming. This study investigates the impact of biodiesel injection strategies and fuel injection pressures (FIP) on diesel engine exhaust emission character...

Hyperthermia therapy is one of the new technologies emerging from nanotechnology. This study examines the relationship between bio-nanofluid thermal conductivity and hematocrit differences. In the treatment of cancer, researchers have used several types of nanoparticles. The bio-nanofluid used in this study was created by adding two types of nanopa...

An experimental and numerical examination was presented to study the effect of various dimensions and configurations for the fusiform abdominal aortic aneurysms FAAA. The experimental work includes a test section made from acrylic plastic with inlet and exit sections of 10 cm. The test section represents the FAAA region, and it has a semi-major axi...

The largest challenges to the globe are energy scarcity, freshwater shortages, and global warming are the world's largest challenges. Fossil fuels harm the environment and intensify global warming. Solar distillation technology will replace fossil fuels sooner or later, as it produces freshwater without polluting the environment or being expensive....

Solar tracking systems (TS) improve the efficiency of photovoltaic modules by dynamically adjusting their orientation to follow the path of the sun. The target of this paper is, therefore, to give an extensive review of the technical and economic aspects of the solar TS, covering the design aspects, difficulties, and prospects. The paper presented...

Energy harvesting monitoring systems have become more important as the Internet of Things (IoT) have grown. An intelligent system to monitor rainwater harvesting at UNITEN COE BN is being designed and developed in this study. Rainwater harvesting operations will be improved by developing an intelligent system. Monitoring techniques are studied, and...

The sizing process in hybrid photovoltaic (PV) systems’ design is critical to ensure proper operation, reasonable costing, and meeting the load demand. Moreover, the system configuration is dependent on the load demand and type, storage requirements, and other factors. The complexity of these systems requires advanced techniques that can yield the...

2024) Dust ingredients influence on photovoltaic module performance: An experimental investigation, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 46:1, 9529-9550, ABSTRACT In this study, 16 types of dust particles were monitored in the air to determine their effects on photovoltaic (PV) performance. Dust samples were col...

The study presents the design of a highly efficient cooking stove for rural applications, along with performance evaluation. Drawing on diverse literature, existing works were analysed to derive design enhancements. Utilizing SolidWorks and Creo, a model was constructed, followed by material selection and cost analysis using accessible market compo...

Flow patterns inside wire-on-tube condensers with different refrigerant mass flow rates were studied in a theoretical study. In this study, tubes with diameters of 3.25 mm (3/16"), 4.83 mm (1/4") and 6.29 mm (5/16") were used. R-134a and R-600a cooling fluids were used at condensing temperatures of 54.4°C, 45°C, and 35°C. The results of this study...

A theoretical investigation of flow patterns inside a wire condenser tube was conducted for two refrigerants (R-600a and R-134a) with multiple mass flow rates. It is possible to determine the type of refrigerant flow pattern in this type of heat exchanger as well as the location of the change from one type to another using the proposed model. In th...

Photovoltaic (PV) modules' efficiency decreases due to the presence of external electrical potentials due to the phenomenon known as potential induced degradation (PID). Powerlines or other external sources can generate this potential, or solar cells themselves can generate it through their electric field. An electric field changes the internal ele...

Mixed convection inside a vertical square porous cavity is investigated numerically, with special attention given to left-side heating. In the study, the importance of the problem, methods used, main results, conclusions, and novelty of the work are discussed. The Brinkmann-Forchheimer-Darcy coupled momentum equations and the Local Thermal Equilibr...

This book gives you theory and design of PV/T systems. Are you interested in solar energy? If you are, you must have read about solar panels, or photovoltaics (PV). If you have installed a photovoltaic system, you must have noticed it not to generate the amount of power mentioned in its datasheet. A major issue that PV suffers from is its temperatu...

The purpose of this paper is to review findings on the integration of solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic thermal collectors, and heat pumps to provide both electrical and thermal energy. The energy consumption of HP systems in buildings is significant. Studies have verified the benefits of using PVT collectors in heat pumps to provide electrici...

The Accumulated heat on the PV panels' upper surface could be dissipated by water circulation in the backside attached collector. This paper presents an experimental study to improve the performance of the PV/T system by modifying the collector design using a spherical bulge on the collector surface. The work was carried out at the University of Te...

This chapter focuses on the latest developments and achievements in PV/T systems, encompassing innovative configurations employing nanofluids for efficient heat transfer, harnessing phase change materials as advanced thermal storage agents, and integrating cutting-edge heat pipe technology. A comprehensive synthesis of diverse research is presented...

This chapter discusses PV/T systems with nanofluids and nano-phase change material (nano-PCM) from a design viewpoint. The numerical and energy balance equations are provided, as well as the physical design. In addition, the boundary conditions of a CFD analysis are determined. The element of enhancement of PCM when adding nanoparticles was calcula...

In this chapter, the concepts and fundamentals of PV/T collectors are provided in a simplistic manner along with mathematical models that help in evaluating the performance of these systems. The chapter emphasizes traditional PV/T collectors, namely air-based PV/T, water-based PV/T and the combination of air and water as working fluids for PV/T sys...

This opening chapter presents a comprehensive introduction that encompasses an exploration of PV/T collectors, underpinned by an in-depth review of the relevant literature. The chapter aims to present the technology and the rationale for using it. Moreover, the classifications of PV/T collectors are presented along with a critical assessment to ill...

This chapter displays the performance of PV/T collectors utilizing nanofluids and nano-PCM based on results and observations from experimental tests and numerical simulations. This chapter is crucial to establishing solid evidence on the performance of this PV/T design. The chapter discusses elements to optimize the performance of the system such a...

This chapter marks the culmination of the book, offering a comprehensive Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) for PV/T systems integrated with nanofluids and nano-PCM. Building upon the designs explored in Chaps. 4 and 5, this chapter presents a holistic assessment of economic viability. By considering the entire lifecycle, the economic benefits and dra...

Statistics show that the residential and service sectors consume a large amount of the total generated energy in every country, most of which is spent for space and water heating. Solar water heater (SWH) as a recently developed technique can be used for supplying most of the energy consumption which is necessary to be considered for social and eco...

Solar energy technologies are in continuous growth from an installation capacity and efficiency standpoints. The improvements to solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are multifaceted. However, to effectively understand and estimate the performance of building-integrated PV (BIPV) systems it is necessary to account for the various parameters that impact...

The technology and performance of solar adsorption cooling systems have reached maturity, enabling them to meet the growing demand for air conditioning. High upfront and operating costs have, however, hindered the commercial spread of solar adsorption cooling systems. Comparing the solar adsorption cooling system with commercial air conditioners, t...

Solar energy technologies are in continuous growth from an installation capacity and efficiency standpoints. The improvements to solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are multifaceted. However, to effectively understand and estimate the performance of Building Integrated PV (BIPV) systems it is necessary to account for the various parameters that impact...

As an emerging technology, photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems have been gaining attention from manufacturers and experts because they increase the efficiency of photovoltaic units while producing thermal energy for a variety of uses. Likewise, electric cars are gaining ground as opposed to cars powered by fossil fuels. Electrical vehicles (EVs) ar...

In the present work, the transient state which includes the pull-down and loading period is tested for the chest freezer. The experimental work has been conducted by using a freezer of 150 L volume capacity working with R-134a and R-600a by two different compressors. The freezer is equipped with measuring devices to reading the pressure, temperatur...

The data in this article present the effective parameters of experimental microscopic processes to investigation of the emulsifiers stability characteristics with changing the water dosage in diesel/or biodiesel fuel. As a result of the increasing demand to improve the fossil fuels properties and the application of the emulsification procedure by a...

This paper describes an experimental study of influence of magnetic field on diffusion flame in the counter burner. Diffusion flames for different LPG gas flow rates propagating in counter burner of a different magnetic field intensities 1000 to 5000 gauss have been experimentally investigated. An influence of the changing fuel gas flow rate, magne...

This study explores the performance of the Photovoltaic/Thermal system using nanofluid with a novel collector design. Experiments were carried out on the University of Technology-Iraq campus. An experiment was carried out using two photovoltaic modules, one connected to 120 protrusions arranged eight columns by 15 rows (for comparison) and the othe...

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed as added particles for nanofluids in this practical investigation. To identify the most appropriate nanofluid for cooling PVT systems that are functional in the extreme summer environment of Baghdad, the parameters of base fluid, surfactant, and sonication time used for mixing were examined. Water...

In the recent decades, the researchers have been focused on the use of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems that provide the best performance and cooling for the photovoltaic panels. In this study, a PVT system consisting of a monocrystalline PV panel and a spiral heat exchanger was connected to an underground heat exchanger that is buried at a depth...

Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) technology, combines the benefits of both solar photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal systems into a single integrated solution. It is a promising renewable energy technology that maximizes solar energy utilization and offers multiple benefits for sustainable power generation. A review and discussion of both active and pas...

Recently, researchers in the field of diesel engines have focused more on finding a green and environmentally friendly that reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Due to using diesel fuel with high sulphur content, Iraq's environment suffers from severe pollution. Using leftover cooking oil to produce biofuel is considered by many researchers as an alte...

Seasonal changes affect the performance of photovoltaic modules. An experimental study was conducted at the University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, in 2022 to evaluate a 3.3 kW grid-connected PV system. The environmental data such as ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, wind speed, humidity, and dust were collected for the studied perio...

The urgent need to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and address climate change has led to increasing interest in renewable energy technologies. There are other promising energy generation systems, including photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of PV/T systems for CO2 mitigation applications. PV/T sy...

Lower exhaust emissions and better engine performance can be reached by using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and alternative fuels. In this study, the effects of various conditions of injection timings (IT) and engine speeds with EGR on engine performance and NOx concentration fueling with alcohol fuels were investigated. According to the results...

Lower exhaust emissions and better engine performance can be reached with using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and alternative fuels. In this study, the effects of various conditions of injection timings (IT) and engine speeds with EGR on engine performance and NOX concentration fueling with alcohol fuels were investigated. According to the result...

Because of the complexity involved, most researchers avoid studying the entropy generation due to both convection and radiation. In this study, the heat transfers from the horizontal heated cylinder by natural convection and radiation and the entropy generation is the case study and the ability to combine of these two heat transfer methods dependin...

Airborne dust and dust storms are natural disasters that transport dust over long distances from the source basin, sometimes reaching hundreds of kilometers. Today, Iraq is a basin that produces dust storms that strike all neighboring countries such as Iran, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. These storms affect the productivity and capacity of the photovolt...

The developments in the field of nano-additives have increased in the recent years due to the desire to reduce the level of exhaust emissions in diesel engines. The soot characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) were experimentally investigated using two concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as nano-additives (25 ppm...

The thermal conductivity and stability of any nanofluid are essential thermophysical properties. These properties are affected by many parameters, such as the nanoparticles, the base fluid, the surfactant, and the sonication time used for mixing. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were selected as additive particles, and the rema...

In this paper, the literature writing on the use of photovoltaic thermal air collectors (PV-T) and integrated greenhouse drying systems for PV-T air collectors as a mean to reduce fossil fuel consumption and reduce global warming is reviewed. Countries with limited electricity sources, solar drying is an effective way to preserve crops for long-ter...

Dust accumulation on photovoltaic modules (PVs) affects performance and reduces productivity. Many parameters specify the dust effect, and the degradation is different for PV technologies. In this study, four PV modules each with a 100 W rating were installed and tested horizontally in Sohar, Oman, for an entire year. Two monocrystalline (m-Si) and...

A theoretical study based on the Penalty factor (PF) method by Cavallini et al. is conducted to show that the pressure drop occurring in a wire-on-tube heat exchanger can be converted into a temperature difference for two type of refrigerants R-134a and R-600a typically used for charging refrigerators and freezers. The following conditions are cons...

Anaerobic fermentation of oil is becoming appealing benefit due to its high biodegradation in outputting biogas. Due to a complex synthesis organic wastes, oil has been inspected as potency the substrate to output biogas when fermented under non-aerobically as compared to {carbohydrate and protein}. However, it is familiar that oil degradation lead...

This is a numerical investigation of the unsteady mixed convective flow over an isothermally heated circular cylinder. The flow is directed vertically downwards with buoyancy forces in the opposite direction. A parametric analysis was conducted at five Reynolds numbers Re = 10, 20, 30, 40, 100, and for Richardson numbers between Ri = 0 and 0.5, to...

The bi-fluid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collector was introduced to provide more heating options along with improved cooling capabilities for the PV module. Since its introduction, this type of PVT system has been investigated thoroughly in various original works. In this review paper, we intend to put the concept and applications of this technolog...

In recent years, the adding nano additives to the fuel is paid much attention by decreasing the exhaust emissions and enhance combustion characteristics without any modifications in diesel engine. The effects of copper dioxide (CuO2) nanoparticles and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion characteristics and morphological characteristics of...

Photovoltaic modules are affected by the weather and are sensitive to dust accumulation. The accumulation of dust causes obvious losses in the produced yield. To reduce these losses to a minimum, it is recommended to clean the photovoltaic units periodically by several cleaning methods. In this practical study, the accumulated dust was collected fo...

Nanofluids are playing an important role in industry and multiple solar applications as an excellent heat carrier. In this study, a nanofluid consisting of an additive, multi walls carbon nanotube (MWCNT), is examined to the base fluid consisting of a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (EG) at a ratio of 75% to 25%, respectively. MWCNTs were adde...

Recently, a clear tendency has emerged for the Omani government to spread the culture of reliance on renewable energies in the production of electricity in the country. One of the most important aspects of this trend is that the Omani government has installed PV systems connected to the national grid in some schools across the country. The current...

Internal and external combustion studies consider that the combustion of gaseous fuels emits exhaust pollutants that are cleaner than the case of solid or liquid fuels. The researchers prefer that natural gas (which is mostly composed of methane) be mixed with additives that improve the reaction of the mixture to ensure greater effectiveness and re...

In the literature, there are some conclusions seem to be conflicting about the effect of porous structure of a packed bed of spheres, in particular the effects of the sphere diameter and the porosity on the heat transfer by convection. For this reason, the present numerical analysis investigates the effects of these two parameters on natural convec...

Due to the energy crisis and pollution problems, investigations have focused on decreasing fuel consumption and lowering the concentration of toxic components in combustion products by using alternative, non-petroleum and non-polluting fuels. While conventional energy sources such as natural gas, oil and coal are non-renewable, alcohol can be coupl...

Recently, most of the researchers focused on provide lower greenhouse gas emissions that emitted from diesel engines by using renewable fuels to be good alternative to the conventional diesel fuel. Ethanol can be derived from renewable sources such as sugar cane, corn, timber and dates. In the current study, the ethanol fuel used in the tests was d...

The fuel combustion in diesel engines can be improved by adding nanomaterials to the fuel which result in an reduction in pollutant emissions and enhance the quality of fuel combustion. The engine performance and soot nanoparticles characteristics were evaluated in this study with adding nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO2) to the rapeseed methyl e...

Dust causes losses in power generated by the PV modules as well as causes an increase in their temperatures. In this study, the photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) module dust heating effect was investigated using a spiral coil using for two PVT water cooling systems. One of the two systems was cleaned periodically (every two weeks) and the second was left...

Recently, high sulfur content in diesel fuel is one of the main problems that have an effect on combustion and emission characteristics. Iraq is one of many countries in the world that use diesel fuel with high sulfur content. Therefore, the partially premixed combustion ignition (PPCI) concept and different blend ratios of gasoline-diesel (GD30, G...

Diesel engines have won attention because they are one of the most important ways to provide people with reassurance, whether through electricity generation or transportation. However, Diesel engines emit many dangerous pollutants that affect health and the environment. To reduce these effects, researchers adopted alternative fuel types of diesel s...

In this article a simple type solar heat storage Trombe wall was built and tested at Baghdad winter. This wall had an area of 0.8281 m2 and facing south, it is consisted of a wooden box covered with clear glass of 3mm thickness, and 18 plastic refill bottles (2.25 liter capacity each) arranged in this box. Many holes are made at the bottom and uppe...

Dust causes losses in power generated by the PV modules as well as causes an increase in their temperatures. In this study, the photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) module dust heating effect was investigated using a spiral coil using for two PVT water cooling systems. One of the two systems was cleaned periodically (every-two weeks) and the second was left...

The development of modern photovoltaic thermal systems (PV/T) is one of the most important steps in the application of using solar energy to produce both electricity and heat. Studies have shown that a system consisting of a heat-collecting tank the is most efficient system, in which the phase change materials (PCMs) are mixed with nanoparticles in...

A photovoltaic/thermal system (PV/T) was investigated experimentally using silicon carbide nanofluid as a cooling fluid. A PV/T system was tested in Oman with 0.5 wt.% of nanoparticles in terms of thermophysical properties, performance parameters, and efficiencies. At 25 °C, it was found that there is an increase in the fluid’s thermal conductivity...

Solar energy and photovoltaic (PV) systems became an essential part of the global energy profile. The PV systems are designed using different configurations such as standalone, grid-connected, and tracking. However, PV systems could be added to other renewable energy systems or nonrenew-able energy systems such as wind turbines and diesel generator...