Minhong Wang

• The University of Hong Kong

This meta-analysis synthesizes research findings on the effects of integrated STEM education implemented in K12 settings. The implementation fell into three categories: (1) adopting integrated STEM education, (2) using extra teaching and learning strategies to enhance integrated STEM education, and (3) using specific learning technologies to suppor...

Content and language integrated learning (CLIL), i.e., learning subject content in a non-native language, has been widely promoted as an innovative way of teaching English as a foreign language. More recently, technology is integrated in CLIL programs. In view of the growing number of studies on technology-enhanced CLIL (TECLIL) and the limitations...

Human resource management (HRM) literature often uses motivational theories to examine how job design motivates employees to manage newly established employee behaviours such as knowledge-hiding. However, the literature finds that whereas job-design characteristics reduce knowledge hiding, others unexpectedly encourage it. By integrating the cost-b...

In the 21st century, the urgent educational demand for cultivating complex skills in vocational training and learning is met with the effectiveness of the four-component instructional design model. Despite its success, research has identified a notable gap in the address of formative assessment, particularly within computer-supported frameworks. Th...

Learning is an integral part of being human. How people learn has long been discussed, revealed in many learning theories, investigated in numerous studies, and demonstrated in extensive practices. The goal of this article is to rethink how people learn from four fundamental perspectives, that is, learning by interaction with content (C), learning...

Background In scientific inquiry learning, students often have difficulties conducting hypothetical reasoning with multiple intertwined variables. Concept maps have a potential to facilitate complex thinking and reasoning. However, there is little investigation into the content of student‐constructed concept maps and its association with inquiry ta...

With the fast development of artificial intelligence and emerging technologies, automatic recognition of students’ facial expressions has received increased attention. Facial expressions are a kind of external manifestation of emotional states. It is important for teachers to assess students’ emotional states and adjust teaching activities accordin...

Among various approaches to teaching and learning English as a foreign language, content and language integrated learning (CLIL), i.e. learning subject content in a non-native language, has received wide attention. Despite its positive effects on language learning, CLIL poses cognitive challenges to learners. To deal with the challenge, prior studi...

Learning analytics dashboards (LADs) are often used to display real-time data indicating student learning trajectories and outcomes. Successful use of LADs requires teachers to orient their dashboard reviews with clear goals, apply appropriate strategies to interpret visualized information on LADs and monitor and evaluate their interpretations to m...

Project-based learning (PjBL) has been increasingly promoted and extended to online environments to enhance the quality of higher education. However, PjBL involves complex processes requiring higher-order thinking skills, which may pose challenges to many students especially in online settings with little prompt support from teachers. The problem m...

This paper presents an empirical study with 150 graduate students at a business school to analyse the educational impact of experiential learning about process-oriented thinking in the classroom versus online learning setting. The results show that both learning settings are effective in increasing student performance but the increase in student pe...

Technological advancements, particularly in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) have played an increasingly important role in transforming education. More recently, groundbreaking AI applications like ChatGPT have demonstrated the potential to bring radical changes to the educational landscape due to their capability to understand complex que...

Teachers’ self-regulated learning (SRL) plays a crucial role in developing technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK), a complex professional skill. It is crucial to identify teachers’ SRL activities that may lead to favorable TPACK. Previous studies have focused on the analysis of individual data sources from self-reported surveys or log...

A large-scale exchange of information between media across national borders is often observed when a global public health emergency occurs. This study investigated the global news citation network in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing the network structure at different levels to identify important nodes and the relationships amon...

Teacher networks and communities have played an important role in teacher professional development. In such contexts, teachers often receive extensive feedback from peers as part of social learning. However, many teachers have difficulty identifying essential information from a large amount of peer feedback, which may impede self-reflection and pee...

Peer feedback is crucial to peer learning among teachers in a lesson study. However, teachers often have difficulties providing high-quality feedback on peer performance, which may influence their engagement in peer feedback practice. It remains unknown how teachers can be guided to provide meaningful instead of general or superficial feedback to o...

Following the success of online communities of practices (Online CoPs) in the business sector for the professional development of employees, the idea of fostering the online cultivation of CoPs in educational institutions for the professional development of faculty members has been researched and practiced. Although this topic has not achieved matu...

Previous studies have revealed the restorative effects of exposure to natural environments on psychological well-being and cognitive performance. Recent studies have reported the effects of exposure to nature sounds (e.g., the sounds of birds, rainfall, and waves) through a mobile application on reducing students’ mental fatigue and improving their...

Project-based learning, in which students engage in meaningful learning with authentic projects and building agency and autonomy for sustainable learning, has been increasingly promoted in higher education. However, completing an authentic project involves a complex process, which may pose challenges to many students, especially low-achievers. This...

Teachers' use of student assessment data to improve teaching practices has received increased attention for quality education. Many factors are found to be crucial to teachers' instructional data use. More recently, the integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education makes student assessment data increasingly accessibl...

This study examined the global media citation network of COVID-19-related news at two stages of the pandemic alert phase, i.e., the national level alert stage and the global level alert stage. The findings reveal that the small-world pattern and scale-free property of media citation networks contributed to the rapid spread of COVID-19-related news...

Creativity and collaboration are considered core competencies of contemporary students in different education levels and disciplines. Existing research mainly focuses on the theoretical framework for computer-supported collaborative learning, and the dialogic content analysis is mainly based on expert annotating. Consequently, there is a vacuum in...

Organizational ambidexterity is a strategic challenge for the contemporary organizations. It involves the simultaneous or synchronous pursuit of two inherently incompatible and conflicting activities – exploitative learning to become efficient in the current business activities, and explorative learning to predict and work on future challenges, opp...

Sustainable learning requires students to develop knowledge and skills for survival in increasingly complex and dynamic environments. The development of systems thinking skills for exploring complex dynamic systems is regarded as crucial to sustainable learning. To facilitate student thinking and learning about complex systems, computer simulations...

In a transition economy, there is an increasing need for vocational training and career counseling for workers to cope with changes in the job market. This study seeks to enhance career guidance services by means of an information and communication technology-based (ICT-based) career information and guidance system. Although electronic learning (e-...

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have been increasingly used to support museum learning by creating engaging and appealing learning experiences. However, there is a lack of meta-analytic reviews of empirical studies in this field. This study reviewed 51 relevant studies to investigate (a) the situations in which AR and VR have been a...

Many university students have been struggling with multiple challenges that may cause mental fatigue. Exposure to the natural environment is found to have restorative effects on mental fatigue, which can be explained by its benefits in physiological, psychological, and cognitive aspects. While the natural environment contains both visual and audito...

Creativity is widely described as a key ‘21st Century skill’. Science education in schools has emphasized the development of science inquiry and problem-solving skills with the support of technology, and paid insufficient attention to creative thinking skills for producing innovative ideas or solutions. This paper presents an exploratory study aimi...

Higher-order thinking is crucial to inquiry learning. It is important to investigate how students think in inquiry contexts. Given the tacit nature of higher-order thinking, cognitive maps (e.g., concept maps, reasoning maps) have been used to externalize thinking and have shown promising effects in terms of improving inquiry task performance. Howe...

The rapid development of information and communication technology (ICT) has been increasingly changing the ways of teaching and learning and teacher development. While the literature shows a proliferation of studies exploring various issues of applying ICT in teacher development and teaching practice, there is a lack of overview of the literature i...

Several studies have reported that adaptivity and personalization in educational computer games facilitate reaching their full educational potential. However, there is little effort to develop adaptive educational computer games for promoting students' computational thinking (CT). In this study, an adaptive computer game is introduced, called AutoT...

A significant amount of educational data mining (EDM) research consider students’ past performance or non-academic factors to build predictive models, paying less attention to students’ activity data. While procrastination has been found as a crucial indicator which negatively affects performance of students, no research has investigated this under...

Educational games have been increasingly used to improve students’ computational thinking. However, most existing games have focused on the theoretical knowledge of computational thinking, ignoring the development of computational thinking skills. Moreover, there is a lack of integration of adaptivity into educational computer games for computation...

Purpose The high turnover rate of knowledge workers presents a challenge to both organizational and personal knowledge management. Although personal knowledge management plays an important role in organizational knowledge management, empirical research on the practices for its application is underdeveloped. This study aims to examine the role of id...

The high-fidelity and interactivity afforded by head-mounted displays (HMD) has a potential to improve learning in problem-solving contexts. However, there is a lack of studies with mixed findings on the efficacy of HMD in the development of problem-solving competence. Moreover, the integration of learning strategies with HMD supported learning is...

Personalized learning has become an important and powerful paradigm catering for various needs, styles, preferences, and modes of learning. Several methods including task recommendations and path planning have recently emerged to effectively implement personalized learning using e-learning systems. The literature shows that the use of task recommen...

Training on creative thinking, in particular divergent thinking has shown promising effects on improving creativity in higher education and organizational contexts. It’s unclear how school students’ scientific creativity can be enhanced through effective training and how individual differences might influence the training effects. This study examin...

Prediction of students' performance has been reported as a vital task which enables educators to take necessary actions to improve students’ learning. Numerous studies have concluded that students with lower procrastination tendencies archive more compared to those with higher procrastination tendencies. In this study, a new method is proposed to p...

Reflection plays an important role in medical students’ ability to develop diagnostic competence through practice with clinical cases. However, it is not easy for students to develop expert-like performance through self-reflection alone; conversely, seeking feedback from experts constantly in practice is impractical. This study investigates the des...

The open learner model (OLM) represents the knowledge or skill levels of learners in various ways, encouraging learners to actively participate in thinking about and crafting their own learning. Despite the important roles that OLMs play in higher education to support the learning process and self-regulated learning (SRL) in particular, there are f...

Differential two-tier HRM structures are characterised by their lower organisational investment (lower training and development and compensations and benefits) in second-tier employees relative to first-tier employees. This discrepancy leads to a conflict between the two tiers and negative attitudes among second-tier employees. From the perspective...

The implementation of Knowledge management (KM) in healthcare has primarily been carried out on the organizational level with a traditional centric approach, whereas, personal knowledge management (PKM), a bottom-up approach which focuses on the knowledge in the knowledge workers' (KWs') minds, is somewhat missing. This study advocates the implemen...

The literature on the knowledge management relatively ignores an important concept, the individual knowledge management engagement-the degree to which a knowledge worker is involved with the knowledge management-related activities. This concept is imperative for nurturing the productivity of knowledge workers, knowledge management architecture effe...

It is widely acknowledged that the acquisition of vocabulary is the foundation of learning English. With the rapid development of information technologies in recent years, e-learning systems have been widely adopted for English as a Second Language (ESL) Learning. However, a limitation of conventional word learning systems is that the prior vocabul...

Despite growing awareness of the importance of incorporating integrated science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) learning into K‐12 education, formal classroom implementation still faces obstacles. Teachers lack the knowledge and skills, especially design‐thinking competence, required to design an interdisciplinary STEM curriculum. T...

Problem-based learning (PBL) has been widely adopted to help students to develop critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving skills as well as improve the construction of knowledge. However, empirical studies indicate that PBL students hardly develop structured knowledge and efficient reasoning strategies because they are not provided wit...

Background: Inquiry-based learning has been widely adopted in educational practice especially in science education. Scaffolding plays an important role in fostering learning in sophisticated inquiry. Meanwhile, it is important not to undermine the open-endedness of inquiry activities and the nature of student-centred learning. Purpose: This study p...

Vocabulary learning is the foundation of language acquisition for second language learners. To assist language learners’ vocabulary learning, this research investigated a personalized task recommendation system based on readability and diversity. A word learning theory, the involvement load hypothesis, has also been applied as the theoretical frame...

Creativity is increasingly considered to be an important goal of education. While creativity can be influenced by many noncognitive factors (eg, personality and motivation), creative thinking remains the most important source of creativity. Creative thinking combines several cognitive processes leading to the generation and selection of new and use...

Project-based learning (PjBL) has been widely promoted in educational practice, for example, computer programming education. While PiBL may help learners to connect abstract knowledge with authentic practice, the complexity of completing an authentic project may overwhelm learners, making them unable to achieve the desired learning outcomes. This s...

Lesson study provides an opportunity for teachers to improve their knowledge and skills of classroom teaching, where a group of teachers collaboratively research, plan, and observe a series of lessons followed by ongoing discussions and reflections. While social interaction between group members plays an important role in collaborative learning con...

Computational thinking (CT), the ability to devise computational solutions for real-life problems, has received growing attention from both educators and researchers. To better improve university students' CT competence, collaborative programming is regarded as an effective learning approach. However, how novice programmers develop CT competence th...

Purpose Knowledge management in the public sector is relatively an ignored avenue of research and practice that has recently been given attention. Knowledge management initiatives in the public sector are now not limited to the developed countries anymore. The public sectors of various developing countries including Pakistan have developed knowledg...

Asian education is known for its examination-driven orientation, with the downsides of distorting the processes of learning and teaching, diminishing students’ interest in learning, and failing to nurture twenty-first century competencies among students. As a group of Asian researchers, we have been developing Interest-Driven Creator (IDC) Theory,...

In a transition economy, there is an increasing need for vocational training and career counseling for workers to cope with changes in the job market. This study seeks to enhance career guidance services by means of an information and communication technology-based (ICT-based) career information and guidance system. Although electronic learning (e-...

This meta-analysis synthesizes research findings on the effects of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) based on its three main elements: (1) the collaboration per se, (2) the use of computers, and (3) the use of extra learning environments or tools, or supporting strategies in CSCL. In this analysis, 425 empirical studies published bet...

Although game‐based learning has been increasingly promoted in education, there is a need to adapt game content to individual needs for personalized learning. Procedural content generation (PCG) offers a solution for difficulty in developing game contents automatically by algorithmic means as it can generate individually customizable game contents...

The use of external representations has a potential to facilitate inquiry learning, especially in hypothesis generation and scientific reasoning, which are typical difficulties encountered by students. This study proposes and investigates the effects of a three-dimensional thinking graph (3DTG) that allows learners to combine in a single image, pro...

Concept mapping has been widely used to foster meaningful learning and support the communication of complex ideas. With a focus on conceptual understanding, traditional concept mapping is found to be inadequate in supporting problem solving particularly in eliciting and representing the complex process of applying knowledge to practice. In this stu...

Effective learning through problem solving is difficult to realize as problem solving often involves complex processes that are inaccessible to novices. It is important to make the complex process visible to novices and provide them with necessary support throughout the tasks. This study proposes a computer-based learning environment that allows le...

Lack of consideration for learners’ perceptions and attitudes toward workplace e-learning applications has been recognized as a key barrier to successful implementation of e-learning initiatives. While integrating the performance-oriented approach to workplace e-learning initiative, there is a need to investigate employees’ acceptance of this techn...

This chapter presents a case study of using the KPI-based approach to establish a performance-oriented e-learning program in a medium-sized company in mainland China. The case study demonstrates how the KPI-based approach to performance-oriented e-learning in the workplace can be established by setting up a KPI model and developing a KPI-based work...

Workplace learning is a complex system consisting of multiple stakeholders, interrelated components, and dynamic and nonlinear relationships among the components. Learning in such contexts tends to become increasingly dynamic, complex, and interdependent, especially in technology-enabled environments. Systems approaches involving systems thinking a...

This chapter summarizes the use of e-learning in organizational practice, the benefits of and barriers to using e-learning in the workplace, and the implications for effective e-learning by integrating technology with pedagogical design, aligning learning with individual needs and organizational goals, conducting relevant assessments to ensure the...

This chapter explores the implementation of a Web-based system for KPI-based learning in the workplace. The details of the system architecture, the implementation of the KPI model with the KPI-based learning ontology, the KPI-based learning process, and the developed system are elaborated. In view of the importance of the KPI-based learning ontolog...

This chapter concludes the monograph by a summary and a look into the future of e-learning in the workplace. While most organizations have recognized the need to promote e-learning in formal and informal training programs, there is a clear need to improve workplace learning from pedagogical, social, managerial, and technological perspectives. More...

Workplace learning is a complex system driven by goal-oriented performance measurement. Learning in the workplace is modeled as goal-oriented individual, social, and organizational processes driven by the goals to improve both individual and organizational performance. Performance measurement is used by organizations as a procedure to improve perfo...

This chapter outlines the emerging technologies for workplace learning and how they are used to support workplace learning in a variety of ways with respect to learning content management systems, social media and social interaction, mobile and ubiquitous learning facilities, computer simulations and immersive virtual reality, educational data mini...

This chapter introduces the basics of workplace learning and outlines its key features and theoretical fundamentals. The differences between school learning and workplace learning are discussed. The multiple nature of learning in the workplace is identified and elaborated from individual, social, and organizational perspectives. Relevant theories t...

While promoting and adopting the performance-oriented approach to workplace e-learning, there is a need to investigate the effects of organizational learning environment on employees’ motivation to use this technology-mediated learning innovation. Organizational environment or culture has been recognized as a key barrier to successful implementatio...

This chapter explores a framework of performance-oriented learning in the workplace based on the conceptualization of workplace learning as a goal-oriented complex system of individual, social, and organizational processes driven by the goals to improve both individual and organizational performance based on relevant performance measures. The frame...

With the proliferation of e-learning in the workplace, the academic and professional literature on workplace e-learning has increased considerably in the past decades. A variety of topics and issues have been explored and discussed in various studies, showing the complex, dynamic, and multidisciplinary nature of the field. This chapter provides a m...

This chapter elaborates the systems thinking and systems modeling approaches for understanding, analyzing, and managing complex systems and the potential of applying these approaches to workplace learning contexts.

This chapter explores a key performance indicator (KPI)-based approach to implementing the framework of performance-oriented workplace e-learning. The key idea lies in a KPI model, where the mission and vision of an organization are translated into a set of key performance targets that drive learning toward the goal to improving individual and orga...

This book analyzes the nature and requirements of workplace e-learning based on relevant theories such as adult learning, community of practice, organizational learning, and the systems thinking. By integrating considerations on organization, pedagogy and technology, a performance-oriented e-learning framework is then presented, where performance m...

Abstract This study proposes a novel research model to investigate the neglected and pivotal mediating role of knowledge-worker productivity between knowledge management processes (knowledge generation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application) and innovation. The data were collected from the 369 knowledge workers in the IT sector of Pakistan a...

Games with educational purposes usually follow a computer-assisted instruction concept that is predefined and rigid, offering no adaptability to each student. To overcome such problem, some ideas from Intelligent Tutoring Systems have been used in educational games such as teaching introductory programming. The objective of this study was to advanc...

Concept mapping has been employed as a promising tool to facilitate group learning and interaction mainly in the classroom. Computer- and web-based applications provide plenty of opportunities to extend concept mapping mediated group learning to online environments. Nevertheless, the effects of concept mapping on group learning and interaction may...

Project-based learning (PjBL) is a promising approach for supporting learning of computer programming by addressing the gap between the attainment of abstract knowledge and the application of this knowledge to authentic programming tasks. The World Wide Web has considerable potential to expand and improve PjBL environments. However, making implicit...

There are many misconceptions about academic writing and publishing that sometimes inhibit or intimidate educational researchers. One misconception is that academic writing should reflect the complexity of challenging scholarly research. As it happens, a complex writing style can detract from the comprehensibility of a manuscript. It is possible to...

The use of external representations has the potential to facilitate inquiry learning, especially hypothesis generation and reasoning, which typically present difficulties for students. This study describes a novel three-dimensional cognitive mapping (3DCM) approach that supports inquiry learning by allowing learners to combine the information on a...

With limited problem-solving capability and practical experience, novices have difficulties developing expert-like performance. It is important to make the complex problem-solving process visible to learners and provide them with necessary help throughout the process. This study explores the design and effects of a model-based learning approach imp...

Project-based learning (PjBL) has been increasingly used to connect abstract knowledge and authentic tasks in educational practice, including computer programming education. Despite its promising effects on improving learning in multiple aspects, PjBL remains a struggle due to its complexity. Completing an authentic programming project involves a c...

Background Practical experience with clinical cases has played an important role in supporting the learning of clinical reasoning. However, learning through practical experience involves complex processes difficult to be captured by students. This study aimed to examine the effects of a computer-based cognitive-mapping approach that helps students...

This special issue is devoted to novel models and technologies as well as current methodical approaches and best practices in the field of Open Learning and Open Education as enablers of personal growth, social inclusion, open innovation, and sustainable economic development in the challenging conditions of globalization and world-wide competition...