Mina A Khoei

Institut de la Vision, Pierre and Marie Curie University - Paris 6 · Vision and Natural Computation

Vision restoration is an ideal medical application for optogenetics, because the eye provides direct optical access to the retina for stimulation. Optogenetic therapy could be used for diseases involving photoreceptor degeneration, such as retinitis pigmentosa or age-related macular degeneration. We describe here the selection, in non-human primate...

Restoring vision using optogenetics is an ideal medical application because the eye offers a direct window to access and stimulate the pathological area: the retina. Optogenetic therapy could be applied to diseases with photoreceptor degeneration such as retinitis pigmentosa. Here, we select the specific optogenetic construct that is now used in th...

We present a novel computing architecture which combines the event-based and compute-in-network principles of neuromorphic computing with a traditional dataflow architecture. The result is a fine-grained dynamic dataflow system which avoids the coding issues intrinsic to spiking systems, and is suitable for both procedural workload and deep neural...

Biological neurons are known to have sparse and asynchronous communications using spikes. Despite our incomplete understanding of processing strategies of the brain, its low energy consumption in fulfilling delicate tasks suggests the existence of energy efficient mechanisms. Inspired by these key factors, we introduce SpArNet, a bio-inspired quant...

Retinal dystrophies and age-related macular degeneration related to photoreceptor degeneration can cause blindness. In blind patients, although the electrical activation of the residual retinal circuit can provide useful artificial visual perception, the resolutions of current retinal prostheses have been limited either by large electrodes or small...

Inference of Deep Neural Networks for stream signal (Video/Audio) processing in edge devices is still challenging. Unlike most state of the art inference engines which are efficient for static signals, our brain is optimized for real-time dynamic signal processing. We believe one important feature of the brain (asynchronous state-full processing) i...

In this work, we propose a two-layered descriptive model for motion processing from retina to the cortex, with an event-based input from the asynchronous time-based image sensor (ATIS) camera. Spatial and spatiotemporal filtering of visual scenes by motion energy detectors has been implemented in two steps in a simple layer of a lateral geniculate...

Although neural responses with a millisecond precision were reported in the retina, lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of multiple species, the presence and role of such a fine temporal structure is still debated at the cortical level and the general belief remains that early visual system encodes information at slower timescales. In this...

Due to its inherent neural delays, the visual system has an outdated access to sensory information about the current position of moving objects. In contrast, living organisms are remarkably able to track and intercept moving objects under a large range of challenging environmental conditions. Physiological, behavioral and psychophysical evidences s...

Coding the position of moving objects is an essential ability of the visual system in fulfilling precise and robust tracking tasks. In daily vision, low contrast conditions introduce sensory noise and transient interruptions or occlusions may temporally block the sensory flow. Moreover, due to neural delays, the visual system has a retarded access...

The flash lag effect (FLE) is a well known visual illusion that reveals the perceptual difference in position coding of moving and stationary flashed objects. It has been reproduced experimentally in retina and V1 along with some relevant evidences about motion based position coding in areas MT and MT+. Numerous hypotheses for mechanisms underlying...

As it is confronted to inherent neural delays, how does the visual system create a coherent representation of a rapidly changing environment? In this paper, we investigate the role of motion-based prediction in estimating motion trajectories compensating for delayed information sampling. In particular, we investigate how anisotropic diffusion of in...

During normal viewing, the continuous stream of visual input is regularly interrupted, for instance by blinks of the eye. Despite these frequents blanks (that is the transient absence of a raw sensory source), the visual system is most often able to maintain a continuous representation of motion. For instance, it maintains the movement of the eye s...

It is still unclear how information collected locally by low-level sensory neurons may give rise to a coherent global percept. This is well demonstrated in the aperture problem both in visual or haptic senses. Experimental findings on its biological solution in area MT show that local motion measures are integrated to see the dynamical emergence of...

Nowadays, Speaker Recognition Systems have shown their growing importance and efficiency in many applications. But the state of art ones, usually utilize the features that are directly extracted from speech signal which carries all information about the answers of following questions: "what is said?" and "who is speaking?". As the ultimate speech i...

This paper investigates using cellular automata (CA) as a modeling tool for data propagation in Ganglion Cells of retina. Ganglion Cells have different kinds that any of them is responsible for a portion of our visual perception. Particularly, direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) which make us to percept the movement direction of any object i...