Milan ŠčasnýCharles University in Prague | CUNI · Environment Centre
Milan Ščasný
Dr.
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126
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (126)
The production and consumption of plastic bottled water have several negative environmental impacts worldwide. To identify the barriers and motivations for drinking tap and bottled water, we conducted a nationally representative questionnaire survey among 3411 respondents in the Czech Republic in 2022. People aged 18–34 are moderate consumers of bo...
Forests are vital for outdoor recreation, benefiting mental, physical, and social well-being. While the importance of forest structure in supporting biodiversity and material ecosystem functions is well-documented, research on its relationship with non-material contributions to people remains limited, and there is a lack of robust indicators for th...
The production and consumption of plastic bottled water have several negative environmental impacts worldwide. The EU countries have adopted strategies and programs to reduce single-use plastics, including PET bottles. A key aspect of designing effective policies is understanding consumer behaviour. To identify barriers and motivations for drinking...
The production and consumption of plastic bottled water have several negative environmental impacts worldwide. The EU countries have adopted strategies and programs to reduce single-use plastics (e.g. PET bottles). A critical aspect of designing effective policies is understanding consumer behaviour. To identify barriers and motivations for consumi...
We conduct a contingent valuation survey in Spain and the UK to elicit information about the Willingness to Pay (WTP) for heat wave watch and response programs. We find that people are willing to pay for such programs, and that the WTP (€ 50 for each of 10 years; 2019 PPP euro) is virtually the same across the two countries and across respondents t...
Current research aims to investigate the experts' opinions on the key factors (KFs) influencing the intention to use smart hybrid electric vehicles (SHEV). The objective is to systematically compile the psychological, social, and cultural attributes and present a comprehensive taxonomy of these key factors. The study employs a content analysis appr...
Energy efficiency is a key component of sustainable and inclusive growth for African countries. However, the informal economy which is prevalent in Africa, affects the continent’s energy efficiency performance. This study therefore investigates the asymmetry in the nexus between the informal economy and energy efficiency. The study employs data on...
Forests are a potentially carbon-negative energy source and function as carbon sinks. However, both of these functions have become threatened significantly by spruce bark beetle infestation in Czechia. This paper assesses how this ecological issue may affect the future energy mix, and in the process, affect carbon emission reduction targets and the...
We conduct a contingent valuation survey in Spain and the UK to elicit information about the WTP for heat wave watch and response programs. We find that people are willing to pay for such programs, and that the WTP (€ 50 for each of 10 years; 2019 PPP euro) is virtually the same across the two countries and across respondents that received two alte...
Forest biomass is one of the most significant renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic. Recently, Czech forests have been under attack by spruce bark beetles, threatening the stability of biomass supply also for energy purposes. The goal of this paper is to uncover the impact of four different biomass development scenarios and three policies...
There is ample evidence that exposure to various chemicals can increase the probability of children to be born with low or very low birth weight. Infants born with very low birth weight have a higher risk of suffering from neurosensory problems, issues related to behavioural and social competencies, and learning disabilities than infants born with...
The potential output of photovoltaic (PV) panels is influenced by several factors, including the direction of solar radiation from the sun toward the panel’s surface. The maximum output of the panels is obtained when the panels are vertical to the sun's rays. In this study, a techno-economic analysis is conducted to examine whether an automatic one...
The European Green Deal declares climate neutrality as a goal for the year 2050. It establishes an EU binding target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55 percent by 2030 compared to 1990. The market, through the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, will determine how EU member states contribute to this target. The Effort Sharing Regulation defines bind...
The Green Deal for Europe aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 and sets a binding EU target of a 55% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. The contributions of EU Member States to this target will be partly determined by the market through the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. For the remaining part of greenhouse g...
Regulatory impact analyses of proposed environmental, occupational, and consumer product safety regulations often rely on a metric known as the Value per Statistical Case of Cancer (VSCC), that is, the public’s willingness to pay (WTP) for reductions in the risk of developing cancer. In this paper, we ask whether the VSCC depends on cancer survival...
It is a common practice in many cultures to use cannabis as a casual leisure activity, particularly for socialization and entertainment in North America and Europe. This study examines the daily use of cannabis and its connection to entertainment and socialization. The research surveyed young adults in Germany utilizing an online survey and evaluat...
Most of the previous research examined the demand for alcohol consumed at the off-trade (consumed at home). However, some consumers might prefer to consume alcohol on-trade (away from home) or switch between on-trade and off-trade consumption as a reaction to price or income change. We estimate the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System consisting of...
We present a novel methodology to integrate heterogeneous micro-founded preferences into a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. This integrated model is linked to a bottom-up technology-rich electricity model and a stock-flow vehicle accounting model to quantify the social costs of electric vehicles as an endogenous, demand-driven abatemen...
Consumers often struggle to grasp complicated pricing plans, including increasing block rate (IBR) schemes, which have been used for decades by utilities in many parts of the world. The assumption that they encourage conservation has, however, recently been challenged (Ito, 2014). We take advantage of the unique IBR tariffs for electricity in the R...
Past research has described positive associations between exposure to urban greenspaces and people's physical activity. However, there is variation in the relationship since it may differ according to the type of physical activity, socio-economic factors and use, as well as intrinsic characteristics of greenspaces. This study assesses the influence...
Forests play a fundamental role in the economy, in climate change mitigation and in halting the loss of biodiversity. The economic value of goods and services provided to the societies by forests, including forest-based recreation, is highly dependent on the way in which forests are managed. On a European scale, forests are diverse and managed in m...
In index decomposition analysis, it is common to decompose changes in energy-related CO2 emissions to give the effects of five contributing factors. However, it is extremely challenging to derive the equivalent air pollutant emission coefficient by fuel type for air pollutants. As a result, air pollutant emissions have typically been decomposed int...
People who do not eat enough fruit and vegetables (F&V) have incremental health risks. Most Europeans do not comply with health recommendations relating to F&V consumption and this is especially true for those with lower-level education, which reinforces structural inequalities in health and wellbeing among Europeans. This study investigated the ro...
The South African wine industry has recently launched the world’s first ‘no sulphite added’ wine made from indigenous Rooibos & Honeybush toasted wood chips. This wood chip contains antioxidant properties known to protect wine from oxidation. On the other hand, SO2 as a preservative, is often perceived by wine consumers as causing headaches and mig...
This paper contributes to residential water demand literature by providing price and income elasticity estimates for a country which has undergone deep structural, institutional and economic changes. We analyse short‐run and long‐run residential water demand using household‐level data for the Czech Republic for the period of 1993–2016, during which...
Using the data from an original survey, we analyse energy use patterns and, in particular, energy use for cooking in households from Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia. Cooking is the main energy-related activity on which households spend money. This expenditure represents 89% of total energy expenditure and a fifth of a household's total budget. Expe...
We assess the reliability and validity of estimates of the Value per Statistical Life (VSL) from contingent valuation by administering the same contingent valuation (CV) questionnaire on samples drawn from the population of the Czech Republic five years apart. We use a novel approach in eliciting the WTP for cancer mortality risk reduction, in that...
The homogeneity assumption, inherent to input–output (IO) analysis, implies that every euro spent within one product group is assigned the same environmental burden. We address this assumption applied to price conversion of household expenditures from purchasers’ to basic prices when the carbon footprint of consumption is calculated for specific ho...
Human consumption and activity are damaging the global ecosystem and the resources on which we rely for health, well-being and survival. The COVID-19 crisis is yet another manifestation of the urgent need to transition to more sustainable societies, further exposing the weaknesses in health systems and the injustice in our societies. It also underl...
Despite its importance for policy purposes, evidence about the price elasticity of natural gas demand in the residential sector is very limited and based on inference from situations with modest variation in prices. We focus on a locale and time when price changes were extreme and salient to consumers, namely Ukraine between 2013 and 2017. We explo...
The aim of this paper is to understand public preferences for several future scenarios of achieving a healthier, more equitable and sustainable Europe, which differ in the way the society is organized (individualistically vs. collectively) and in the driving sector (public vs. private). To achieve this aim, we conducted a questionnaire survey using...
Current mobility patterns over-rely on transport modes that do not benefit sustainable and healthy lifestyles. To explore the potential for active mobility, we conducted a randomized experiment aimed at increasing regular commuter cycling in cities. In designing the experiment, we teamed up with developers of the “Cyclers” smartphone app to improve...
Genebanks are places where crop varieties are stored, catalogued, and made available for redistribution so that their genetic diversity is not lost. Besides conserving cultivated crop diversity, some genebanks also conserve the wild relatives of crops, which can contain useful traits not present in the domesticated genepool, and can undertake other...
The world’s challenges of climate change, damage to ecosystems, and social and health inequalities require changes in human behaviours at every level of organisation, among governments, business, communities, and individuals. An important question is how behaviour change can be enabled and supported at the scale and speed required. The research rep...
This study examines the role of childhood experience in forest recreational practices at adulthood. It investigates the effect of visitation frequency and type of settlement during childhood on frequency of visits at adulthood and analyses variations in nine European countries including Austria, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, France...
Dostupné z:
https://energetika.tzb-info.cz/energeticka-politika/19010-rozvoj-trhu-s-elektromobily-v-ceske-republice-verejna-podpora-a-zkusenosti-ze-zahranici
Research on policy support or public acceptability of climate change policies is proliferating. There is, however, a great diversity in how these evaluative responses have been defined, operationalized, and measured across studies. In order to shed some light on this subject, we reviewed 118 studies published over the last 15 years aiming at measur...
Poland aims at stimulating the market to reach a target of 50,000 plug-in and battery electric vehicles by 2020. However, as in other Eastern European countries, the market penetration stays very low. In Poland, there were only 475 battery electric vehicles and 514 plug-in electric vehicles registered in 2017. To identify effective support measures...
The use of diverse genetic resources to breed improved crop varieties has been a key driver of agricultural productivity improvements in the past century. At the same time, the adoption of modern varieties has contributed to substantial loss of traditional varieties. In this analysis, we estimate the social value provided by several proposed crop d...
This INHERIT Five-Country Survey Report examines the attitudes, preferences and behaviours of inhabitants from five European countries related to food consumption, physical activity and energy efficient housing. It is based on nationally representative questionnaire surveys conducted in the Czech Republic, Latvia, Portugal, Spain, and the United Ki...
We analyse the separate and collective impacts of emissions taxation to understand the internalisation effects of externalities. The analysis is carried out using a static computable general equilibrium model, with unemployment, bottom-up abatement technologies represented by a step function, and detailed emission coefficients. Environmental and he...
We use stated preference methods to investigate the public's preferences for decarbonization policies. We ask three research questions. First, does the willingness to pay (WTP) for each ton of CO2 emissions reductions depend on the policies and on individual characteristics of the respondents? Second, how extensive is the variation associated with...
The need for analysis and action across the interrelated domains of human behaviors and lifestyles, environmental sustainability, health and inequality is increasingly apparent. Currently, these areas are often not considered in conjunction when developing policies or interventions, introducing the potential for suboptimal or conflicting outcomes....
We quantify direct and indirect emissions resulting from Czech household consumption contributing to climate change, acidification and smog formation. We develop a hybrid environmentally extended input–output model that links the single-region input–output analysis on domestic processes with a multiregional input–output analysis to derive the indir...
In response to massive destruction of the landscape and significant air pollution due to brown coal mining and usage, in 1991 the Czech Government set territorial limits for brown coal mining in the North Bohemia coal basin (the ‘Territorial Environmental Limits’). In 2015, however, this 24-year-old prohibition was lifted at one of two open pit min...
Concerns about climate change are growing, and so is the demand for information about the costs and benefits of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This paper seeks to estimate the benefits of climate change mitigation, as measured by the public's willingness to pay for such policies. We investigate the preferences of Italian and Czech households...
In 2015, a 24-year-long prohibition of coal mining within some territories in the North Bohemia coal basin was lifted and as a consequence mining a part of the brown coal reserves might well be resumed. This paper analyses the impacts of maintaining the ban versus three options for a less environmentally stringent policy on the Czech energy system;...
We use stated-preference methods to estimate the cancer Value per Statistical Life (VSL) and Value per Statistical Case (VSCC) from a representative sample of 45-60-year olds in four countries in Europe. We ask respondents to report information about their willingness to pay for health risk reductions that are different from those used in earlier v...
An allocation of emissions from industries to product groups is an inevitable step, wherever the embodied emissions (or energy) of products are calculated with the environmentally extended input-output analysis. Within this paper, we suggest and explain steps for the improvement of commonly used techniques.
First, we explain why the widely applied...
Background
Monetized environmental health impact assessments help to better evaluate the environmental burden of a wide range of economic activities. Apart from the limitations and uncertainties in physical and biological science used in such assessments, assumptions taken from economic valuation may also substantially influence subsequent policy-m...
Our study examines public acceptability of the EU’s future mitigation targets. Using the discrete choice
experiment, we elicit the preferences of about 4,098 respondents from the Czech Republic, Poland, and
the United Kingdom for the GHG emission reduction policies that differ in four attributes: emission
reduction target, burden sharing across the...
Studie shrnuje výsledky dotazníkového šetření v České republice, Polsku a ve
Velké Británii zaměřeného na preference obyvatel těchto zemí pro různé klimatické politiky a ochotu za ně platit.
Public acceptability of climate change mitigation policies: discrete choice experiments in three European countries
Multiple pathways in which environmental hazards may affect human health translate to diversity of adverse impacts of impaired health on human welfare. Impaired health may in turn directly affect production or consumption opportunities at individual, household as well as societal level. While at a methodological level the channels of economic effec...
In 2013–2015, a consortium of European scientists – NEWDANUBE – was established to prepare a birth cohort in the Danube region, including most of the countries with the highest air pollution in Europe, the area being one-fifth of the European Union’s (EU’s) territory, including 14 countries (nine EU member states), over 100 million inhabitants, wit...
A dynamic partial equilibrium model, TIMES ( The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System), is built to optimize the energy system in a post-transition European country, the Czech Republic. The impacts of overall nine scenarios on installed capacity, capital and fuel costs, air quality pollutant emission, emission of CO2 and environmental and health damage ar...
The study aims at integral evaluation of biodiversity change in the Czech Republic in the period of transition (years 1990-2006). The analysis is composed of several steps. Using CORINE Land Cover data and the concept of Mean Species Abundance index, we link the assessment of land cover changes to predicted biodiversity levels. Further, the develop...
This paper presents economic benefit estimates of air quality improvements in Europe that occur as a side effect of GHG emission reductions. We consider two climate policy scenarios from two representative concentration pathways (RCPs), in which radiative forcing levels are reached in 2100. The policy tool is a global uniform tax on all GHG emissio...
This policy report synthesises the evidence base on the costs and benefits of adaptation. It draws on the research, analysis and review of the ECONADAPT project, funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme. The key messages are summarised below.
• The knowledge base on the costs and benefits of adaptation has evolved significantly in...
The primary objective of this stated-preference study was to estimate willingness to pay to avoid selected adverse human health outcomes due to exposure to chemicals in the European Union and to derive representative EU-wide benefit estimates reference values that the ECHA and other bodies can use when carrying out socio-economic analyses or health...
Climate politics cannot be successful unless a majority of various groups of people support climate policies. Public resistance and related reluctance among politicians to pursue unpopular policies are factors that can inhibit the successful implementation of climate policies. This report therefore analysis factors that affect public acceptability...