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January 2001 - December 2014
Publications
Publications (181)
The forest-based sector plays a significant role in supporting Europe on its pathway towards a more integrated and bio-based circular economy. Beyond the supply of timber, forest ecosystems offer a wide range of products and services beneficial to human wellbeing. Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) play an integral role in provisioning forest ecosyst...
Forest subsidies are widely used to achieve policy objectives aimed at maintaining and supporting the provision of the various ecosystem services provided by forests. In the European Union, an important instrument is the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) within the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), but countries also hav...
Almost 95% of the area in Norway is wilderness and 38% of the land area is covered by woods. These areas are abundant in valuable renewable resources, including wild berries. In our neighbouring countries, Sweden and Finland, wild berries are already a big industry. At the same time, on the market the Norwegian wild berries are almost non-existent...
The societal demands on forest management are becoming increasingly diverse, which will be reflected in decisions made by forest owners. We examined the willingness of private forest owners in Austria, Finland, Germany, Slovenia, and Sweden to participate in a contract-based payment scheme in which they were asked to apply a specific management str...
Environmental management problems are often portfolio problems where the task is to find a set of actions that meets different objectives (e.g., the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions) and constraints (e.g., costs). We report experiences from deploying multiple operations research (OR) methods in a real decision-making setting and discuss the in...
Metsistä saatavia luonnonvaroja liiketoiminnassaan hyödyntävien yritysten rooli on Suomessa merkittävä sekä maaseutualueiden elinvoimaisuuden että luonnonvarojen kestävän käytön kannalta. Etenkin pienillä yrityksillä keskinäinen yhteistyö ja kumppanuusverkostot ovat tärkeitä kannattavuutta ja innovointia mahdollistavia tekijöitä. Tässä tutkimuksess...
The sap yield of birches ( Roth and Ehrh.) was modelled as a function of tree diameter (girth) at breast height, as well as site and stand characteristics measured and reported by citizen scientists representing mainly non-industrial private forest owners in the South Savo, North Karelia, and Northern Ostrobothnia regions in Finland. Birches (tree...
Määräaikaisia kymmenen vuoden metsätalouden ympäristötukisopimuksia on tehty vuodesta 2004. Metsäluonnon monimuotoisuuden turvaamiskeinojen vaikuttavuutta ja kehitystyötä ajatellen on tärkeää tietää, kuinka suuri osuus erääntyneistä sopimuksista on jäänyt uusimatta sekä mistä syystä ja mitä sopimusalueilla on sen jälkeen tapahtunut. Ajanjaksolla 20...
Forests are sources of multiple ecosystem services (ESs) essential for human wellbeing. Forest owners are critical actors to decide which benefits they produce from their forests. To support the uptake of alternative forest management strategies in a way that is beneficial from the perspective of society as whole, new incentive schemes could be imp...
Inonotus obliquus is a pathogenic fungus-known as chaga in Asia and Russia and pakuri in Finland-that grows on broadleaves. Its sterile conks are used as an active ingredient in traditional healthcare products. Due to the higher value of pakuri than the tree it grows on, the cultivation of I. obliquus on living trees is expected to generate new and...
Selvityksessä tuotettiin taustatietoa, jotta Suomi voi tehokkaasti osallistua muun muassa EU:n biodiversiteettistrategian 2030 yksityiskohtien ja toimeenpanon suunnitteluun, ja jotta strategian tavoitteet voidaan huomioida Suomen kansallisen biodiversiteettistrategian suunnittelussa. Työssä tarkasteltiin Suomen lähtötilannetta strategian sisältämie...
Purpose of Review
The increased popularity and commercial use of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) calls for the development of models for NTFPs to include their predicted yields in forest management planning and to evaluate the potential of multi-functional forest management. This study assesses and discusses the current state of the art and tren...
COVID-19-pandemian vaikutukset näkyvät globaalisti vielä pitkään 2020-luvulla. Tässä selvityksessä tarkastellaan, millaisia vaikutuksia vaihtoehtoisissa tulevaisuutta kuvaavissa kehityksissä kohdistuu metsäsektorille, luontoon perustuvaan matkailu- ja luonnontuotealaan sekä maa-, elintarvike- ja kalatalouteen 2020-luvulla. Selvityksen arviot perust...
Peatlands provide habitats for many species and a variety of ecosystem services worldwide. In this study we used an integrated biophysical-economic modeling approach with multi-objective optimization to investigate how alternative land-use and land-management (LULM) options jointly affect economic returns from marketed (timber, energy peat, restora...
This study aims to present a holistic image of the strategic development needs and potential solutions within the Finnish non-timber forest product (NTFP) business sector and demonstrate a new hybrid methodology for collaborative strategy formulation. The perceived challenges and solutions were collected with the 635 group-working method in a natio...
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-326-943-9
Tämä raportti taustoittaa Pohjois-Karjalan ja Kiinan välistä puutuotealan tuotteiden ja luon-nontuotteiden (erityisesti sienien ja marjojen) kauppaa sekä luontomatkailun nykytilaa. Raportti luo tilannekuvaa ja toimii esiselvityksenä sille, miten metsäbiotalouden yhteistyötä ja kaup...
This study demonstrates the characteristics of the new generic project portfolio selection tool YODA (“Your Own Decision Aid”). YODA does not include a mathematical aggregation model. Instead, the decision maker’s preferences are defined by the interactive articulation of acceptance thresholds of project-level decision criteria. Transparency and ea...
Although nature-based tourism is increasingly recognized in forest strategies, economic incentives for private landowners supporting the production of amenity values are largely lacking. This study focused on possibilities to enhance the scenic and recreational values of private forests for nature-based tourism in Finland. More specifically, we stu...
Adoption of a new land-use governance system requires acceptance from involved actors. We present a payments for ecosystem services (PES) design process with multi-criteria analysis (MCA) based evaluation of alternatives within a nature-based tourism area in northern Finland. The tourism activities are located on private lands, which are mainly man...
While the quest for multiple, diversified benefit from forests is widely accepted, service offerings for family forest owners have been limited, mainly focusing on wood production related services. Consequently, new services truly focusing on other uses of forests are rare. However, there are several emerging forest uses that demand new kinds of se...
Non-wood forest Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) have often-underestimated economic potential, particularly for family forest owners. Their role and value, however, is changing in the global West and so are the business opportunities and innovation need associated with them. Focusing on industrialized countries, this chapter gives an overview of th...
NWFPs show a variety of connections to the concept of smart, inclusive development in a bioeconomy. However, there is no substantial body of evidence that comprehensively considers NWFPs in the context of a bioeconomy. Based on the knowledge collected in this report, this chapter describes a few examples of the contribution of NWFPs as a basis for...
The set of C&I, including 13 sub-criteria and 48 indicators, was defined based on earlier research. As a case study, the developed set of C&I was tested with four bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) supply chains.
Although it is logical to think that mycorrhizal mushroom production should be somehow related to the growth of the trees from which the fungi obtain carbohydrates, little is known about how mushroom yield patterns are related to tree performance. In this study, we delved into the understanding of the relationships between aboveground fungal produc...
Finnish non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are valued on the national and international markets. Yet, the annual marketed quantities vary considerably, causing instability in supply chains. Thus, climatic and economic factors affecting the annually aggregated supply of top-marketed mushrooms (ceps, milk caps, and chanterelle) and berries (bilberry,...
Creating common ground among research groups is a prerequisite for scientifically sound case study research, especially in multi-national and multi-disciplinary research projects. Therefore, this paper proposes a new procedure for case study selection: stochastic cognitive mapping (sCM). sCM complements the previously illustrated conceptual content...
The global growth of the consumption of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) is evident due to the current trends in lifestyle and consumption. Alongside the increased popularity and commercial use of NWFPs, their yields are also more often taken into account in forest management planning. Empirical yield models recently developed for different NWFPs e...
Predictive models for mushroom yield allow for forecasting fungal production for different guilds and species and further understanding their dynamics. We studied the relationships between forest growth by means of tree ring features (e.g. latewood –LW hereafter– width), climate conditions and mushroom yield across Europe in order to contribute to...
In many areas, picking wild berries constitutes an important forest commodity offering food, recreational services and revenues. Intensified forest management has negatively affected bilberry yields. In this study, regional-level scenario analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of four approaches to the inclusion of bilberry yields on th...
There is a notable potential for utilizing marketed mushrooms in Finnish forests. The most marketed mushrooms in Finland are Boletus edulis and Lactarius spp. To improve preconditions for the use of this potential the stand management was optimized separately for joint production of (1) timber and B. edulis, (2) timber and Lactarius spp. and (3) ti...
Common to multi-objective forest planning situations is that they all require comparisons, searches and evaluation among decision alternatives. Through these actions, the decision maker can learn from the information presented and thus make well-justified decisions. Interactive data visualization is an evolving approach that supports learning and d...
http://iufro2017.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AbstractIUFRO17_III.pdf
With the advent of the European bioeconomy and a shift in lifestyle among European citizens, non-wood forest products (NWFPs) are given more attention in the public debate. Their potential to strengthen the economic viability of rural economies appears to be high, particularly in regions where wood is not the most profitable forest product. However...
http://www.fao.org/forestry/nwfp/93068/en/
This paper evaluates the potentials of landscape and recreational values trading (LRVT), a system of payments for ecosystem services, as a vehicle to simultaneously preserve recreational environments for the nature-based tourism business and enhance welfare in rural communities. Ruka-Kuusamo in northeastern Finland serves as a case region for the e...
Metsäpalveluiden toimintaympäristö ja palveluiden tarjonta ovat viime vuosina muuttuneet merkittävästi. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin päijäthämäläisten ja pohjoiskarjalaisten metsänomistajien tarpeita ja vaatimuksia metsäomaisuuden hoidon kokonaispalvelulle. Tarkastelun kohteena oli erityisesti metsänvuokraus, jota verrattiin metsäomaisuuden ho...
The study describes how qualitative stakeholder feedback can be used in quantitative scenarios to simulate forest resource use under alternative management objectives. In earlier studies in the region of eastern Finland, stakeholders did not see a possible conflict between increased bioenergy use and nature conservation; this finding is contrary to...
The aims of this study were two-fold: to provide decision aid for a practical bioeconomy research, development and innovation (RDI) and education challenge, and to elaborate hybrid strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) methodologies for providing tangible suggestions as to strategic choices to alleviate the challenge. Scientifically,...
In Finland, right to pick berries and mushrooms from forests is important from recreational perspective. In addition, berries and mushrooms are commonly used in households and large amounts of berries are also sold in markets. Development of berry yields is therefore important from economic and socio‐cultural perspectives. Forest management has an...
In Finland the picking of berries and mushrooms from the private land, regardless of background of a picker or the purpose of picking, is allowed by the Everyman’s rights. During the past decade the commercial berry picking has become more organized and alienated from the local traditional picking habits. The predicted increase of commercial berry...
Poster presented at the International conference on Wild Forest Products in Europe (Star Tree Final conference)
Compiling forest policy at national and sub-national levels is a participatory activity that aims to achieve balance between multiple forest-use alternatives. In Finland the effectiveness and acceptability of regional forest programmes has been doubted. The quest for collaboration among stakeholders towards consensus and commitment may be improved...
Annual production of wild mushroom varies considerably due to different factors. The prevailing weather – rainfall and temperature – is one of the key factors, but for example watering for promoting mushrooms is infeasible. Also, local site characteristics such as elevation, aspect, soil type and site quality are mostly uncontrollable. On the other...
Northern wild bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) and cowberries (V. vitis-idaea) are increasingly demanded, and forest owners are interested in their contribution to the total income obtained from the forest. In this study, bilberry and cowberry yield models were included in a stand growth simulator and the joint production of timber and berries was...
The production of non-wood forest products (NWFP) can be positively affected by silvicultural practice;
a revision of current silvicultural practice can influence increased yields of both direct and indirect
NWFP. This document aims to provide an overview of selected management systems employed for the
production of NWFP in Europe.
Suurmittakaavainen kaupallinen marjanpoiminta on aiheuttanut ristiriitatilanteita ja johtanut julkiseen keskusteluun jokamiehenoikeuksista. Organisoidun kaupallisen marjan- ja sienenpoiminnan laajentuminen sekä satojen vuotuinen vaihtelu antavat syyn ennakoida, että kaupallista poimintaa tullaan harjoittamaan yhä enemmän myös yksityismetsissä. Tutk...
Decision support systems (DSSs) help decision makers such as forest owners and forestry professionals when they are making forest management decisions at stand, FMU and regional levels. Solution from DSSs is a recommendation how to manage forest and it also includes measures that describe the outcomes of certain management regime. Until now, the ro...
The paper sets out to examine the characteristics of support for innovation processes in Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFP). The typical enterprises and start-ups which emerge in this sector tend to be small-scale and family owned. We claim that there is a large unused potential for NWFP to support rural development and increase incomes of land owners...
The idea in using Multiple Criteria Decision Support (MCDS) and voting methods within a SWOTframework is to evaluate systematically the SWOT factors, and to assess them with respect to theirpriorities. The MCDS method applied initially, and most often, with SWOT has been the AnalyticHierarchy Process (AHP), and the hybrid AHP-SWOT approach has been...
Models estimated for non-wood forest products (NWFPs) are used to support the multi-objective use of forest and related decision making in various ways. In Finland, bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) and cowberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) are among the most important NWFPs, and yield models for them have been estimated and linked into forest simulato...
The report provides an overview of the research activities of the overall COOL project.
The research project was divided into three work packages. The goals and methodologies
of the particular work packages are described in chapter 2.
Chapter 3 summarises European policies for forest-based bioenergy and is based on
a Technical Report (Ferranti, 201...
The deliverable identify the improvements developed or needed to be developped in order to overcome the possible weaknesses of different MPT and NWFP models. The main body of the deliverable is structured in two chapters. The first part (chapter 2) is focused on those existing models that already present a high degree of development and that were a...
In a typical decision-making process, preference elicitation methods require a priori knowledge about the desired outcomes. It is expected that the decision maker (DM) has a rough idea of the alternatives or the production possibilities, and has a relatively clear idea of his/her preferences regarding the decision. For those DMs who do not have thi...
Boletus edulis yields were inventoried during 2010–2014 and stand characteristics measured from 56 sample plots in planted spruce stands. The annual yields were predicted using a non-linear mixed-effect modeling. Stand characteristics and climatic factors were used as predictors. In simulations, B. edulis yields were predicted along the development...
Background
In the last decade, the demand for and supply of energy wood from forests has increased, and experts expect a further increase in the future due to political and societal changes. The objective of this paper was to provide a qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ perceptions of current and future trade-offs as well as of synergies betwee...
It is a common concern that non-resident private forest owners are less able to make informed decisions regarding their forests. Moreover, the present guidance given by forest professionals is not reaching all owners. In this study, we suggest enhancing knowledge exchange among forest owners by increasing their mutual and informal interaction that...
Decision support tools are often criticised from the point of view that people are typically not maximising their utility as normative decision theory expects but rather following rules. We discuss the approaches that describe decision analysis from the behavioural point of view and emphasise that while people without aid do not necessarily maximis...
For many participatory planning cases, the use of voting methods may be an effective approach. Voting methods have long traditions in making social choices – the main difference between group multi-criteria analysis and voting typically is that in voting the judgments are carried out holistically, without decomposing the problem to criteria. Becaus...
Most of the applications dealing with linear programming use deterministic programming. Stochastic programming is, however, a more realistic way of formulating forest management planning problems, and it produces solutions that have a better expected value than the deterministic solutions. In this chapter, we present the linear and goal programming...
All forest-related decisions include uncertainty. Uncertainty can be from several different sources like inventory data, growth and yield models, prices of timber or carbon, costs of operations and preferences of the forest owners. The uncertainties can be described in different ways, using a stochastic approach or a fuzzy approach, for instance. M...
The use of public participation has become common in many forest management planning situations. In this chapter, we define the concepts of participatory planning and group decision-making, as well as stakeholder and decision-maker. We describe the purposes and potential benefits of participatory planning, for the participating stakeholders and for...
In this chapter, we describe planning process examples suitable for public participation in different scales, from managing the forests of one city park to preparing of national forest programmes. We also discuss the decision support methods and tools required for handling a participatory planning process. Planning problems with several decision-ma...
Linear programming is the most widely utilised optimisation method in forestry. Linear programming can be used to deal with many sustainability issues, such as the requirement of even flow of timber over time. It can also be used to deal with multiple goals, by using a constraint approach and Pareto front or by using a goal programming approach. In...