Mihir Bagchi

Wayne State University | WSU · Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology

Background:Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, popularly known as Ashwagandha, is an ethnomedicinal plant with multiple pharmacotherapeutic applications. The diverse medicinal properties of the plant are largely due to the presence of withanolides, a group of C28 ergostane based steroidal lactones, with several sites of unsaturation and oxygenation. Wit...

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder which accounts for infertility around the world. The disease is characterized by elevated secretion of androgens in the women which results in enlargement of ovaries with accumulation of fluid filled cysts, irregular menstrual cycles, and hirsutism. This study reports the effi...

Introduction: Undenatured type II collagen, derived from chicken sternum cartilage, is a novel functional ingredient, which has been demonstrated to improve joint health, flexibility and mobility, and enhancing motor functions. Undenatured type II collagen has been commercially available as functional dietary supplement worldwide for many years. Re...

Obesity and overweight are now defined as an epidemic. An array of evidence substantiates that existing weight loss strategies and programs have not worked. Fat is the lightest of macromolecules, the highest energy reserve of the body, and the last reservoir of survival insurance to be expended. Conventional weight loss concepts and therapies, for...

Cognitive dysfunctions are increasing alarmingly around the world, and researchers are exploring preventive measures for improving brain performance. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring coenzyme in foods, exhibits potent antioxidant activity, and improves diverse functions which includes mitochondrial activation, growth, repair, p...

Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased an astounding 30.5% to 42.2% over the last two decades despite numerous weight loss products and programs, thus qualifying it as an epidemic. Fat is the lightest of macromolecules, the highest energy reserve of the body, and the last reservoir of survival insurance to be expended. Water, muscle, a...

Prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing alarmingly worldwide. Slowing down the progression of OA and diverse locomotive organ disorders is gaining interest in improving the quality of life (QOL) and extending healthy life-span. In a pilot study, intake of a small amount of undenatured type II collagen exhibited suppression of damage to the...

Background: In advancing age population worldwide, joint discomfort and poor locomotive functions are symptoms, which are often detected. Aggravation of such symptoms potentially develops into osteoarthritis (OA) as characterized by the loss of articular cartilage in the joints of the hand, spine, knee, foot, and hip. For joint health complications...

Enzymes play a vital role in biometabolic functions. Insufficient enzyme availability leads to impaired metabolism including digestive and immune dysfunctions. Digestive enzymes enable disintegration, dissolution, and absorption of foods, significantly improving gastro-intestinal integrity, immunity, cellular functionality, and overall health. An a...

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) reports that approximately 60–70 million people are affected by a plethora of chronic digestive disorders and problems, including irritable bowel syndrome, bloating and gas, constipation, diarrhea, lactose intolerance, fecal incontinence, acid reflux, Crohn’s disease, celi...

Metabolic competence in conjunction with well-balanced nutritional support is extremely important for normal biochemical and physiological functions, as well as for enhanced athletic performance. Research-affirmed nutraceuticals enriched in structurally diverse phytonutrients including bioflavonoids may help to boost athletic, functional, and bioph...

An increase in anaerobic (oxygen-deprived) pathogenesis significantly increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inflicting damage on cell membranes and intracellular constituents. Generation of ROS and concomitant inflammatory response is the two hallmarks of cellular damage caused by cellular injury or invasion by pathogens. Oxygen...

Background The medicinal herb fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds, fortified with dietary fibers and furostanolic saponins including protodioscin, have demonstrated a significant contribution to human health. In our laboratories, Furosap®, a patented 20% protodioscin-enriched extract was developed from fenugreek seeds. Objective In an open...

SARS-COV2 has emerged as the second biggest threat to humanity of all times, after the Spanish Flu massacre. Due to its brisk rate of mutation, especially that of the host receptor docking Spike protein, a safe immunization is still questioned by some, and protection or recovery has been dependent largely on immune system competence and overall bio...

Background Cognitive dysfunctions are increasing alarmingly around the world, and researchers are exploring preventive measures for improving brain performance. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring coenzyme in foods, exhibits potent antioxidant activity, and improves diverse functions which include mitochondrial activation, growth,...

Background Conventional medical therapies for neurodegenerative diseases primarily target anti-inflammatory interventions, immune suppression of autoimmune pathologies, and, depending on the diagnosed pathological mechanisms, neurotransmitter reuptake inhibition, among other tactics. However, the incidence of neuroinflammatory pathologies appears t...

We hypothesize that Iron-Deficiency Anemia (IDA) has been misconceptualized. In the body, low blood iron is not caused by a deficiency. The primary cause of low iron, appearing to be IDA, is the expenditure of alkalinizing histidine, from heme protein, which requires the cleavage of iron and its repartitioning to other storage depots. As an alkalin...

Background: Integrity of hemoglobin is a crucial determining factor for the overall health functions. Nutrient repletion therapy should be a fundamental strategy to restore the healthy properties of blood. A unique patent-pending iron-free VMP35 formulation was engineered by our laboratory to restore iron-dependent hemoglobin in anemic cells using...

Background: A common neurological condition worldwide is Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) leading to both substance and non-substance addictive behaviors, that must be combatted by integrating both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system biological approaches. Integrity of hemoglobin is a crucial determining factor for the overall hea...

Objectives Optimal nutrition and natural digestive enzymes play a critical role in enhancing healthy digestion. N-SORB, a novel KD120 liquid multienzyme complex was developed and encapsulated using a SK713 SLP absorption technology (Prodosome®). A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled investigation over a period of 90 consecutive days was con...

Objectives NHLBI announced that anemia is one of the most common blood disorders, which affects more than 3 million Americans, while the Global Burden of Disease 2016 reported that anemia affects 1.93 billion people worldwide. Anemia is associated with chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune disorders. Hemorrhagic anemia results in substanti...

In the face of the global pandemic of COVID 19, approaching 1.75 Million infected worldwide (4/12/2020) and associated mortality (over 108, 000 as of 4/12/2020) as well-as other catastrophic events including the opioid crisis, a focus on brain health seems prudent [1] (https://www.coronavirus.gov). This manuscript reports on the systemic benefits o...

World statistics indicate that approximately 1.93 billion people suffer from anemia. Anemia is intricately linked to overindulgence of dietary fat, salt, and sugar-induced chronic inflammation, chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal and gynecological malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. Hemorrhagic anemia results in substantial loss of blood w...

The general consensus among many health professionals is for most individuals to decrease dietary intake of sodium from table salt but increase potassium to improve overall health. Body sodium content correlates directly with fluid volume. Keeping this in mind, many from all over the globe consume far more sodium than generally recommended leading...

Objectives: Global Burden of Disease 2016 (GBD 2016) reported that Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the leading cause of anemia, which affect 1.93 billion people worldwide. Anemia is intricately linked to chronic inflammation, chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal and gynecological malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. Hemorrhagic anemia resul...

Background The American Society of Hematology reported that according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) anemia is the most common blood disorder, which affects more than 3 million Americans, while the Global Burden of Disease 2016 (GBD 2016) reported that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the leading cause of anemia, which affe...

Background: Mangoes are a popular fruit enjoyed worldwide. The mango is known for its pleasing aroma in addition to its refreshing and soothing taste. Researchers around the globe have demonstrated the diverse beneficial effects of Mangifera indica Linn in human health and disease prevention. Additionally, we should acknowledge how Ayurvedic medici...

A popular concept is that the significant global progression in prevalence and intensification of elevated blood pressure (BP) levels is due in part to dietary indiscretions. Excess intake of several food sources causing overweight/obesity plays an important role in BP perturbations. However, certain nutrients are involved in ways other than via bo...

Background Curculigo orchioides is an endangered medicinal plant used for diverse medicinal purposes including impotency, aphrodisiac, diuretic, tonic, jaundice, and skin ailments for centuries. Phytochemical investigations of rhizomes revealed the presence of a novel phenolic glycoside, curculigoside, triterpenoid, saponins, flavones, cellulose, h...

Background: A novel, patent-pending 20% protodioscin-enriched extract has been developed in our laboratories from fenugreek seeds(Furosap®). We assessed the efficacy of Furosap®in 50 male volunteers (age: 35-65 years)on free and total increased testosterone levels, sperm profile, mental alertness, cardiovascular health, mood, libido,and quality of...

Background: Dietary fiber rich fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds have exhibited cardioprotective, hypolipidemic and other health benefits. Furosap (FS), an innovative, patented, 20% protodioscin-enriched extract was developed in our laboratory from fenugreek seeds. This study examined the free and total testosterone levels, sperm profile...

toxicological evaluation of a novel Citrus sudachi extract powder. ABSTRACT Background: Citrus sudachi, an evergreen tree primarily found in the prefecture of Tokushima, Japan, is a widely used popular citrus fruit used in cooking and consumed as a juice. Citrus sudachi peels are rich in flavonoids including sudachitin (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,8,3'-tri...

Background: Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds are known to exhibit potent antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and nephroprotective activities, as well as serve as excellent membrane stabilizers especially because of their content of novel furostanolic saponins. Our previous studies exhibited the broad spectrum safety and efficacy of Fenfuro, a no...

Functional foods and nutraceuticals have received considerable interest in the past decade largely due to increasing consumer awareness of the health benefits associated with food. Diet in human health is no longer a matter of simple nutrition: consumers are more proactive and increasingly interested in the health benefits of functional foods and t...

A novel collagen II (NEXT-II) was examined on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. After booster dose (collagen-Freund's complete adjuvant), mice were assigned either to control collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group, or NEXT-II treatment group. Arthritis index in the NEXT-II group significantly decreased compared to the CIA group. Serum IL-6...

Abstract Earlier studies have reported the efficacy of type II collagen (C II) in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, a few studies have investigated the ability of the antigenic collagen to induce oral tolerance, which is defined as active nonresponse to an orally administered antigen. We hypothesized that water-soluble undenatured C II h...

Abstract The present study was conducted to examine the broad-spectrum safety of a novel, water-soluble undenatured type II collagen (NEXT-II) derived from chicken sternum cartilage. The presence of epitope in NEXT-II was confirmed by using a commercial kit, Native Type Collagen Capture kit (Astarte Biologics, LLC, Redmond, WA, USA). Under the cond...

Bio-nanotechnology is the key functional technology of the 21st century. It is a fusion of biology and nanotechnology based on the principles and chemical pathways of living organisms, and refers to the functional applications of biomolecules in nanotechnology. It encompasses the study, creation, and illumination of the connections between structur...

Obesity is now a worldwide epidemic [1-3]. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States and other industrialized and developing countries is increasing exponentially (Table 13.1) [1-6]. Approximately half a billion of the world’s population is now considered overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25-29 kg/m ²) or obese (BMI, >30 kg/m²)...

Oligonol (OLG), derived from lychee fruit, is a novel compound produced from the oligomerization of polyphenols. In this study, the acute effect of OLG treatment was investigated on heart, liver and kidney in rats. OLG treatment at two different doses (15 or 30 mg/kg body weight) and two different time points (1 day or 7 days of treatment) demonstr...

This chapter discusses a large number of popular and widely used nutraceutical ingredients, which have been researched and reviewed by the worldwide scientific community. Chromium (III) may have beneficial effects in the regulation of insulin action, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic) has gained much at...

Circumstantial evidence frequently implicates oxygen-derived free radicals and oxidative stress as mediators of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, external supplementation of natural antioxidants plays a main role as cardioprotective compounds. This study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of VitaePro (70 mg/...

The investigation was conducted on client-owned moderately arthritic dogs with two objectives: (i) to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of type-II collagen (UC-II) alone or in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GLU) and chondroitin sulphate (CHO), and (ii) to determine their tolerability and safety. Dogs in four groups (n = 7-10), were treated...

IntroductionCarcinogenesis and BiomarkersPesticide-Induced DNA Damage and Oxidative StressPesticides and Hormonal CarcinogenesisEpidemiological Cancer StudiesConclusion References

Structurally diverse toxicants in the environment are responsible for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological systems. The accumulation of ROS results in oxidative stress and causes damage to macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. Consequently, exposure to environmental oxidants increases the occurrenc...

The safety of Garcinia cambogiaextract, its active ingredient (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), and the marketed weight management formula, Super CitriMax(®) (HCA-SX), is supported by numerous in vitro and animal experimental studies as well as several clinical studies. HCA-SX has been shown to reduce appetite, inhibit fat synthesis, and decrease body...

Chromium(III) is an essential trace element required for normal protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. It also helps in energy production and increasing lean body mass. Chromium(III) dinicocysteinate (CDNC) is a unique form of bioavailable chromium(III). This study was focused on determining the broad spectrum safety of CDNC. Acute oral, acute d...

The present study was conducted to examine the safety of a novel plant-based calcium supplement, derived from marine algae and containing high levels of calcium, magnesium, and other bone supporting minerals (commercially known as AlgaeCal (AC)). The present study evaluated the broad-spectrum safety of AC using a variety of toxicological assays inc...

Introduction Nutritional Genomics Omics in Future Nutrition Research References

Micronutrients and phytonutraceuticals have gained considerate popularity as dietary supplements in weight management. The transitional metal chromium (III) and the active constituent of Garcinia cambogia, (−)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), have been used in weight loss regimen. We have shown that the niacin-bound chromium(III) (NBC) complex and calcium...

The nutraceutical and functional food field is rapidly growing in diverse sectors, including academic, commercial and government. This has brought a corresponding shift in research focus and in public awareness. Understanding the relevance of the scientific principles in determining the safety and effectiveness of functional foods and nutraceutical...

Calcium is an essential mineral to support bone health and serves as a major therapeutic intervention to prevent and delay the incidence of osteoporosis. Many individuals do not obtain the optimum amount of calcium from diets and depend on bioavailable calcium supplements. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of a novel plant-based...

Previous research has shown that undenatured type II collagen is effective in the treatment of arthritis. The present study evaluated the broad-spectrum safety of UC-II by a variety of toxicological assays including acute oral, acute dermal, primary dermal irritation, and primary eye irritation toxicity. In addition, genotoxicity studies such as Am...

Skin is the largest organ that is under constant assault by environmental oxidative stress including ultraviolet radiation (UVR), air pollutants, and chemical oxidants. Premature skin aging may occur due to factors such as external oxidative stress as well as smoking, imbalanced nutrition, excessive dieting, and mental stress. Studies suggest that...