Miguel Ángel Salas-Marina

• Professor at Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas

The bioinsecticidal activity of several doses of a Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV-CH-32; LD10, LD50, and LD90) and a Type I Spodoptera frugiperda granulovirus (SfGV-CH13; LD50 and LD90), alone and in co-infection, was evaluated on S. frugiperda larvae. In the co-infection assays, one virus was applied at 0 h, and then t...

Granuloviruses (GVs) Betabaculovirus associated with the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), especially those of the type I, have scarcely been studied. These GVs might be an effective alternative for the biocontrol of this insect. In this study, the native GVs SfGV-CH13 and SfGV-CH28 were isolated from...

El cultivo de café en agroecosistemas atípicos para esta especie afecta su crecimiento debido al efecto del clima, principalmente la temperatura y la radiación solar. En el año 2021, se estudiaron las variaciones en el microclima, los rasgos funcionales y plasticidad fenotípica del cafeto en dos gradientes altitudinales de la región Frailesca, Chia...

The granuloviruses or GVs (Betabaculovirus) associated with the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), especially those of Type I, have scarcely been studied but they might represent an alternative for the biocontrol of this insect. In this study, the native granuloviruses SfGV-CH13 and SfGV-CH28 isolated...

Since 2020, camedor palm (Chamaedorea quezalteca) plantations in the Frailesca region, Chiapas, Mexico, have been affected by foliar diseases that induce leaf spot and anthracnose symptoms that reduce production, leaf quality and thus the loss of their commercial value. The objectives of this work were to identify the causal agents and to quantify...

Salicylic acid and Azospirillum brasilense stimulate plant growth and productivity. In some environments, plant physiology similarly responds to both bioactive products. Considering this, a field experiment was conducted to study the physiological effect of Salicilic acid and A. brasilense on growth and grain yield of maize plants. The experiment i...

El aluminio es el elemento más limitante del crecimiento de las plantas en suelos ácidos. Estudiar el efecto de este elemento en las plantas contribuye a mejorar las prácticas agrícolas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del aluminio en plántulas de maíz (Zea mays L.), bajo la hipótesis de que el aluminio en concentraciones menores...

Plants are susceptible to a wide variety of pathogens that can affect their physiology, growth and cause death. Synthetic fungicides are used for fungal control; however, these chemicals can be harmful to the environment and favor the development of resistance; therefore, as a viable alternative, antagonistic fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes can b...

Streptomyces are recognized as antipathogenic agents and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacities of four antifungal Streptomyces strains to: produce the substances that are involved in plant growth; solubilize phosphates; and fix nitrogen. The effects of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs)...

Larvae of the sawfly, Monoctenus sanchezi Smith, are phytophagous on white cedar (Juniperus flaccida Schlechtendal). We report for the first time Zelus tetracanthus (Stl) and Pselliopus zebra (Stl) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and Copestylum caudatum Curran (Diptera: Syrphidae) as predators of the sawfly, which constitute new host records and extend the...

Tomatoes are affected by fungi of the genera Fusarium and Alternaria, reducing the quantity and quality of the fruit.Since plant extracts are an alternative for the control of phytopathogenic fungi, the antifungal effect of Salmea scandens extracts was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani and the functional groups of the chemi...

El estado de Chiapas es el segundo productor de cacao en México; sin embargo, los rendimientos agrícolas son bajos y en muchas regiones existen limitantes relacionadas con factores edafoclimáticos. Por ello, la investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar zonas edafoclimáticas que respondan a los requerimientos del cacao, en función de alcanzar un...

This study consisted of determining the effect of Bacillus strains inoculated alone or in combination with phytopathogenic fungi on the production of human health-related compounds and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in tomato fruits. Seedlings were cultivated under greenhouse conditions and inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens, B. methylotrophic...

p> Background: The water deficit and the low availability of nutrients are factors that limit the growth and productivity of cultivated plants. Objective: To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and water availability on growth, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthetic efficiency of guava plants ( Psidium guajava L. var. cuban red dwarf). Methodolog...

RESUMEN El aluminio es el elemento más limitante del crecimiento de las plantas en suelos ácidos. Estudiar el efecto de este elemento en las plantas contribuye a mejorar las prácticas agrícolas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del aluminio en plántulas de maíz (Zea mays L.), bajo la hipótesis de que el aluminio en concentraciones...

The establishment of new coffee plantations requires vigorous and healthy seedlings that guarantee good growth and high yields; hence the importance of studying the effect of bio-stimulant substances in the early stages of the crop's ontogeny. In this sense, the combined effect of five concentrations of salicylic acid (0; 0.0125; 0.025; 0.05; 0.1 a...

Fungi and oomycetes are important plant pathogens that constantly attacked plants, thus compromising the production of foods worldwide. Streptomyces strains might be useful to control fungal pathogens by different mechanism. The in vitro antagonistic activity of non-volatile and volatile metabolites from four Streptomyces strains was evaluated over...

One third of the world’s soils are acidic, under these conditions many crops are affected, especially when aluminum concentrations reach toxic levels. In order to establish the relationships between acidity indicators and cation exchange capacity, and pH and organic matter content, 13 sites were selected in Frailesca and Valles Zoque regions. Five...

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most important pest of maize in many countries. Entomopathogenic viruses mainly Baculoviruses family are excellent biological control agents and therefore a viable alternative for managing this pest. The aim of this study was to determine the biological activity of eigh...

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la actividad antifúngica de Streptomyces spp. contra Exserohilum rostratum cepa CIAD_CP01 (Sinónimo de Setosphaeria rostrata ), así como su capacidad para producir sustancias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal. La actividad antagónica in vitro de seis cepas de Streptomyces se evaluó por confrontación directa y a...

Native starch was isolated from three corn landraces and a hybrid variety. The starches were oxidized with several concentrations of NaOCl (0.8, 2 and 5% w/w active chlorine). The physicochemical and functional properties of oxidized starches were compared with those of native starches of the same source. The oxidation treatment increased the conte...

Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) is the main vector of viruses causing dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever, worldwide. This report focuses on immuno-blocking four critical proteins in the female mosquito when fed on blood containing antibodies against ferritin, transferrin, one amino acid transporter (NAAT1), and acetylcholines...

An alternative to promote the quality of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicon L.) and reduce the indirect effects of phytopathogenic fungi that cause root and crown diseases, might be the use of antagonistic bacteria of the Bacillus genus. The aim of the study was to determine the effect, of three Bacillus strains alone and together in interaction w...

p>El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de tres especies de Trichoderma cuando se aplican solas y cuando se confrontan con tres fitopatógenos, sobre el crecimiento y calidad del fruto de jitomate. El sustrato de las plantas se inoculó con Trichoderma spp. solas y en confrontación con Alternaria solani , Fusarium oxysporum y Phytophth...

This research was carried out in Villaflores and Villa Corzo, located in Chiapas State of Mexico. Specifically, throughout an ethno-agronomical approach, semi-structured interviews were designed and applied to the chayote producers who were selected by random routes. The results indicate the 57.89% of chayote producers in both municipalities, have...

Functional response of third-instar larvae of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), to four densities of single-instar larvae of the five instars of obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was evaluated at 25 ± 1°C in a laboratory. The aims were to determine the type a...

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidóptera: Noctuidae), is the most important insect pest of maize, Zea mays L., because it causes great economic loss and insecticide to be overused for its control, which increase costs of production and contaminate the environment. However, the pest is naturally controlled by various parasitoid...

p>Se estimó la incidencia de enfermedades de raíz en manzanos de Chihuahua, México, y se identificaron trescientos aislados (hongos y Oomicetos) tomados del tejido de raíz y suelo de la rizosfera de árboles con síntomas de infección y libres de síntomas de enfermedad. Paralelamente, se aislaron e identificaron hongos putativamente antagonistas. Se...

In order to evaluate the effect of concentrations and time of imbibition of seeds on salicylic acid (SA) on germination and early growth of bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. ‘Negro’) an experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design under laboratory conditions. The treatments consisted of five concentrations of SA (0, 0.01, 0...

Production of maize, Zea mays L., for forage at Chiapas, México, is important for animal feed. However, with a recent objective to produce more forage, association of maize with other crops including Johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., has increased. But association has brought infestation by new pests. The objective of this research was to...

The Plains lubber grasshopper, Brachystola magna Girard (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), is the main insect pest of bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabales: Fabaceae), in Chihuahua, Durango, and Zacatecas states of México. Satisfactory control depends on diligent application of insecticide; however, given its evasive ethology and relentless arrival at bean f...

Muchas enfermedades en cultivos causadas por hongos patógenos representan un problema económico debido a las pérdidas que éstas causan. Del mismo modo microorganismos antagonistas tales como Trichoderma spp. y Bacillus spp., entre otros, han sido usados como agentes de control biológico como una alternativa eficiente para reducir el uso de fungicid...

All instars of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda Smith & Abbot (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were collected in maize (corn) fields in 5 localities of the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, in 2014, with the main objectives of identifying its natural enemies and estimating the level of parasitism. Larvae were maintained under controlled conditions, fe...

Fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma, commonly found in soil or colonizing plant roots, exert beneficial effects on plants, including the promotion of growth and the induction of resistance to disease. T. virens and T. atroviride secrete the proteins Sm1 and Epl1, respectively, which elicit local and systemic disease resistance in plants. In th...

Research on the diversity and abundance of taxa pollinators at the community level are essential to know aspects of their biology, ethology, ecology and the impacts on reproduction and plant diversity. Bees have an important role in providing pollination, which is essential to plant reproduction. The objective of the study was to document the diver...

Silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Aleyrodidae), potato/ tomato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. (Triozidae), and western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thripidae), are insect pests of economic importance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and other solanaceous vegetables in México. Soil is the main reservoi...

Parasitoid flies of white cedar sawfly, Monoctenus sanchezi Smith, were identified molecularly and morphologically. Third and fourth instars of sawfly larvae were collected in white cedar trees, Juniperus flaccida Schltdl, at Sierra de Alvarez, San Luis Potosi, in 2011, 2012, and 2013. The material collected was taken to Universidad Autonoma Agrari...

Trichoderma spp. are common soil fungi used as biocontrol agents due to their capacity to produce antibiotics, induce systemic resistance in plants and parasitize phytopathogenic fungi of major agricultural importance. The present study investigated whether colonization of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings by Trichoderma atroviride affected plant grow...

To deal with pathogens, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms including constitutive and induced defense mechanisms. Phytohormones play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in the systemic response induced by beneficial and pathogen microorganisms. In this work, we identified an Aspergillus ustus isolate that promotes...