Mickaël Henry

• French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE)

Motivation: The accelerated and widespread conversion of once continuous ecosystems into fragmented landscapes has driven ecological research to understand the response of biodiversity to local (fragment size) and landscape (forest cover and fragmentation) changes. This information has important theoretical and applied implications, but is still fa...

Motivation: The accelerated and widespread conversion of once continuous ecosystems into fragmented landscapes has driven ecological research to understand the response of biodiversity to local (fragment size) and landscape (forest cover and fragmentation) changes. This information has important theoretical and applied implications, but is still fa...

Motivation The accelerated and widespread conversion of once continuous ecosystems into fragmented landscapes has driven ecological research to understand the response of biodiversity to local (fragment size) and landscape (forest cover and fragmentation) changes. This information has important theoretical and applied implications, but is still far...

Due to the increasing pressures on bees, many beekeepers currently wish to move their managed livestock of Apis mellifera into little disturbed ecosystems such as protected natural areas. This may, however, exert detrimental competitive effects upon local wild pollinators. While it appears critical for land managers to get an adequate knowledge of...

In the context of worldwide biodiversity and wild bee decline, it is increasingly important to better understand the effect of land-use changes on wild bee communities at a global scale. To do so, we studied the effect of city area and urban green spaces layout on wild bee species richness and community composition, as well as on wild bee species w...

Introducing any species in a large number into an ecosystem is never a zero-sum game. In this paper, we assessed what are the main advances on the known impacts of Massively Introduced Managed Species (MIMS) on plant–pollinator communities and networks. We first focused on the raising body of literature studying the effects of the introduction of h...

Artificial nest boxes for solitary bees and other cavity-nesting Hymenoptera are increasingly used for a variety of purposes, including ecological research, crop pollination support and public outreach. Their attractivity and colonization success by cavity-nesting solitary bees depend on their design and placement, including hole dimensions, orient...

It is increasingly acknowledged that bees are declining, notably as a result of global changes such as climate and land-use changes that affect the abundance and diversity of floral resources (i.e. pollen and nectar). Recently, a new concern has gained traction: the negative impact of honeybees on wild bees due to competition over floral resources....

To ensure the optimal development of brood, a honeybee colony needs to regulate its temperature within a certain range of values (thermoregulation), regardless of environmental changes in biotic and abiotic factors. While the set of behavioural and physiological responses implemented by honeybees to regulate the brood temperature has been well stud...

The risk of poisoning bees by sprayed pesticides depends on the attractiveness of plants and environmental and climatic factors. Thus, to protect bees from pesticide intoxication, an usual exemption to pesticide regulations allows for spraying on blooming flowers with insecticides or acaricides when no bees are foraging on crops. Nevertheless, deci...

To ensure the optimal development of brood, a honeybee colony needs to regulate its temperature within a certain range of values (thermoregulation), regardless of environmental changes in biotic and abiotic factors. While the set of behavioural and physiological responses implemented by honeybees to regulate the brood temperature has been well stud...

There is accumulating evidence that wild bees are experiencing a decline in terms of species diversity, abundance or distribution, which leads to major concerns about the sustainability of both pollination services and intrinsic biodiversity. There is therefore an urgent need to better understand the drivers of their decline, as well as design cons...

There is accumulating evidence that wild bees are experiencing a decline in terms of species diversity, abundance or distribution, which leads to major concerns about the sustainability of both pollination services and intrinsic biodiversity. There is therefore an urgent need to better understand the drivers of their decline, as well as design cons...

Wild bees are declining, mainly due to the expansion of urban habitats that have led to land-use changes. Effects of urbanization on wild bee communities are still unclear, as shown by contrasting reports on their species and functional diversities in urban habitats. To address this current controversy, we built a large dataset, merging 16 surveys...

Wild bee populations are declining due to human activities, such as land use, which strongly affect the composition and diversity of available plants and food sources. The chemical composition of food (i.e. nutrition), in turn, determines health, resilience and fitness of bees. However, for pollinators, the term health is recent and subject to deba...

The decline of pollinators has been demonstrated scientifically and this phenomenon is widely recognized by both the general public and by stakeholders. Since pollinators face different threats that are all linked to human activities, there is a unique and unprecedented responsibility for people to conserve pollinators, requiring political action t...

The growing gap between new evidence of pesticide toxicity in honeybees and conventional toxicological assays recommended by regulatory test guidelines emphasizes the need to complement current lethal endpoints with sublethal endpoints. In this context, behavioral and reproductive performances have received growing interest since the 2000s, likely...

Viruses are known to contribute to bee population decline. Possible spillover is suspected from the co-occurrence of viruses in wild bees and honey bees. In order to study the risk of virus transmission between wild and managed bee species sharing the same floral resource, we tried to maximize the possible cross-infections using Phacelia tanacetifo...

Due to growing anthropogenic pressures, substantial losses of honeybee colonies ( Apis mellifera ) have been reported around the world, and the species richness and abundance of most groups of wild bees have declined in recent decades across Europe and North America. Assessing the possible impacts of ongoing and future environmental changes and dev...

Measuring time–activity budgets over the complete individual life span is now possible for many animals with the recent advances of life‐long individual monitoring devices. Although analyses of changes in the patterns of time–activity budgets have revealed ontogenetic shifts in birds or mammals, no such technique has been applied to date on insects...

There is an emerging controversy among bee biologists, land managers and beekeepers about the legitimacy of high-density beekeeping in natural protected areas due to the risks of detrimental interactions with local wild bees. The conflicting needs of wild bee conservation and productive beekeeping requires the adoption of inclusive conservation mea...

Measuring time-activity budgets over the complete individual lifespan is now possible for many animals with the recent advances of life-long individual monitoring devices. Although analyses of changes in the patterns of time-activity budgets have revealed ontogenetic shifts in birds or mammals, no such technique has been applied to date on insects....

The implication of neonicotinoids in bee declines led in 2013 to an EU moratorium on three neonicotinoids in bee-attractive crops. However, neonicotinoids are frequently detected in wild flowers or untreated crops suggesting that neonicotinoids applied to cereals can spread into the environment and harm bees. Therefore, we quantified neonicotinoid...

Habitat destruction is the single greatest anthropogenic threat to biodiversity. Decades of research on this issue have led to the accumulation of hundreds of data sets comparing species assemblages in larger, intact, habitats to smaller, more fragmented, habitats. Despite this, little synthesis or consensus has been achieved, primarily because of...

The Asian hornet is an invasive predator of honey bees in Western Europe. The Asian hornet-related risk of bee colony mortality has motivated the development of biological and physical control methods over the past years. Although the technical cost-benefit ratio has been established for most of these control methods, it is still unclear whether su...

Biological diversity is influenced by many environmental factors, which can act either at a local scale (e.g. quality and quantity of feeding and nesting resources, habitat type) or at a landscape scale (e.g. habitat fragmentation , composition and configuration of landscape features). To effectively manage or promote biodiversity in heterogeneous...

Introduced in France more than a decade ago from China, the invasive Asian hornet Vespa velutina preys on honey bee Apis mellifera foragers at hive entrances and is a major concern for Western European beekeepers and governmental policies. Asian hornet predation is suspected to weaken honey bee colonies before the winter season. In this study, we a...

Ce numéro est constitué d’articles de synthèse des projets DEPHY EXPE publiés à l’occasion du Colloque National DEPHY EXPE, qui s’est déroulé le 28 mai 2019 à l'Assemblée Permanente des Chambres d'Agriculture (Paris).

The usefulness of power line right-of-ways for wild bees and butterflies was assessed in an agroforestry landscape in France. Comparisons were carried out between ROW sites in wooded areas (n = 31) and reference sites in open habitats as grasslands (n = 25). Average species richness (bees and butterflies) and bee abundance appear statistically equi...

In recent years, conservation biologists have raised awareness about the risk of ecological interference between massively introduced managed honeybees and the native wild bee fauna in protected natural areas. In this study, we surveyed wild bees and quantified their nectar and pollen foraging success in a rosemary Mediterranean scrubland in southe...

1. Many studies have reported honeybee colony losses in human-dominated landscapes. While bee floral food resources have been drastically reduced over past decades in human-dominated landscapes, no field study has yet been undertaken to determine whether there is a carry-over effect between seasonal disruption in floral resource availability and hi...

Understanding how anthropogenic landscape alteration affects populations of ecologically- and economically-important insect pollinators has never been more pressing. In this context, the assessment of landscape quality typically relies on spatial distribution studies, but, whether habitat-restoration techniques actually improve the health of target...

Since the rise of agriculture, human populations have domesticated plant and animal species to fulfil their needs. With modern agriculture, a limited number of these species has been massively produced over large areas at high local densities. Like invasive species, these Massively Introduced Managed Species (MIMS) integrate local communities and c...

Ce numéro comprend les articles correspondant aux présentations du Colloque Casdar 2017.

Since the rise of agriculture, human populations have domesticated plant and animal species to fulfil their needs. With modern agriculture, a limited number of these species has been massively produced over large areas at high local densities. Like invasivespecies, these Massively Introduced Managed Species (MIMS) integrate local communities and ca...

The data available came from part of ECOBEE, a long term ecological research program set up to monitor honeybee colonies in a context of real professional beekeeping practices in the Poitou-Charentes region in central western France (46°23’N, 0°41’W). Over five consecutive years, from 2008 to 2012, the colony dynamics were monitored by measuring th...

Bee declines are driven by multiple combined stresses, making it exceedingly difficult to identify experimentally the most critical threats to bees and their pollination services. We highlight here the too often ignored potential of mechanistic models in identifying critical stress combinations. Advanced bee models are now available as open access...

Ecology studies often require large datasets. The benefits of citizen science for collecting such datasets include the extension of spatial and temporal scales, and cost reduction. In classical citizen science, citizens collect data and send them directly to scientists. This may not be possible for the many biological groups for which specimen iden...

Proceeding ” Assessing the potential of linear infrastructure verges for conservation and dispersal of wild pollinators in landscapes – The PolLinéaire approach”

In France, a derogation to pesticide regulation allows spraying on blooms with insecticides or acaricides bearing the bee label (mention "Abeilles"), but only when no bees are foraging on crops. Nevertheless, no decision rule is available for farmers to assess bees' absence on the crop. To fill this gap, the Ministry of Agriculture initiated a refl...

Most bees display an array of strategies for building their nests, and the availability of nesting resources plays a significant role in organizing bee communities. Although urbanization can cause local species extinction, many bee species persist in urbanized areas. We studied the response of a bee community to winter-installed human-made nesting...

Nature Communications 6: Article number: 741410.1038/ncomms8414 (2015); Published: June162015; Updated: February182016. The authors inadvertently omitted Kimiora L. Ward, who managed and contributed data, from the author list. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

The toxicity of pesticides used in agriculture towards non-targeted organisms and especially pollinators has recently drawn the attention from a broad scientific community. Increased honeybee mortality observed worldwide certainly contributes to this interest. The potential role of several neurotoxic insecticides in triggering or potentiating honey...

Durant les 50 dernières années, l’intensification agricole a profondément modifié la physionomie des paysages en Europe. Pour satisfaire les demandes croissantes des populations humaines, les systèmes de grandes cultures produisent aujourd’hui des céréales, maïs et autres oléagineux sur des surfaces de plus en plus étendues, au détriment de la dive...

Erreurs d'affiliations dans la revue pour Bretagnolle, Odoux, Aupinel et Henry. Corrigés dans cette notice

Observed average instantaneous speed during the 3-min recording time as compared to the 95% confidence limits (shaded area) for an expected steady-state average speed. The instantaneous speed during the 3-min recording time was measured in a pilot study performed on 80 non-exposed individual bees. The mean instantaneous speed (mm.s-1) was averaged...

Effect size estimates for variations of distance covered by individuals (a) among control groups of the five trials and (b) between treatment and control groups. Horizontal bars stand for the 95% confidence intervals returned by the post-hoc multiple pairwise comparisons. The vertical dashed line indicates the no-effect level. (TIF)

Individual distances covered by bees in each group. Individual distances (in meters) covered by control bees and exposed bees are plotted as white and grey dots respectively, for each insecticide. Average distances (± S.E.M) are shown for each modality. Mean distances in control groups were similar (3.14 ± 0.24 m, 3.26 ± 0.29 m, 3.50 ± 0.27 m, 3.22...

Mortality tests for the determination of sublethal doses. (XLSX)

Statistical outputs of LM and LMM models comparing distances covered by individuals (m) among control groups of the five trials, and between treatments. The post-hoc pairwise comparisons indicate that only the fipronil treatment did not significantly affect distances. See S2 Fig for effect size estimates. (DOCX)

European governments have banned the use of three common neonicotinoid pesticides due to insufficiently identified risks to bees. This policy decision is controversial given the absence of clear consistency between toxicity assessments of those substances in the laboratory and in the field. Although laboratory trials report deleterious effects in h...

Poster

L’originalité de cet ouvrage est d’établir le lien entre paysages et bonne santé des abeilles, les modifications paysagères pouvant impacter leurs modes de vie. Il aborde la disponibilité des ressources en pollen et en nectar pour les abeilles en fonction des paysages, du type de zones géographiques, de la végétation et des pratiques agricoles et a...

Honeybees are polylectic insects able to forage on many flower species in order to provide enough abundant and diverse food for the colony. However, land use changes and agricultural intensification have disrupted the floral availability in agricultural landscapes. Here, we investigated empirically the floral resources used by honeybees in an inten...

There is compelling evidence that more diverse ecosystems deliver greater benefits to people, and these ecosystem services have become a key argument for biodiversity conservation. However, it is unclear how much biodiversity is needed to deliver ecosystem services in a cost-effective way. Here we show that, while the contribution of wild bees to c...

In intensive farmland habitats, pollination of wild flowers and crops may be threatened by the widespread decline of pollinators. The honey bee decline, in particular, appears to result from the combination of multiple stresses, including diseases, pathogens, and pesticides. The reduction of semi-natural habitats is also suspected to entail floral...

Les colonies d’abeilles peuvent être assimilées à un système complexe possédant une résilience propre face aux perturbations. Comme toutes espèces vivantes, la survie d’une colonie d’abeilles dépendra de sa qualité individuelle, de sa capacité adaptative et de son seuil de résilience face aux stress émergeants. De nombreux stress résultants des cha...

Undersampling is commonplace in biodiversity surveys of species‐rich tropical assemblages in which rare taxa abound, with possible repercussions for our ability to implement surveys and monitoring programmes in a cost‐effective way. We investigated the consequences of information loss due to species undersampling (missing subsets of species from th...

Across Europe conservation actions have been implemented to mitigate the decline of pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, recent concerns have appeared about their efficiency to promote pollinator diversity. To increase the efficiency of these interventions, one must acquire a better knowledge of the target species diversity patterns and...

The collapse of honeybee populations, described around the world for twenty years, is particularly alarming because it causes the decline of beekeeping and of an essential pollinator in agricultural habitats. Surprisingly, the land use changes and the lack of floral resources in intensive agricultural landscapes are few investigate actually in the...

The farming systems strongly intensified over the past 50 years, which led to a homogenization of agrosystems, now accounting for a high proportion of total land cover (e.g. 46% in France and 61% in the Poitou-Charentes French region). Mechanization of agricultural practices and increasing of inputs i.e. agrochemicals, resulted in losses in biodive...

Ecology of bees (Hymenoptera, Apiformes) is entirely constrained by the centralized exchange between the nest and its environment. Herein, we investigate the ecological meaning of the flight activity of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) at the entrance of the nest, and assessed whether this simple metric can be used as a proxy to infer on the colony st...

Context: There is growing evidence that wild pollinators are declining worldwide, leading several authors to question whether a global pollination crisis is underway. The consequences of such a crisis would be severe due to the importance of animal pollination for many crops and wild plants. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to agriculture intensi...

Wild bees are important pollinators that have declined in diversity and abundance during the last decades. Habitat destruction and fragmentation associated with urbanization are reported as part of the main causes of this decline. Urbanization involves dramatic changes of the landscape, increasing the proportion of impervious surface while decreasi...

The risk assessment of plant protection products on pollinators is currently based on the evaluation of lethal doses through repeatable lethal toxicity laboratory trials. Recent advances in honeybee toxicology have, however, raised interest on assessing sublethal effects in free-ranging individuals. Here, we show that the sublethal effects of a neo...

Unprecedented growth in human populations has required the intensification of agriculture to enhance crop productivity, but this was achieved at a major cost to biodiversity. There is abundant local-scale evidence that both pollinator diversity and pollination services decrease with increasing agricultural intensification. This raises concerns rega...

Recent scientific literature and reports from official sanitary agencies have pointed out the deficiency of current pesticide risk assessment processes regarding sublethal effects on pollinators. Sublethal effects include troubles in learning performance, orientation skills, or mobility, with possible contribution to substantial dysfunction at popu...

Tropical dry forests (TDFs) are highly endangered tropical ecosystems being replaced by a complex mosaic of patches of different successional stages, agricultural fields and pasturelands. In this context, it is urgent to understand how taxa playing critical ecosystem roles respond to habitat modification. Because Phyllostomid bats provide important...

Traditional apicultural practices have been replaced by intensive ones in order to compensate colony losses and yield decreases. Agricultural landscapes do not provide to pollinators a regular pollen resource. The pollen diet can be considered both for its nutritional characteristics as well as health support of immune-components. Pollen is essenti...

Nous avons recensé près de 200 espèces d'abeilles dans la zone atelier Plaine et Val de Sèvre en Poitou-Charentes. Les abeilles sauvages tirent leur alimentation des plantes sauvages présentes dans les prairies, les bordures de routes et de champs. Entre la floraison du colza et du tournesol, les abeilles mellifères se concentrent sur de rares surf...

I have been involved in a publication showing that sublethal exposures to thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid pesticide, increase the risk of homing failure in foraging honeybees (Henry et al., 2012a). Along with other recent toxicological studies on free-ranging bees (Gill et al., 2012; Schneider et al., 2012; Whitehorn et al., 2012), those results have...