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Publications (1,022)
Security in underwater networks is a crucial aspect to maintain correct network operations, but has only partially been investigated so far. Most of the applications of an underwater network are related to military or public safety scenarios, which should exhibit a high robustness to attacks and failures in order to avoid disastrous consequences ev...
While network operators have already started deploying commercial 5th generation (5G) networks, existing cellular technologies may lack the level of reliability, availability, and responsiveness requested by future wireless applications. For this reason, the research community at large is already defining the most promising technologies that can en...
When a new user enters a cell in a mmWave cellular system, the beamforming directions must be identified to initiate communication, a procedure known as initial access (IA). However, users are more likely to enter from some directions than others (eg, along streets), and beamforming directions (eg, those affected by blockage) may never be used. We...
This paper analyzes Hybrid Beamforming (HBF) and Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) in millimeter wave (mmWave) 5th generation (5G) cellular networks considering the full protocol stack with TCP/IP traffic and MAC scheduling. Prior work on HBF and MU-MIMO has assumed full-buffer transmissions and studied link-level performance. We...
This paper studies the cross-layer challenges and performance of Hybrid Beamforming (HBF) and Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) in 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular networks with full-stack TCP/IP traffic and MAC scheduling. While previous research on HBF and MU-MIMO has focused on link-level analysis of full-buffer transmissio...
The IEEE 802.11ad WiFi amendment enables short-range multi-gigabit communications in the unlicensed 60~GHz spectrum, unlocking new interesting applications such as wireless Augmented and Virtual Reality. The characteristics of the mmWave band and directional communications allow increasing the system throughput by scheduling pairs of nodes with low...
The millimeter wave (mmWave) band will provide multi-gigabits-per-second connectivity in the radio access of future wireless systems. The high propagation loss in this portion of the spectrum calls for the deployment of large antenna arrays to compensate for the loss through high directional gain, thus introducing a spatial dimension in the channel...
With the introduction of massive MIMO and directional transmissions, antenna configuration has arisen as a major factor influencing coverage and capacity in fifth generation mobile networks. In particular, mechanical tilting can yield performance advancements that cannot be achieved by purely electronic steering, due to the presence of grating lobe...
In this paper, we propose and analyze an error-constrained data transmission approach for uplink communication using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The results are presented for the cases with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols where, depending on the message decoding status in the previous rounds, the decoding scheme of the r...
The fifth generation of cellular networks (5G) will rely on edge cloud deployments to satisfy the ultra-low latency demand of future applications. In this paper, we argue that such deployments can also be used to enable advanced data-driven and Machine Learning (ML) applications in mobile networks. We propose an edge-controller-based architecture f...
5G and beyond networks will use, for the first time ever, the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum for mobile communications. Accurate performance evaluation is fundamental to the design of reliable mmWave networks, with accuracy rooted in the fidelity of the channel models. At mmWaves, the model must account for the spatial characteristics of propaga...
In this work, we face the issue of achieving an efficient dynamic mapping in vehicular networking scenarios, i.e., obtaining an accurate estimate of the positions and trajectories of connected vehicles in a certain area. State-of-the-art solutions are based on the periodic broadcasting of the position information of the network nodes, with an inter...
3GPP NR V2X represents the new 3GPP standard for next-generation vehicular systems which, among other innovations, supports vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) operations in the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum to address the communication requirements of future intelligent automotive networks. While mmWaves will enable massive data rates and low latency, th...
The ever increasing number of connected devices and of new and heterogeneous mobile use cases implies that 5G cellular systems will face demanding technical challenges. For example, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) and enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) scenarios present orthogonal Quality of Service (QoS) requirements that 5G aims to...
Power consumption and task latency are two crucial issues in edge-cloud computing. This paper mainly aims to promote the use of clean power in geo-distributed data centers (DCs) in a deregulated electricity market where customers are allowed to buy power from multiple suppliers, combined with the guarantee of task latency. To alleviate the conflict...
Recent evolutions in semiconductors and photonics have brought the terahertz band in the spotlight as an enabler for terabit-per-second communications in 6G networks. Most of the research, however, has focused on understanding the physics of terahertz devices, circuitry and propagation, and on studying physical layer solutions. However, integrating...
Communication and video capture from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer significant potential for assisting first responders in remote public safety settings. In such uses, millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless links can provide high throughput and low latency connectivity between the UAV and a remote command center. However, maintaining reliable ae...
In a wirelessly-powered communication network (WPCN), an energy access point (E-AP) supplies the energy needs of the network nodes through radio frequency wave transmission, and the nodes store their received energy in their batteries for possible data transmission. In this paper, we propose an online control policy for energy transfer from the E-A...
Network slicing of multi-access edge computing (MEC) resources is expected to be a pivotal technology to the success of 5G networks and beyond. The key challenge that sets MEC slicing apart from traditional resource allocation problems is that edge nodes depend on tightly-intertwined and strictly-constrained networking, computation and storage reso...
Security aspects in underwater wireless networks have not been widely investigated so far, despite the critical importance of the scenarios in which these networks can be employed. For example, an attack to a military underwater network for enemy targeting or identification can lead to serious consequences. Similarly, environmental monitoring appli...
In this article, we report the details of ASUNA, a freely shared data set for underwater network emulation. ASUNA tackles the time-consuming and costly logistics of multiple underwater networking sea trials by providing a benchmark database of time-varying network topologies recorded across multiple sea experiments, thus facilitating experiment rep...
Recent developments in robotics and communication technologies are paving the way towards the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to provide ubiquitous connectivity in public safety scenarios or in remote areas. The millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum, in particular, has gained momentum since the huge amount of free spectrum available at such freq...
Reliable data connectivity is vital for the ever increasingly intelligent, automated, and ubiquitous digital world. Mobile networks are the data highways and, in a fully connected, intelligent digital world, will need to connect everything, including people to vehicles, sensors, data, cloud resources, and even robotic agents. Fifth generation (5G)...
IAB is being considered as a means to reduce the deployment costs of ultra-dense 5G mmWave networks, using wireless backhaul links to relay the access traffic. In this work we describe the most recent standardization activities on IAB, and compare architectures with and without IAB in mmWave deployments. While it is well understood that IAB network...
Bike-sharing systems have become an established reality in cities all across the world and are a key component of the Smart City paradigm. However, the unbalanced traffic patterns during rush hours can completely empty some stations, while filling others, and the service becomes unavailable for further users. The traditional approach to solve this...
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications have opened the way towards cooperative automated driving as a means to guarantee improved road safety and traffic efficiency. The use of the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum for V2V, in particular, holds great promise since the large bandwidth available offers the possibility of realizing high-data-rate con...
We consider the problem of
joint
lossy data compression and data routing in distributed Internet of Things (IoT). Heterogeneous sources compress their data using a source-specific lossy compression scheme, where heterogeneity is meant in terms of signal type and/or transmission rates. The compressed data is thus disseminated in a multi-hop fashio...
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is one of the cornerstone innovations of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks, thanks to the massive bandwidth available in these frequency bands. To correctly assess the performance of such systems, however, it is essential to have reliable channel models, based on a deep understanding of the propagation c...
The next generation of wireless networks will feature a more flexible radio access design, integrating multiple new technological solutions (e.g., massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), millimeter waves) to satisfy different verticals and use cases. The performance evaluation of these networks will require more complex models to represent t...
Over the last few years, the many uses of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have captured the interest of both the scientific and the industrial communities. A typical scenario consists in the use of UAVs for surveillance or target-search missions over a wide geographical area. In this case, it is fundamental for the command center to accurately esti...
With the advent of millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, the combination of a detailed 5G network simulator with an accurate antenna radiation model is required to analyze the realistic performance of complex cellular scenarios. However, due to the complexity of both electromagnetic and network models, the design and optimization of antenna arra...
We report the details of ASUNA, a freely shared dataset for underwater network emulation (ASUNA). ASUNA tackles the time-consuming and costly logistics of multiple underwater networking sea trials by providing a benchmark database of time-varying network topologies recorded across multiple sea experiments, thus facilitating experiment replay and ne...
Many organizations recognize non-terrestrial communication (NTC) as a key component to provide cost-effective and high-capacity connectivity in future 6th generation (6G) wireless networks. Despite this premise, there are still many questions to be answered for proper network design, including those associated to latency and coverage constraints. I...
This paper studies the maximum throughput achievable with optimal scheduling in multi-hop mmWave picocellular networks with Multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) radios. MU-MIMO enables simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers (Space Division Multiplexing) and simultaneous reception from multiple transmitters (Space Division Mu...
This paper studies the maximum throughput achievable with optimal scheduling in multi-hop mmWave picocellular networks with Multi-user Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) radios. MU-MIMO enables simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers (Space Division Multiplexing) and simultaneous reception from multiple transmitters (Space Division Mu...
Security aspects in underwater wireless networks have not been widely investigated so far, despite the critical importance of the scenarios in which these networks can be employed. For example, an attack to a military underwater network for enemy targeting or identification can lead to serious consequences. Similarly, environmental monitoring appli...
The Robotic Vessels as-a-Service (RoboVaaS) project intends to exploit the most advanced communication and marine vehicle technologies to revolutionize shipping and near-shore operations, offering on-demand and cost-effective robotic-aided services. In particular, the RoboVaaS vision includes a ship hull inspection service, a quay walls inspection...
Jamming may become a serious threat in Internet of Things networks of battery-powered nodes, as attackers can disrupt packet delivery and significantly reduce the lifetime of the nodes. In this work, we model an active defense scenario in which an energy-limited node uses power control to defend itself from a malicious attacker, whose energy constr...
Communication at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies is one of the main novelties introduced in the 5th generation (5G) of cellular networks. The opportunities and challenges associated with such high frequencies have stimulated a number of studies that rely on simulation for the evaluation of the proposed solutions. The accuracy of simulations la...
In this work, we face the issue of achieving an efficient dynamic mapping in vehicular networking scenarios, i.e., to obtain an accurate estimate of the positions and trajectories of connected vehicles in a certain area. State of the art solutions are based on the periodic broadcasting of the position information of the network nodes, with an inter...
The availability of cheap and easy-to-install sensors is bolstering the development of monitoring applications in IoT scenarios. Although there is a need for periodical measurements of the tracked signals to guarantee an accurate representation at the receiver, choosing an appropriate duration for the reporting window is not trivial. In fact, the e...
In the last decades, technological developments in wireless communications have been coupled with an increasing demand of mobile services. From real-time applications with focus on entertainment (e.g., high quality video streaming, virtual and augmented reality), to industrial automation and security scenarios (e.g., video surveillance), the requir...
Mobile cells are seen as an enabler of more flexible and elastic services for next-generation wireless networks, making it possible to provide ad hoc coverage in failure scenarios and scale up the network capacity during peak traffic hours and temporary events. When mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), mobile cells require a high-capacity, l...
The promise of widespread 5th generation (5G) and beyond wireless systems can only be fulfilled through extensive experimental campaigns aimed at validating the large body of theoretical findings on millimeter wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) frequencies. However, experimental research efforts in this field are often stymied by the lack of open ha...
IEEE 802.11bd and 3GPP NR V2X represent the new specifications for the next generation of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) networks, which will foresee the integration of the millimeter wave band in vehicular operations to address the high data rates and low latency requirements of V2V communications. In this paper, we review the latest standard developmen...
In cellular communication systems user discovery or initial access (IA) procedures enable a terminal entering a cell to connect to the base station (BS). Up to 4G systems, users broadcast a cell-connect request omnidirectionally, and the BS replies to the request. In 5G systems operating at mm-waves, directional transmissions (by means of beamformi...
In cellular communication systems user discovery
or initial access (IA) procedures enable a terminal
entering a cell to connect to the base station (BS). Up to
4G systems, users broadcast a cell-connect request omnidirectionally,
and the BS replies to the request. In 5G
systems operating at mm-waves, directional transmissions
(by means of beamformi...
Complex phenomena are generally modeled with sophisticated simulators that, depending on their accuracy, can be very demanding in terms of computational resources and simulation time. Their time-consuming nature, together with a typically vast parameter space to be explored, make simulation-based optimization often infeasible. In this work, we pres...
Over the years, the Internet has been enriched with new available communication technologies, for both fixed and mobile networks and devices, exhibiting an impressive growth in terms of performance, with steadily increasing available data rates. The Internet research community has kept trying to evolve the transport layer protocols to match the cap...
Recently, millimeter wave (mmWave) bands have been investigated as a means to enhance automated driving and address the challenging data rate and latency demands of emerging automotive applications. For the development of those systems to operate in bands above 6 GHz, there is a need to have accurate channel models able to predict the peculiarities...
The next generations of vehicles are expected to be equipped with sophisticated sensors to support advanced automotive services. The large volume of data generated by such applications will likely put a strain on the vehicular communication technologies, which may be unable to guarantee the required quality of service. In this scenario, it is funda...
Vehicles are becoming increasingly intelligent and connected, incorporating more and more sensors to support safer and more efficient driving. The large volume of data generated by such sensors, however, will likely saturate the capacity of vehicular communication technologies, making it challenging to guarantee the required quality of service. In...
One of the main strengths of Network Simulator 3 (ns-3) is the availability of modules to simulate cellular networks, including LTE and mmWave/NR deployments. These implementations model the protocol stack with a high level of detail, and, thanks to the integration with the whole ns-3 code base, make it possible to study end-to-end scenarios and id...
Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) is a recently proposed transport protocol, currently being standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It aims at overcoming some of the shortcomings of TCP, while maintaining the logic related to flow and congestion control, retransmissions and acknowledgments. It supports multiplexing of multi...
During incidents and disasters it is fundamental to provide to first responders high performance and reliable communications, in order to improve their coordination capabilities and their awareness of the surrounding environment, and to allow them to promptly transmit and receive alerts on possible dangerous situations or emergencies. The accurate...
The IEEE 802.11ad standard extends WiFi operation to the millimeter wave frequencies, and introduces novel features concerning both the physical (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers. However, while there are extensive research efforts to develop mechanisms for establishing and maintaining directional links for mmWave communications, fewer w...
Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) is being investigated as a means to overcome deployment costs of ultra-dense 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) networks by realizing wireless backhaul links to relay the access traffic. For the development of these systems, however, it is fundamental to validate the performance of IAB in realistic scenarios through en...
The growing penetration of on-board communication units is enabling intelligent vehicles to share their sensor data with cloud computing platforms as well as with other vehicles. Although this unlocks the possibility of a variety of emerging applications, the massive amount of data traffic in vehicular networks is expected to pose a big challenge i...
Vehicles are becoming increasingly intelligent and connected, incorporating more and more sensors to support safer and more efficient driving. The large volume of data generated by such sensors, however, will likely saturate the capacity of vehicular communication technologies, making it challenging to guarantee the required quality of service. In...
In a wirelessly-powered communication network (WPCN), an energy access point (E-AP) supplies the energy needs of the network nodes through radio frequency wave transmission, and the nodes store their received energy in their batteries for possible data transmission. In this paper, we propose an online control policy for energy transfer from the E-A...
The automotive industry is rapidly evolving towards connected and autonomous vehicles, whose ever more stringent data traffic requirements might exceed the capacity of traditional technologies for vehicular networks. In this scenario, densely deploying millimeter wave (mmWave) base stations is a promising approach to provide very high transmission...
The dissemination of vehicle position data all over the network is a fundamental task in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) operations, as applications often need to know the position of other vehicles over a large area. In such cases, inter-vehicular communications should be exploited to satisfy application requirements, although congestion control...
The next generation of cellular networks will exploit mmWave frequencies to dramatically increase the network capacity. Communication at such high frequencies, however, requires directionality to compensate the increased propagation loss. Users and base stations need to align their beams during both initial access and data transmissions to ensure t...