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Publications (15)
©American Psychological Association, 2025. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. The final article is available, upon publication, at: 10.1037/com0000417
The composite perception of individual elements and their configurations on the face during its recognition,...
Predator recognition is essential for prey survival, allowing for appropriate antipredator strategies. Some bird species, such as the red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio), distinguish not only between predators and non-threatening species but also between different predator species. Earlier studies have identified general predator “key features”, es...
An integral characteristic of all predators is their size, which affects, among other things, their food preferences, and the ability of their prey to fight them off. Several studies have already found, unsurprisingly, that birds discriminate between and respond differently to predators of different sizes. The red-backed shrike, Lanius collurio, ag...
The important role of facial elements (hooked beak and conspicuous eye colour) in the recognition of avian predators has been repeatedly demonstrated. However, no attention has yet been paid to the importance of their canonical configuration i.e., the relative position of the eyes and beak. In our study, we tested the ability of untrained wild tits...
The red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) used to be one of the most common hosts of the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). Nevertheless, during the last 30 years, there is increasing evidence from Central Europe that the occurrence of cuckoo chicks in shrike nests has become scarcer, and that in some locations they have disappeared completely. Multipl...
Red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio) show a substantial variability in their nest defence behaviour, which usually follows the rules of optimal parental behaviour, vigorously attacking egg and chick predators and only passively guarding against harmless animals. Nevertheless, shrikes hesitate to attack the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), which special...
Eavesdropping on heterospecific alarm calls is a crucial source of information for many species (including corvids) and it is effective especially if these species form mixed-species flocks, have a similar spectrum of predators, and share habitat. Previous research on wild common ravens (Corvus corax) has shown that they react to the jackdaws’ alar...
Nesting birds often respond to human disturbance as to a predatory act. In the case of the high Arctic, the disturbance of incubating birds may bring further complications due to egg cooling. In addition, it is assumed that birds in the high Arctic are not shy and do not respond to human presence fearfully. We tested how quickly the Arctic terns (S...
Identity signals have been studied for over 50 years but, and somewhat remarkably, there is no consensus as to how to quantify individuality in animal signals. While there is a variety of different metrics to quantify individuality, these methods remain un‐validated and the relationships between them unclear.
We contrasted three univariate and four...
Animals living in social proximity often have similar vocalizations. For many bird and several mammal species, at least part of the vocal similarity is socially learned during ontogeny. Little is known, however, about the ontogenetic origin of vocal similarities among siblings in polytocous mammals. We investigated the influence of social environme...
Identity signals have been studied for over 50 years but there is no consensus as to how to quantify individuality. While there are a variety of different metrics to quantify individual identity, or individuality, these methods remain un-validated and the relationships between them unclear.
We contrasted three univariate and four multivariate metri...
Piglet vocalization rates are used as welfare indicators. The emission rates of the two gross categories of piglet calls, namely low frequency calls (‘grunts’) and high frequency calls (‘screams’), may contain different information about the piglet’s internal state due to differing communicative functions of the two call types. More knowledge is ne...
Many studies have shown that animal vocalizations can signal individual identity and group/family membership. However, much less is known about the ontogeny of identity information—when and how this individual/group distinctiveness in vocalizations arises and how it changes during the animal's life. Recent findings suggest that even species that we...
Red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio) behave quite differently towards two common nest predators. While the European jay (Garrulus glandarius) is commonly attacked, in the presence of the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), shrikes stay fully passive. We tested the hypotheses that this passive response to the magpie is an alternative defense strategy. Nest...
We compared the responses of the nesting red-backed shrikes (Lanius collurio) to three dummies of a common nest predator, the Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius), each made from a different material (stuffed, plush, and silicone). The shrikes performed defensive behaviour including attacks on all three dummies. Nevertheless, the number of attacks si...
