Michael Parsonage

• Economist at Centre for Mental Health, London

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the biggest cause of death and disability in children and young people. TBI compromises important neurological functions for self-regulation and social behavior and increases risk of behavioral disorder and psychiatric morbidity. Crime in young people is a major social issue. “Early starters” often continue for a lif...

Gender-specific pathways of conduct problems (CP) from toddlerhood have received little attention. Using a nationally representative sample of UK children born in 2000-2001 (6458 boys and 6340 girls), the current study (a) identified subgroups of CP pathways separately for boys and girls from ages 3 to 11 and (b) examined early precursors (pregnanc...

Background: Previous evidence indicates that mental health problems are becoming more common for adolescents. Less is known about whether these trends have continued and there has been no study to date which has specifically focused on early adolescents over a sufficiently long period. This study examines changes in parent- and teacher-reported me...

Anxiety and depression are common among women during pregnancy and the year after birth. The consequences, both for the women themselves and for their children, can be considerable and last for many years. This study focuses on the economic consequences, aiming to estimate the total costs and health-related quality of life losses over the lifetime...

Spending on prison mental health care also varies widely across the country. In London and in the North East, Yorkshire and Humber, the NHS spends more than twice as much per prisoner than it does in the East Midlands and the South West. This variation cannot be explained by different levels of need or costs: it amounts to a postcode lottery in pri...

The costs of perinatal mental health problems PSSRU Personal Social Services Research Unit

Purpose – Behavioural problems in childhood often lead to poor long-term outcomes, including increased risk of adult mental illness, unemployment, criminality and shorter life expectancy. Most parents of affected children ask for help, usually from teachers or general practitioners, but only a small minority go on to access well implemented evidenc...

Key messages Many people with long-term physical health conditions also have mental health problems. These can lead to significantly poorer health outcomes and reduced quality of life. Costs to the health care system are also significant – by interacting with and exacerbating physical illness, co-morbid mental health problems raise total health c...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review representative literature on social inclusion and evaluate the usefulness of the concept in current mental health policy. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs a selective review of the cost‐effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving social inclusion in children, young adults with first...

"Cost of crime related to conduct disorder". Describes how the costs of crime used in the decision-analytic model were calculated from the Offending, Crime and Justice Survey and Home Office unit costs of crime.

"Cost of conduct disorder to the public and voluntary sectors". Describes how the costs to public and voluntary sectors were derived from existing literature and operationalized in the model.

Conduct disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in children and may persist into adulthood in about 50% of cases. The costs to society are high and impact many public sector agencies. Parenting programmes have been shown to positively affect child behaviour, but little is known about their potential long-term cost-effectiveness. We ther...

Objectives: Studies have suggested that as many as 26% of all primary care consultations may be attributed to medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). These somatoform disorders have previously been estimated to cost the health care system in England alone £ 3 billion per annum. Our objective therefore was to estimate the potential economic case for i...

Health systems aim to improve health and healthrelated wellbeing, but are always constrained by the resources available to them.They also need to be aware of the resources available in adjacent systems which can have such an impact on health, such as housing, employment and education.Careful choices therefore have to be made about how to utilise wh...

Background: Conduct disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in children and may persist into adulthood in about 50% of cases. The costs to society are high and impact many public sector agencies. Parenting programmes have been shown to positively affect child behaviour, but little is known about their potential long-term cost-effectiven...

Background: Conduct disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in children and may persist into adulthood in about 50% of cases. The costs to society are high and impact many public sector agencies. Parenting programmes have been shown to positively affect child behaviour, but little is known about their potential long-term cost-effectiven...

Medically unexplained symptoms are one of the most commonly encountered symptoms across all healthcare settings. They are also responsible for a large proportion of disability in the workforce and decreased quality of life. These patients represent an important clinical phenomenon with considerable direct and indirect economic consequences.This stu...

This briefing is aimed mainly at those responsible for commissioning employment-related and other services for people with severe mental health problems. It analyses the economic and financial case for Individual Placement and Support (IPS), a form of supported employment which helps service users into paid competitive work. There is abundant evide...

The National Service Framework for Mental Health (NSF-MH), published by the Department of Health in 1999, set an ambitious 10-year agenda for improving mental healthcare for working-age adults in England, based on seven quality standards covering all major services. The NSF-MH was supported by a series of other policy documents published by the gov...

The National Service Framework for Mental Health was published in late 1999, setting ambitious 10-year targets. This article draws on findings presented in a recent Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health report on progress to date. It concludes that although the framework confirmed the status of mental health as a health priority for the government, a...

Last year, £20.8 million was spent on mental health care in prisons through inreach teams. This is 11% of total prison health care spending or just over £300 for each member of the prison population. Prison inreach teams aim to provide the specialist mental health services to people in prison that are provided by community-based mental health teams...

This paper uses economic analysis to develop the case for greater investment in mental health promotion. One example of a common mental health problem for which there is robust evidence of effective interventions is conduct disorder. The paper estimates that preventing conduct disorders in those children who are most disturbed would save around £15...

It is nearly eight years since the National Service Framework for Mental Health was published, setting ambitious 10-year targets. This article draws on findings presented in a recent Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health report on progress to date. It concludes that although the framework confirmed the status of mental health as a health priority for...

This discussion paper presents initial calculations on the specification and costing for a good mental health service: one that would be able to implement in full the 1999 National Service Framework for Mental Health and subsequent government guidance. We welcome your feedback to help us to develop a full specification from which we can produce som...

• 'Payment by results' is a new way of paying for NHS hospital and community health services that will replace the present system of block contracts and locally agreed prices. It is planned to apply in time to all services, including mental health, and to be fully operational in 2008.• Under payment by results, hospitals and other providers will be...

This paper argues that non-monetary health benefits should not be discounted at the same rate as variables expressed in monetary terms. It argues instead that the appropriate discount rate should be at or close to zero. It explores the various influences of rising income, age and pure time preference on the relative value of current and future heal...