Michael Leyer

• Professor
• Professor at Philipps University of Marburg

The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns drove new types of interactions between employees. Before the pandemic, social interaction could be performed both in person and online, but measures against COVID-19 required a reduction in personal contact. As a result, employees were forced to interact via virtual meetings, which influenced their...

Purpose This paper aims to understand why for which products and services individuals engage in household decision-making of the shared households they are part of. Identifying why individuals influence the underlying decision-making is important to best understand and influence household consumer decisions efficiently. Design/methodology/approach...

ChatGPT opened a new chapter for using artificial intelligence (AI). Our results from 500 senior corporate decision-makers, focus on trust in introducing company internal generative AI applications. We find that decision-makers' perspectives differ between organi-sational departments, particularly those that face each other. Counterintuitively, abi...

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is a crucial step toward a sustainable energy future. However, the successful integration of EVs depends on the development of a robust and efficient charging infrastructure. This paper presents a conceptual analysis of EV charging networks based on the Energy Informatics Framework and Actor-Network Theory....

Research on environmental spillover, the phenomenon where engaging in one environmental behavior (EB) influences the likelihood of engaging in another EB, has expanded, introducing various theories and predictors to explain it. This study provides an overview and synthesis of the examined antecedents, behaviors, and consequences in environmental sp...

In recent years, immersive environments and the technologies employed within them, such as Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR), have become increasingly significant, particularly in the domains of education, work, and entertainment. Moreover, the concept of persistent, immersive virtual worlds – commonly referred to...

This study explores the potential of Human-AI Collaboration (HAIC) use cases as a tool for prospective sensemaking. Based on 14 interviews with executives of an automotive company, we identify and categorize HAIC use cases that can help organizations anticipate and strategically respond to the impact of HAIC. Feedback from the case company shows th...

Though human-AI collaboration (HAIC) is increasing, significant challenges persist in its effective adoption. Based on a systematic literature review, we propose a framework encompassing 15 obstacles to the adoption of HAIC in organizations, organized into three components of competence learning: knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Important obstacle...

This study investigates the influence of individual time experience on cognitive knowledge retrieval. Since time experience concepts like time perception has a relevant impact on memory processing and knowledge retrieval, this research aims to close the gap in understanding the effects of individual differences in time experience on these processes...

Our study explores the potential of human-AI collaboration (HAIC) through semi-structured interviews with 14 executives. We identify 63 HAIC use cases and classify them using a novel matrix combining value chain and group work activities. Most use cases identified are related to firm infrastructure and technology development, with very few pertaini...

Background As digital technologies and especially artificial intelligence (AI) become increasingly important in health care, it is essential to determine whether and why potential users intend to use related health information systems (HIS). Several theories exist, but they focus mainly on aspects of health care or information systems, in addition...

Objectives Indoor navigation systems (indoor positioning systems) can improve orientation for patients in hospitals and help employees to track assets. Many hospitals would like to implement indoor positioning systems but do not know how. To support them in doing this, and to gain knowledge about the requirements for indoor positioning system imple...

Fueled by recent technological developments and reinvigorated through the hype around the Metaverse concept, virtual worlds are becoming increasingly popular as platforms for social interaction, entertainment, and commerce. This study applies transaction cost theory to explore smart contracts' potential in virtual worlds, specifically Decentraland,...

Individuals perceive and imagine time uniquely, impacting their engagement in tasks and activities. Information systems are vital tools in these contexts, especially in work settings. Varied perceptions and preferences of time influence the dynamic between work structures, people, technologies, and tasks, either facilitating or impeding collaborati...

Quality labels are important measures for reducing the information asymmetry between principals and agents to enhance trust. However, little research is available on the effects of quality labels used in tax-preparation services from critical perspectives in accounting. The present research contributes to the field by addressing the underlying reas...

This paper examines trust towards distributed ledger-based smart contracts in supply chain management, aiming to develop a multidimensional model of trust and provide practical insights. A quantitative survey was conducted among supply chain employees in the United States. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the proposed model, revealing five tr...

Stresses and temptations in the workplace foster employee behaviour that is less than desirable. The term weasel has been used to describe employees that exhibit a variety of undesirable behaviour at work, including taking undeserved credit, performing below expectation, shirking work, and making co-workers look bad. While this behaviour has tradit...

This paper presents an empirical study with 150 graduate students at a business school to analyse the educational impact of experiential learning about process-oriented thinking in the classroom versus online learning setting. The results show that both learning settings are effective in increasing student performance but the increase in student pe...

Rationale: Vaccinations provide adequate protection against many virus-related diseases. Nonetheless, many individuals refuse voluntary vaccinations, and their refusal could contribute to the spread of diseases. Previous research on the intention to vaccinate has been limited by focusing on a single target group. Objective: In this study, we dev...

BACKGROUND As digital technologies and especially artificial intelligence (AI) become increasingly important in health care, it is essential to determine whether and why potential users intend to use related health information systems (HIS). Several theories exist, but they focus mainly on aspects of health care or information systems, in addition...

Digital elements are being increasingly used in higher education teaching, but the intention and their actual use vary depending on the lecturers. We used the reasoned action approach to understand the beliefs and intentions behind the use of digital elements in this context. We conducted a quantitative survey in which university lecturers shared t...

Purpose - Our understanding of the influence of institutional conditions on process innovation is still limited, despite managers' need to know which factors should be considered in decision-making and governments should be aware of how to foster process innovation through the provision of attractive institutions. Therefore, this paper aims to exam...

Indoor positioning systems (IPS) have become increasingly important in various sectors (e.g., airports, malls, hospitals). They are relatively new to universities and have not been adequately addressed in research. We investigate behavioral intentions to use such IPS in universities to close this gap. The objective is to investigate the intentions...

Background: Despite the great potential that technical solutions, based on the Internet of Things (IoT), offer for companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), companies are hesitant to implement such solutions. Reasons for this lie in the resulting far-reaching change, which particularly affects working activities and communic...

Efficient business process execution is an essential part of an organisation’s success. It depends on good dynamic decision making of process actors that is guided by their mental models of business processes (MMBP). The study investigates the effect of MMBPs on process performance at two levels. At the level of individuals, the impact of MMBP accu...

Lean is a management philosophy that aims to ensure the continuous improvement of value creation in companies. In order to implement Lean Management optimally, all employees of the company must be involved. Previous research, however, mainly looks at the implementation of the methods, the perception and attitude of the employees often get into the...

Interest in implementing artificial intelligence (AI)–based software in the public sector is growing. First implementations and research in individual public services have already been carried out; however, a better understanding of citizens' acceptance of this technology is missing in the public sector, as insights from the private sector cannot b...

Ongoing digitalization is leading to new health information systems (HIS) that help patients to better manage their health activities. For this, we use an integrated model following a duality approach to explain how patients intend to use HIS in order to change their ongoing service usage. On the one hand, we consider maladaptive appraisals by inve...

As digital technologies are increasingly important in healthcare, it is important to determine whether and why potential users intend to use such health information systems (HIS). Several theories exist however mainly focusing on either healthcare or information systems aspects next to general psychological theories. We develop an Integrated Theore...

Aims The aim of this research is to demonstrate how a theory-based model helps to investigate user intentions in early stages of product development. Methods We conducted a quantitative survey based on behavioral reasoning theory with 150 individuals with Type 1 diabetes. The data was analyzed with a structural equation model. Results The results...

Background Indoor positioning systems (IPS) have become increasingly important for several branches of the economy (eg, in shopping malls) but are relatively new to hospitals and underinvestigated in that context. This research analyzes the intention of actors within a hospital to use an IPS to address this gap. Objective To investigate the intent...

Workforce analytics brings data-driven methods to organizations for deriving insights from employee-related data and supports decision making. However, it faces an open challenge of lacking the capability to analyze the behavior of employee groups in order to understand organizational performance. This paper proposes a novel notion of work profiles...

Nowadays, IT operations devolve many tasks in IT services to internal customers (i.e., IT self-service). The rationale for this service task devolvement is often to reduce the IT personnel’s workload. However, prior research has shown that IT operations often fail to achieve this goal. Existing methods for modeling and analyzing services fall short...

Industrial organizations invest more and more in devices that are equipped with sensors to enable Internet of Things (IoT) networks. The options offered by these devices are however often not used adequately by employees as the interaction patterns and roles of IoT-objects are unclear. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the connections betw...

Der Artikel betrachtet die Rolle von künstlicher Intelligenz als neuer Akteur in der Interaktion zwischen Dienstleistern und Kunden. Dafür werden die Unterschiede von künstlicher Intelligenz zu Menschen bzw. normaler Software aufgezeigt und empirische Erkenntnisse der Wahrnehmung von künstlicher Intelligenz durch Kunden präsentiert. Basierend auf d...

Workforce analytics brings data-driven methods to organizations for deriving insights from employee-related data and supports decision making. However, it faces an open challenge of lacking the capability to analyze the behavior of employee groups in order to understand organizational performance. This paper proposes a novel notion of work profiles...

The rapidly increasing amount of data available in society and business drives the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). As the number of AI-based services is increasing, customers delegate intimate and relevant decisions to AI. However, current literature lacks understanding of what patterns of decision-making processes with AI involved exi...

BACKGROUND Indoor positioning systems (IPS) have become increasingly important for several branches of the economy (eg, in shopping malls) but are relatively new to hospitals and underinvestigated in that context. This research analyzes the intention of actors within a hospital to use an IPS to address this gap. OBJECTIVE To investigate the intent...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising and increasingly available technology for managerial decision-making. With the adoption of AI-enabled software, organizations can leverage various benefits of the technology; however, they also have to consider intended and unintended consequences of using the technology for managerial roles....

Aims The aim of the research is to understand the impact of individual cognitive behavioural aspects on the behaviour of individuals with Type 1 diabetes in resolving hypoglycaemia. Methods We conducted a quantitative survey based on cognitive psychological theory among 130 individuals with Type 1 diabetes to gain insights in their cognitive proce...

Hygiene is a very important topic in hospitals. Indoor Navigation/Indoor Localization (IN/IL) approaches are an effective way to minimize unplanned interactions and thus infections in hospitals. As hospitals are a relatively new area for the implementation of IN/IL systems, this research contributes to the field as it investigates the reasons for i...

Industrial organisations spend considerable resources on training employees with respect to the organisations’ business processes. These resources include business process models, diagrams depicting vital activities, workflows, roles, systems, and data within these processes. However, these models are difficult to comprehend, partly because they po...

The purpose of this paper is to take a behavioural perspective to reveal why employees hesitate to use business analytics in their operations throughout the whole organisation. We gather quantitative data with a survey in the financial services industry with 332 responses including both users of analytic tools as well as non-users. The results reve...

Die Einführung des Internet der Dinge erweitert die Möglichkeiten der Dienstleistungserbringung, ist aber gerade für KMUs eine große Herausforderung. In diesen stehen oft wenige Ressourcen für eine systematische Veränderung des Geschäftsmodells, die mit grundlegenden Auswirkungen auf Organisationsstruktur und Mitarbeiter einhergeht. Ziel des Beitra...

Forschungsfrage: Welche Bedenken und Ängste haben Mitarbeiter in Bezug auf die Digitalisierung im Unternehmen? Methodik: Studie (48 Banker), in der Digitalisierungsbedenken, persönlicher Innovationsgrad, Softwarenutzungsgrad sowie allgemeiner Digitalisierungsgrad der Unternehmen erfasst werden. Praktische Implikationen: Die Ergebnisse zeigen die...

Precision farming systems promise a highly efficient resource use reducing cost for farmers and contributing to the preservation of the environment. A major obstacle, however, in such systems dissemination is the reluctant adoption by farmers. Prior work is suggesting that mainly knowledge or missing resources for investment are barriers, while soc...

Employees play a major role in enabling organizations to innovate their processes. While conditions for participation have to be established, barriers have to be lowered and trainings take place, the motives of employees to participate in incremental and discontinuous process innovation are not well understood. One important soft factor not address...

Purpose Identifying handovers is an important but difficult to achieve goal for companies as handovers have advantages allowing for specialisation in processes as well as disadvantages by creating erroneous interfaces. Design/methodology/approach Conceptualisation of a method based on theory and evaluation with company data using a process model r...

Blockchain technology is an enabler of value transactions on decentralized, secure databases (ledgers). Despite still being in its early stages, we expect blockchain's impact on business and society to be disruptive. We provide a theory-based examination of blockchain technology's transformational impact from a business model and ecosystem perspect...

Organizations increasingly implement processes-oriented setups like value stream production. Whereas this transition may bring many advantages on an organizational level, related studies show that shop floor workers feel less able to maintain close contact with others and exchange awareness cues. Their diminished social connectedness has consequenc...

This article analyses the effect of perceived lean degree on job satisfaction in back-office environments in the financial services industry. The relationship between perceived lean principles and job satisfaction in general are analysed through an industry-wide survey and a focus on specific aspects of job satisfaction in a case study. The finding...

Organizations continuously aim for improved business performance through a process-oriented transformation. Such a transformation, however, is not limited only to the organizational level, but permeates the individual level as well. Research so far has not investigated the role of employees’ behavior and thinking, as individual process-orientation...

Previous research has highlighted the importance of individual factors predicting human beings’ relatively poor performance in controlling dynamic operational systems. Taking an industrial and organizational (IO) psychology perspective within a behavioral operations research context, this study focuses on erroneous stock-flow thinking and general c...

Aquaponic systems are often designated as sustainable food production systems that are still facing various challenges, especially when they are considered as a commercial endeavour that needs to compete on the market. The early stages of the aquaponics industry have witnessed a number of unrealistic statements about the economic advantageousness o...

It is important for companies that their operational employees have profound knowledge of the processes in which their work is embedded. 3D virtual world (VW) environments are promising for learning, especially for complex processes that have deviations from the standard flow. We design a 3D VW process training environment to improve process learni...

Der Beitrag adressiert die Zusammenarbeit von Institutionen in regionalen Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken und deren Dienstleistungsangebote für Unternehmen. Vor dem theoretischen Hintergrund der Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie wird die Rolle von Institutionen in regionalen Wertschöpfungsnetzwerken definiert. Auf dieser Basis werden Interviews mit Institutionen un...

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the way we do business. Whereas both the adoption of technological innovations and strategic decision making have been subject to prior research, this experimental study is first to combine both. To understand the impact of choice complexity and cognitive perceptions on the willingness to delegate a strate...

IT operations aims to reduce the IT personnel’s workload in IT self-services, which is not self-evident. This study explores how the IT personnel’s workload can be reduced in IT self-services. A multiple- case study with five IT self-services was conducted. Data was collected from two German IT service providers and a European software company. The...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal how information and communication technology (ICT) can empower shop floor workers in collaborative manufacturing environments. Design/methodology/approach The authors gather data from a mobile maintenance department of a steel manufacturing company and apply the method of a scenario-based design. Th...

In accounting, cost theory, and other areas of economics, different conceptualizations of the term “value” exist and different approaches for how to determine value have been proposed. Context-awareness is supposed to create benefits for enterprises with respect to flexibility of business services and robustness with respect to adaptation. But how...

Service organizations introduce self-service technologies to their customers to reduce cost and realize efficiency gains. However, for service organizations to realize such benefits, the customers must use the SSTs provided. Results from prior studies are too diverse to derive a proper set of relevant factors that must be considered in this regard....

Purpose Process-oriented behavior is a prerequisite for transforming a company into a process-oriented organization, but is difficult to achieve among employees. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of role plays on adapting process-oriented behavior in daily work practices. Design/methodology/approach Using the theory of co...

Well-defined processes and their execution are of high importance for micro-sized entrepreneurial companies. Such companies have limited resources requiring an efficient management of processes and a tendency to change their processes more often. While micro-sized companies are considered as differently mainly due to limited resources, prior litera...

New technologies such as blockchain are predicted to enable new service offers and ways to conduct service operations. While the technological possibilities have been explored intensively, the adoption rate among many service companies is still slow based on current technology adoption observations. An important reason for the slow adoption is miss...

Individuals need a variety of information when performing their personal processes. However, companies typically know little about the underlying individual demand patterns in these processes. Conceptualizing information demand patterns of individuals is expected to allow for using these as foundation to extend the traditional internal information...

Dienstleistungsprozesse sind durch Kundenintegration in der Leistungserstellung gekennzeichnet. Informationssysteme ermöglichen eine stärkere Einbindung von Kunden, aber die Auswirkungen auf die Prozessausführung sind oft unklar. Mit Simulationsmodellen der Prozesse kann dafür eine bessere Vorhersage getroffen werden. Es ist allerdings unklar, wie...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of increasing employees’ level of continuous improvement (CI) empowerment, i.e. employees’ knowledge and understanding of CI, the possibility of open communication and support from the work environment regarding CI, in the implementation of CI over time. Design/methodology/approach Based...

Advances in Information Technology (IT) have changed the nature of services, letting it become increasingly digitized. Pro-active services represent a new kind of digital service delivery model promising added value for the receiver of the service who can consume a service without being concerned about its initiation. However, research has provided...

Employees are confronted with more and more different kinds of digital support in their workplace. However, not every support of such kind is perceived posi-tively, but there are also downsides related to the increase of information and knowledge requirements that come along with it. Hence, employees are often overstrained, but differences and inte...

In most business processes, several activities need to be executed by human resources and cannot be fully automated. To evaluate resource performance and identify best practices as well as opportunities for improvement, managers need objective information about resource behaviors. Companies often use information systems to support their processes,...

Market competition requires that organisations excel at both operational performance and innovation. Though process orientation is intended to benefit operations in general, the impact of specific elements remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify the specific organisational design components of process orientation that simultaneous...

Purpose The business engineering (BE) methodology is used to design process-oriented and customer-centred companies in a systematic and holistic way. However, BE demands a high learning effort with regard to the logical flow, instruments and supporting software. The purpose of this paper is to explore which elements of action learning are most usef...

Enterprise modeling is an important and widespread activity in managing enterprises. A well-founded conceptualization of its value is however missing so far which can be traced back to different understandings of constituents of enterprise modelling. Addressing these different understandings, we propose to take a service-centric perspective to dete...

Empirical and anecdotal evidence point to the advantages of a process orientation from an organizational perspective but do not explicitly consider the potential disadvantages or the employee’s perspective. However, to be able to profit from a process orientation, organizations undergoing a transformation of their organizational structure must ensu...

Given the ongoing digitization of service, understanding the value co-creation process in the self-service context is getting more and more relevant for practitioners and academics alike. Prior research on service co-production has primarily focused on the service beneficiaries’ causal paths of value determination or has conceptualized value as uti...

We examine whether role plays have the potential to advance process-oriented behaviour (i.e. employees perform their activities while considering other activities and colleagues in the process) of employees in daily work practices. Process-oriented behaviour is difficult to achieve. In our paper we argue that role plays in which participants take o...

Employees' knowledge as the guarantor of companies' success is an important asset of the enterprises' value. However, this knowledge is often not optimally used or even visible and available for employees and management within companies. This intangible knowledge leads to continuously reinvented wheels within organisations and employees misspend ti...

Systemising services is of high importance as it provides a basic framework for using and comparing approaches within service management and engineering. However, existing approaches to systemise services remain limited with regard to their usefulness for operations management. We argue that a unified service theory that covers every aspect of char...

Understanding activities of individuals is of major importance because their actions are the main foundation of economic activity. However, there is a lack of understanding with regard to how individual activities are characterised. Thus, we develop a first conceptual classification for individual activities extending the view on business processes...

This article presents the practices of Australian and German financial service providers regarding the implementation of shop-floor control within different types of service systems. The results delivered in this article should serve as a guideline for future research to develop and adapt methods for shop-floor control in financial service systems....

We examine whether role plays have the potential to advance process-oriented behavior (i.e.employees perform their activities while considering other activities and colleagues in the process) of employees in daily work practices. Process-oriented behavior is difficult to achieve. In our paper we argue that role plays in which participants take over...