Michael E Kjelland

Conservation, Genetics & Biotech, LLC & Mayville State University & Fossil Excavators · R&D

Fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols for beef cattle in South America are primarily based on estradiol esters and intravaginal progesterone-releasing devices (IVPD). The objective of this study was to determine the optimal gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-based protocol as an alternative to the use of estrogen-based protocols i...

Objective: Evaluate the White-tailed Deer (WTD) in vitro embryo production (IVP) and oocytes vitrified with Trehalose (TH) or Sucrose (SC). Design/methodology/approach: Total vitrified oocytes were placed into two different groups: TH (n 60) and SC (n 61). Samples were selected and analyzed for viability evaluation TH (n 5) and SC (n 5), nuclear st...

Two model systems were investigated in order to gain a better knowledge of AX interaction with Na-MMT clay surface: (1) dry clay model and AX chains, (2) clay model and AX chains with a different percentage of water molecules. As for the in vitro component concerning AX, the breast cancer cells were cultured successfully, in 2D and 3D conditions. H...

Biopolymers are functional material and majority of biopolymers are derived from plants which are of great interest to researchers and professionals across various disciplines. In addition to their application in food industry, polymers are being used as materials for drug transport, medical implants organs, wound healing, and dressing. The polymer...

Objective: Evaluate the use of Ethylene Glycol (EG), Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), Sucrose and Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) as cryoprotectants and their effect on the organization of chromosomes and the arrangement of microtubules, during the vitrification process in goat oocytes matured in vitro and in the development of preimplantation embryos produced...

Transvaginal ultrasound‐guided oocyte retrieval (commonly called OPU) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) in cattle has shown significant progress in recent years, in part, as a result of a better understanding of the full potential of these tools by end users. The combination of OPU and IVP (OPU‐IVP) has been successfully and widely commercially...

The objective of this study was as follows: 1) to successfully culture pancreatic cancer cells 2) determine whether various concentrations of ferulic acid (FA) addition to cells causes, DNA fragmentation, cell death, and deterioration. First, 2 vials containing 10,000 MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic carcinoma cells were cultured in DMEM media supplemen...

Progesterone (P4) priming may contribute to enhance conception in primiparous and multiparous cows. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of a P4 priming 10 days before fixed-time AI (FTAI). Primiparous (Primi), first-calf, Angus cows (24–28 months of age) and multiparous (Multi) Hereford cows (4–6 years of age) weighing 479.33 ± 52.51 kg...

The transfer of cryopreserved embryos has great potential to disseminate valuable genetics in sheep; however, a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of in vitro-produced ovine embryos (IVP) is still being improved. A cryopreservation protocol would facilitate the commercialisation of IVP ovine embryos. The objective of this research was to evalua...

At present, in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET) have had a great impact on animal production. IVP is a very useful tool for genetic improvement in cattle. IVP using prepubertal females reduces the generation interval and significantly improves the rate of genetic gain associated with the use of sexed semen and increases the in...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) allows the production of progeny from non-fertile females, pregnant, lactating, and even dead females. The transfer of cryopreserved embryos is very important for commercialisation and for disseminating valuable genetics. A more efficient IVP cryopreservation protocol is still being sought for ovine embryos. The obj...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) has had a great impact for the genetic improvement in cattle, and most embryos produced worldwide are generated by this technology. The transfer of cryopreserved embryos is very important for commercialisation and for disseminating valuable genetics. A more efficient IVP protocol is still being sought for bovine emb...

Follicular wave and ovulation synchronisation differ depending on the selection of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) versus oestradiol for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols. The aim of this research was to determine reproduction efficiency of virgin beef heifers using either GnRH or oestradiol salts. Prior to beginning the wo...

Controlled breeding based on progesterone (P 4 impregnated intravaginal releasing devices have been used worldwide for estrus synchronization and controlled breeding in heifers and suckled beef cows under grazing conditions However, follicle wave and ovulation synchronization differ depending on the selection of gonadotropin releasing hormone versu...

The transfer of cryopreserved embryos has great potential to disseminate valuable genetics in sheep; however, a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of in vitro-produced ovine embryos (IVP) is still being improved. A cryopreservation protocol would facilitate the commercialisation of IVP ovine embryos. The objective of this research was to evalua...

Progesterone (P 4 concentrations remain low throughout the postpartum anestrous period The postpartum cow generally exhibits a small rise in P 4 concentration 3 to 7 days before the first postpartum ovulatory cycle (often referred to as a “short cycle”) This P 4 priming before resumption of normal ovarian cycling activity could affect first concept...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) allows the production of progeny from non-fertile females, pregnant, lactating, and even dead females. The transfer of cryopreserved embryos is very important for commercialisation and for disseminating valuable genetics. A more efficient IVP cryopreservation protocol is still being sought for ovine embryos. The obj...

At present, in vitro embryo production (IVP) and embryo transfer (ET) have had a great impact on animal production. IVP is a very useful tool for genetic improvement in cattle. IVP using prepubertal females reduces the generation interval and significantly improves the rate of genetic gain associated with the use of sexed semen and increases the in...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) has had a great impact for the genetic improvement in cattle, and most embryos produced worldwide are generated by this technology. The transfer of cryopreserved embryos is very important for commercialisation and for disseminating valuable genetics. A more efficient IVP protocol is still being sought for bovine emb...

Oyster Reef Connectivity: Ecological Benefits and Associated Vulnerabilities

The purpose of this study was to compare the maturation, cellular division, and blastocyst production rates of water buffalo oocytes at 18, 21 and 24 hours of incubation. These oocytes were obtained through follicular puncture, assessed, and matured in BO-IVM medium at 38.5°C, and with a 5% of CO 2, at 18 (n=31), 21 (n=34) and 24 hours (n=33). Fert...

SexedULTRA-4M™ is made using an improved method of sex-sorting sperm in a less damaging environment for better retaining sperm integrity throughout the sorting process. The objective of this research was to compare conventional (CONV) and SexedULTRA-4M™ (ULTRA-4M) semen for bovine IVP using four Angus bulls. Matured slaughterhouse oocytes (n = 4000...

Background Tissue engineering involves the expansion of cells from a small biopsy, followed by in vitro cell culturing in temporary three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds (Chen et al., 2002). AX has shown a modulatory action on T reg. cells in cancer patients, possibly resulting in an advantageous immunomodulatory effect in those affected with autoimmune...

Utilizing the bioactive compound arabinoxylan extracted from wheat bran combined with chitosan, a biomaterial used in tissue engineering, we produced polymeric scaffolds that can sustain the growth and development of mesenchymal stem cells in a 3-dimensional environment with morphology related to those within the body.

The transfer of cryopreserved embryos has great potential to disseminate valuable genetics in cattle; however, a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of in vitro-produced embryos (IVP) for direct transfer is still being improved. The combination of IVP and cryopreservation can be further enhanced when associated with the new sexed semen technolog...

Sexed semen technology has been modernised and is now known as ULTRA™ (STgenetics). In laboratory trials with in vitro-produced (IVP) bovine embryos, there was no difference between conventional semen (CONV) and X chromosome-bearing SexedULTRA-4M semen (ULTRA-4M) in blastocyst production. However, the scientific literature lacks information about I...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is an important tool for genetic improvement in small ruminants. For the success of IVP, semen quality is one of the most important aspects to consider. The differences between ejaculates from the same animal (especially during different seasons) is well documented in domestic sheep (Ovis aries). The objective of th...

Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid) is a phenolic compound and can be extracted in high concentrations from the cell wall of wheat bran. The objective of this study was as follows: 1) to successfully culture pancreatic cancer cells, 2) determine whether ferulic acid addition to cells causes cell death and deterioration, 3) compare effe...

Arabinoxylan (AX) has beneficial impacts on many physiology processes, including the ability to interact with gut bacteria and result in a prebiotic manner. The enzymatic degradation of arabinoxylan along with hydrolysis produces arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) results in health benefits including immunomodulatory activity. The arabinoxylan wa...

Domestic cat in vitro embryo production (IVEP) begins with IVM of oocytes to produce mature oocytes; that is, MII. The domestic cat (Felis catus) has been used as a model to carry out assisted reproductive technology (ART) research for application in wild feline species that may be threatened or endangered. The objective of this research was to eva...

Sperm selection methods are routinely applied to prepare semen for IVF in animal species. These procedures are used to improve sperm quality characteristics as well as to remove other background material and debris. Percoll gradient is widely used in animal IVF laboratories. Different Percoll gradient concentrations and volumes can be used to impro...

SexedULTRA 4M™ (Select Sires) is made using an improved method of sex-sorting sperm in a less damaging environment for retaining sperm integrity through the sorting process. The combination of in vitro embryo production (IVP) and sexed semen technologies has been successful for intensity selection in the cattle industry. The objective of this resea...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is an important tool for genetic improvement in small ruminants. Semen quality is one of the most important aspects to consider for the success of this assisted reproductive technique. With ovine IVP, it is a common practice to use fresh semen for IVF, but this could be a problem because the differences between ejac...

Colour-Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) has been applied for a more detailed examination of the ovary and uterus, mainly local blood flow in ovarian follicles and the corpus luteum (CL). The main use of CDU is for the diagnosis of early pregnancy or the selection of recipients for embryo transfer in cattle; however, this tool can also be used to selec...

SexedULTRA 4M™ (Select Sires) is made using an improved method of sex-sorting sperm in a less damaging environment for retaining sperm integrity through the sorting process. The combination of in vitro embryo production (IVP) and sexed semen technologies has been successful for intensity selection in the cattle industry. The objective of this resea...

Sperm selection methods are routinely applied to prepare semen for IVF in animal species. These procedures are used to improve sperm quality characteristics as well as to remove other background material and debris. Percoll gradient is widely used in animal IVF laboratories. Different Percoll gradient concentrations and volumes can be used to impro...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) is an important tool for genetic improvement in small ruminants. Semen quality is one of the most important aspects to consider for the success of this assisted reproductive technique. With ovine IVP, it is a common practice to use fresh semen for IVF, but this could be a problem because the differences between ejac...

Colour-Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) has been applied for a more detailed examination of the ovary and uterus, mainly local blood flow in ovarian follicles and the corpus luteum (CL). The main use of CDU is for the diagnosis of early pregnancy or the selection of recipients for embryo transfer in cattle; however, this tool can also be used to selec...

Domestic cat in vitro embryo production (IVEP) begins with IVM of oocytes to produce mature oocytes; that is, MII. The domestic cat (Felis catus) has been used as a model to carry out assisted reproductive technology (ART) research for application in wild feline species that may be threatened or endangered. The objective of this research was to eva...

The Pterostilbene (PT) molecule is a phytoalexin with a reducing‐effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and with a capacity to block lipogenesis. However, the potential reducing effects of PT on equatorial lipid accumulation and ROS have not yet been elucidated for in vitro‐derived bovine embryos. The present study evaluated the effects of concent...

This report assesses potential impacts to aquatic resources resulting from proposed navigation channel expansion activities within Mobile Bay, Ala-bama. This work was conducted for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Mobile District, to support development of a supplemental Envi-ronmental Impact Statement. Changes in water quality and hydrodyn...

Contents Cryopreservation of in vitro‐derived bovine embryos is a crucial step for the widespread reproduction and conservation of valuable high‐merit animals. Given the current popularity of bovine in vitro embryo production (IVP), there is a demand for a highly efficient ultra‐low temperature storage method in order to maximize donor ovum pickup...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) can increase the reproductive potential and genetic quality of cattle, as well as other species. This powerful assisted reproduction tool can be used to produce embryos from prepubertal calves, reducing the generation interval. A recent sexed semen technology known as SexedULTRA 4M® (STgenetics®), completely modifie...

Isolation of germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase I (MI) oocytes from large antral follicles in hyperstimulated mice is a common technique for the retrieval of immature oocytes from ovaries. Mice are usually primed with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), and large antral follicles are punctured under a microscope to isolate GV or MI oocytes. Is...

The first commercial production of sexed semen was at the Cogent company in the United Kingdom. Since then millions of offspring have been born using sexed semen produced by flow cytometry. Currently, the technology of sexed semen has been modernized to what is now known as SexedULTRA ® (STgenetics ®), completely modifying the technique, the media...

White-tailed Deer (WTD) in vitro embryo production (IVP) is not well documented, in part due to the seasonality of wildlife species and available hunting permits. It is noteworthy that more than half of the 45 species (or subspecies) in the family Cervidae are threatened or endangered with extinction. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs), incl...

The aim of this study was to compare OPU yields, developmental competence of oocyte cumulus complexes (COCs) and pregnancy rates from Angus donors in a commercial IVP setting. Synchronization, FSH stimulation and 48 h coasting prior to ovum pick up in Angus cows increased the number of collected viable oocytes and embryo development rates. More tra...

Aims The present study aims to define maturation, yield, health, and ease of collection of murine immature oocytes recovered using the conventional method or from mice treated with cilostazol. Main methods The conventional method included the superovulation of mice and the recovery of germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase (MI) oocytes from preovulato...

White-tailed deer (WTD) in vitro embryo production is not well documented, due to the seasonality of the wildlife species and available hunting permits. The objective of the present study was to conduct IVM and IVF using WTD oocytes vitrified with trehalose (TH) or sucrose (SC). A total of 121 immature oocytes were obtained from ovaries (n = 18) us...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) has become a reliable alternative for genetic improvement in beef and dairy herds. Maximizing embryo yield and pregnancy per donor are key factors. The aim of this study was to compare ovum pickup (OPU) yields, developmental competence of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), and pregnancy rates from Angus donors in a co...

The first commercial production of sexed semen was at the Cogent company in the United Kingdom. Since then millions of offspring have been born using sexed semen produced by flow cytometry. Sexed semen technology has recently been modernized to what is now known as ULTRA (ST Genetics), completely modifying the technique, medium, and sperm concentra...

In vitro embryo production (IVP) can increase the reproductive potential and genetic quality of cattle, as well as other species. This powerful assisted reproduction tool can be used to produce embryos from prepubertal calves, reducing the generation interval. A recent sexed semen technology known as ULTRA (ST Genetics), completely modified the tec...

Administration of cilostazol in mice and swine has resulted in the ovulation of immature oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) or metaphase I (MI) stages. The present study aimed to define oocyte synchronised maturation, yield, health, and ease of collection from mice treated with cilostazol. The conventional method included mice primed with pregnan...

The aim of the present research was to simulate the Salton Sea elevation, volume, and total dissolved solids (TDS) to assess 34 different scenarios through the year 2024 in order to better evaluate the effects of potential water management scenarios. Parameterization of an existing Salton Sea simulation model, i.e., Salton Sea Stochastic Simulation...

In vitro production ( IVP ) of embryos and associated technologies in cattle have shown significant progress in recent years, in part driven by a better understanding of the full potential of these tools by end users. The combination of IVP with sexed semen ( SS ) and genomic selection ( GS ) is being successfully and widely used in North America,...

Nearly all animal species have utilized photoperiod to cue seasonal behaviors and life history traits. We investigated photoperiod responses in keystone species, Daphnia magna, to identify molecular processes underlying ecologically‐important behaviors and traits using functional transcriptomics analyses. Daphnia magna were photoperiod‐entrained im...

Sperm cryopreservation facilitates the storage and transport of germplasm for its use in artificial insemination (AI) and other advanced reproductive technologies. The cryopreservation process can damage sperm and compromise functionality. Several cryobiological studies have found that the physical and biological factors that affect sperm survival...

Macro-imagineered computer model of Salton Sea alternative futures under climate uncertainty and water transfer considerations. February 2019.

A container system for cryogenically and non-cryogenically storing and identifying biological material stored therein wherein the container system includes semen straws, vitrification straws, and canes for holding such straws, the present improvement including positioning and locating a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag on or within semen s...

This study used Pterostilbene to optimize the in vitro embryo culture system. Pterostilbene, which has the capacity to block the lipogenesis in other cell lineages, was used in the embryo culture media to test whether or not supplementing embryos with Pterostilbene decreases intracytoplasmatic lipid accumulation.

The scientific literature lacks information regarding the incubation conditions and hatching success of the resplendent quetzal (Pharomachrus mocinno mocinno). Jesús Estudillo López, founder of the El Nido aviary, was the first to succeed with quetzal reproduction in captivity. Quetzals do not typically reproduce in captivity and the aim of this st...

Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) is a biotechnology widely used for genetic improvement in cattle; however, there is great variability in donor response. Differences between management, genotype, environmental conditions, among other factors, can affect MOET results. The traditional protocols consist of 8 twice-daily FSH applications i...

Improving in vitro production efficiency involves the development of effective oocyte in vitro maturation conditions. Although >80% of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) undergo nuclear maturation, only approximately 30 to 35% of immature bovine COC develop to the blastocyst stage. Also, animal-sourced FSH is typically used in IVF, so an effective alte...

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) continue to develop rapidly, allowing for the development of techniques to increase reproductive efficiency and contribute to the genetic improvement of cattle. Some of these techniques include in vitro production (IVP) of embryos and embryo transfer. These modern ART can help produce offspring with highly d...

Reproductive biotechnology has continued to evolve rapidly, allowing the development of techniques to increase reproductive efficiency and contribute to the genetic improvement of cattle. Some of these techniques include the in vitro maturation and IVF of oocytes, sperm sexing and cloning. These modern assisted reproductive techniques can help prod...

Various permeating cryoprotectants, such as glycerol and ethylene glycol, have been used in the cryopreservation of embryos to help maintain cellular viability during indefinite and prolonged periods of storage in liquid nitrogen. The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of glycerol (G) and ethylene glycol (EG) after storage in liq...

Results: A total of 27 quetzal eggs [mean weight (g) = 17.3, s.d. = 1.2] were incubated over 3 years, of which 10 (~37%) hatched, with 3 (30%) fledging and surviving to adulthood (Figure 1c, d). Six of the eggs (~22%) suffered embryonic mortality during incubation, whereas 11 eggs were infertile (~41%). Hatchability over the study period was 62.5%...

Improving in vitro production efficiency involves the development of effective oocyte in vitro maturation conditions. Although >80% of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) undergo nuclear maturation, only approximately 30 to 35% of immature bovine COC develop to the blastocyst stage. Also, animal-sourced FSH is typically used in IVF, so an effective alte...

Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer (MOET) is a biotechnology widely used for genetic improvement in cattle; however, there is great variability in donor response. Differences between management, genotype, environmental conditions, among other factors, can affect MOET results. The traditional protocols consist of 8 twice-daily FSH applications i...

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) continue to develop rapidly, allowing for the development of techniques to increase reproductive efficiency and contribute to the genetic improvement of cattle. Some of these techniques include in vitro production (IVP) of embryos and embryo transfer. These modern ART can help produce offspring with highly d...

Reproductive biotechnology has continued to evolve rapidly, allowing the development of techniques to increase reproductive efficiency and contribute to the genetic improvement of cattle. Some of these techniques include the in vitro maturation and IVF of oocytes, sperm sexing and cloning. These modern assisted reproductive techniques can help prod...

Various permeating cryoprotectants like Glycerol and Ethylene Glycol have been used in the cryopreservation of embryos to help maintain cellular viability during indefinite and prolonged periods of storage in liquid nitrogen. The objective of this research was to compare the efficiency of Glycerol (G) and Ethylene Glycol (EG) after storage in liqui...

Industrial polluters play a major role in the effects of ecotoxicity translated to apex predators. Bioaccumulation of harmful metals up the food chain is an alarming human-health concern, particularly in at-risk populations such as young children and women of child-bearing age. Alligator meat has been touted as a healthy protein alternative to beef...

Transvaginal ultrasound needle-guided ovum pick-up (OPU) and IVP represent powerful tools to multiply selected females in a short period of time. Maximizing the quantity and quality of retrieved oocytes is key for obtaining the best embryo development and implantation rates. The aim of this study was to compare OPU yields and developmental competen...

Efecto del pH de cinco soluciones extensoras sobre la movilidad espermática en trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Effect of pH on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm motility using five extender solutions Recibido: 29 de mayo de 2017. Aceptado: 26 de junio de 2018. Peralta-Martínez M. de los Á., S. Romo García, M. E. Kjelland y H. González...

The present invention is a cryogenic storage receptacle for RFID data made up of a cryogenic container having a delivery end and a tag end partially closed by a pressure equalization cap. A RFID tag is located adjacent to the tag end. Partial closure of the tag end by pressure equalization cap allows a plunger arm to push the plunger and expel the...

To more accurately predict recruitment of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in waterbodies downstream of a source population, factors that control the successful transport of zebra mussel larvae need to be quantified. Turbulence has been identified in previous studies as a likely factor in larval morality in rivers and streams where turbulent en...

It is known that Zinc (Zn) is important in several aspects of reproduction, including fertility and the production of sexual hormones. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different amounts and types of Zn on ejaculate collection time and training behaviour of young boars. For this purpose, non-castrated domestic boars (York × Landrace, Sus...

Zinc (Zn) is essential for the development and activity of sperm, although its cytotoxic effect on sperm has been little studied. This study evaluated the effect of organic Zn; that is, Zn-methionate (Zn-Met), on the DNA fragmentation of boar sperm. Domestic boars (York × Landrace, Sus scrofa domesticus; n = 15) were randomly allocated into 3 level...

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sperm extender protocols can differ considerably with regards to composition of the extenders and handling. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pH for 5 extenders on rainbow trout sperm motility and activation during storage at 5°C. Two-year-old sexually mature rainbow trout males (n = 46)...