Michael Glassman

• The Ohio State University

Today’s dominant search engines like Google rely on a mix of algorithmic signals and do not necessarily generate results ordered purely based on co-occurrences between keywords and concepts directly relevant to users. These factors may contribute to difficulties faced by high schoolers, college age students, and adults in comparing varied perspecti...

Despite the growing use of learning technology in classrooms, factors predicting young students' engagement in contexts fully or partially mediated by technology remain understudied. This study investigated how fourth and fifth grade students' technology self‐efficacy (ie, confidence in utilizing learning management systems) and networking agency (...

This mixed-methods study examined Grade 4 students’ growth in two types of civic competencies—argumentation skills and disciplinary thinking, and how civic competencies interweave and co-develop over an academic year in the context of an interdisciplinary social studies curriculum called Digital Civic Learning (DCL). A total of 106 fourth-grade stu...

Studies suggest college students/adult learners interacting with current search tools like Google display tendency to power-browse and adhere to page-ranking order in choosing sources to supplement writing. Such limitations may limit critical reflectivity. We present a tool, ThoughtShuffler which allows users to malleably alter neighborhoods of key...

This paper investigates whether 4th and 5th grade students studying about local and systemic issues (in the U.S. and globally), respectively, in social studies classrooms through four units of technology-enriched instruction differed in their use of affect, logic, and morality related words in discussion posts. Our moderation analysis revealed whil...

This three-part paper presents Gordon Pask’s conversation theory (CT) and interaction of actors theory (IA) and outlines ways to apply these cybernetic approaches to designing technologies and scenarios for both formal and informal learning. The first part explains the concepts central to CT and IA, explaining the relationship between conceptual an...

The phrase social media (SM) has become pervasive over the last decade, even though we are still in the early stages of understanding the meanings of different types of electronic communication and information sharing, both as a dynamic force in people’s lives and as a unique social phenomenon. Despite SM’s increasing importance and relevance as pa...

The phrase social media (SM) has become pervasive over the last decade, even though we are still in the early stages of understanding the meanings of different types of electronic communication and information sharing , both as a dynamic force in people's lives and as a unique social phenomenon. Despite SM's increasing importance and relevance as p...

The Soviet psychologist L.S. Vygotsky was immersed in theater and the arts through much of his life, collaborating with scholars of the psychology of acting, including Konstantin Stanislavski’s close confidant and long-time editor Liubov Gurevich on terms and theories expressed in his historically defining text, An Actor’s Work. This paper connects...

In an era marked by rapid information flows, search engine use often precedes online exploration. Search engines like Google function through reliance on over 200 signals that fine tune consumer behavior and provide ordered results. This process “adds a little something extra” to the idea of re- sults ordered by pure conceptual relationships betwee...

Immersive storytelling (IST) is usually conceptualized within the framework of technologically immersive tools such as virtual, augmented, and mixed reality. While these tools offer some unique features (such as visual fidelity, interactivity, and embodied, first-person perspective), their level of technological immersion (based on the system’s obj...

This paper discusses the operationalization of open educational practices (OEP) using innovative, Internet-influenced pedagogies to expose dangers of post-truth narratives. We first review interpretations of OEP (associated with open-access & tools, collaboration, and problem-centered/democratic pedagogy), and explore possibilities for creating edu...

In this study, we used a computerized text analysis tool to understand the use of logic-oriented language, emotion-oriented language, and sociomoral language derived from 662 Flipgrid videos produced by 120 fourth and fifth graders in social studies classrooms. Flipgrid is an online video-based discussion platform providing an educational version o...

The present study examines how 4th and 5th grade students choose between using either asynchronous text-based or video-based discussion tools when they express their opinions about controversial social issues. We particularly focus on how their choices are related to their socioeconomic status and online digital citizenship. We analyzed the modalit...

The purpose of this study was to examine whether justifying one’s own social knowledge (moral, societal, psychological) toward complex social-moral issues through collaborative argumentation was associated with the improvement of social perspective taking for elementary students. A total of 129 5th graders (52% female, Mage = 10.98) from six classr...

This set of children's stories about food security were used as part of a federally funded project supported by the Institute of Education Sciences focused on using immersive learning approaches for social studies elementary instruction in economics. They cover struggles experienced in food deserts during the COVID-19 pandemic, and grassroots level...

This qualitative study presents 27 students’ insights about four teachers’ implementation of an immersive Native American history curricular unit designed to equip students with digital skills to critically navigate complex, polarizing social issues. The Digital Civic Learning (DCL) curriculum used Google Suite and Google Classroom or Schoology to...

Purpose School leaders work in a fast-paced job that requires critical decision-making, often without the luxury of time. Additionally, problems may be new and leave school leaders feeling isolated and ill-equipped to adequately address situations. To that end, this study introduced the use of Reddit, a social media platform, to connect school lead...

Participation is most often portrayed as positive for human condition. Humans are social creatures, and they tend to be at their best when they work together to solve problems. But participation can be very different depending on social circumstances. This paper identifies two types of participation, based in part on the work of Ivan Illich, with v...

The current study examined the development of early adolescents’ social perspective taking (SPT) through collaborative small-group discussions. A total of 250 fifth-graders were assigned to three conditions, Collaborative Social Reasoning (CSR) discussions, Read-Aloud (RA) and Regular Instruction (RI). SPT was assessed before and after the interven...

Despite iterative learning design being increasingly implemented, such approaches are often delineated by well-defined periods of design/implementation. However, second-order cybernetics, which suggests a participatory approach to learning design, involves responsively adapting learning environments to meet students’ needs, treating them as agentic...

Visuospatial (VS) skills, or one’s ability to mentally manipulate spatial information about objects, are critical to STEM enrollment, retention, and achievement. Low level of VS skills may deter some people from joining the STEM workforce or complicate their learning experience. While there is plenty of evidence suggesting that VS skills can be imp...

In our mixed methods study, we understand how social media sites (e.g. Reddit) can create learning networks for school leaders and their staff. We suggest such networks may guide leadership decisions when sensitive issues arise that may require help-seeking from others with similar experiences. Our data is from our study in educational administrati...

In the Information Age, social media tools produce cybernetic feedback loops that respond to human agency on-the-fly, making it important to equip individuals with skills to navigate these feedback loops and traverse through a society where polarized online debates about controversial issues like climate change and vaccines are common. Educational...

Visuospatial (VS) skills have been shown to be a crucial foundation for success in STEM courses and careers while the impact of visuospatial self-efficacy (VSSE) has been overlooked. To address the lack of a reliable instrument to measure VSSE, we developed and validated a VSSE scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis of the initial 42 scale items (n = 1...

This paper investigates how psychological needs spurring self-determined motivation relate to collective efficacy for flourishing in online learning communities. Self-determination theory posits individuals experience intrinsic motivation to flourish at educational tasks because of targeted satisfaction of the three psychological needs: autonomy, r...

This paper focuses on the (continuing) Gamestop (GME) saga, where users of the subreddit Wallstreetbets (and later r/GME) subreddit challenged the flow of financial information from legacy media outlets in understanding financial manipulations and possibilities involved in the GME stock price. An extraordinary surge in value was attributed to activ...

This paper focuses on the (continuing) GameStop (GME) saga, where users of the subreddit Wallstreetbets (and later r/GME) subreddit challenged the flow of financial information from legacy media outlets in understanding financial manipulations and possibilities involved in the GME stock price. An extraordinary surge in value was attributed to activ...

This three-part paper reinforces crosscurrents between cybernetician Gordon Pask’s work towards creating responsive machines applied to theater and education, and Vygotsky’s theory, to advance sociohistorical approaches into the Internet age. We first outline Pask’s discovery of possibilities of a neoclassical cybernetic framework for human-human,...

We live in a deeply polarized time with conflicting information and even more conflicting perspectives on how to address issues, both real and manufactured. Schools, as microcosms of society, feel this pressure as much, or possibly even more than other institutions charged with maintaining social balance. The most obvious case in point is the COVID...

The present study examines the effectiveness of a three-unit digital social studies curriculum in cultivating elementary students’ civic reasoning and decision making during the pandemic year. Eighty-seven students participated in dialogue-rich activities to collectively resolve critical civic issues. Pre-post changes in civic reasoning and decisio...

The present study examines how 4th and 5th grade students’ collective efficacy (N=87) changed across a three-unit digital civic learning social studies curriculum and how students’ engagement related to their collective efficacy. Students participated in small-group discourse and worked with group members to solve civic-related dilemmas. Results fr...

We studied the feasibility of an innovative blended learning curriculum for early adolescents intended to foster citizenship skills through collaborative dialogue. Our curriculum was implemented during the 2020-2021 academic year, which afforded an opportunity to study feasibility under constrained classroom contexts. We conducted qualitative analy...

This paper outlines links between cybernetics and psychology through the black box metaphor using a tripartite narrative. The first part explores first-order cybernetic approaches to opening the black box. These developments run parallel to the decline of radical behaviorism, and advancements in information processing theory and neuropsychology. We...

Based on historical sources and publication records in the early 20th century, we suggest that Vygotsky’s recognition of the ‘paradox’ in human learning and his conceptualisation of advanced thinking were largely influenced by Stanislavski’s work in theatre. In this paper, we offer some evidence for this argument on Vygotsky’s nascent system of con...

Background Students form interpersonal and intrapersonal classroom social experiences with peers. While diverse intervention programmes have been developed, few have integrated social‐emotional learning into academic activities to maximize the potential for learning and development. Aims This study examined the effects of collaborative small‐group...

The current study examined whether students’ social perspective taking (SPT) could be developed through small group argumentative discussions. A total of 250 fifth-grade students were assigned to three conditions: Collaborative Social Reasoning (CSR), Read Aloud (RA), and Regular Instruction (RI). Students’ SPT was assessed before and after the int...

Teacher presence has been considered one of the cornerstones of students’ motivation and engagement in traditional and online education. However, we argue that diminished teacher presence can actually be beneficial for building a democratic, student-led classroom. We hypothesize that this can be achieved through the use of an Open Source Educative...

Visuospatial (VS) skills are one of the cornerstones of STEM enrollment, retention, and achievement. Even though they are malleable, few comprehensive training programs exist, especially for younger populations. The current study proposes a new direction of VS training focusing on the development of visuospatial self-efficacy (VSSE) and describes t...

A number of strategies have emerged over the last decades to guide the development of online learning communities where members share, augment and co-create information but few tools to measure their success. This paper suggests that some online communities’ success can be understood through the lens of online collective efficacy. Albert Bandura in...

We examined whether participating in in dialogic discussions led to improvement in students’ social knowledge. Fifth-grade students’ social reasoning was assessed before and after six weeks of discussions using an essay task. Poisson regressions with Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) showed that the amount of social knowledge generated during...

Current distance education practices can be susceptible to the types of content-heavy, top-down instruction often seen in physical classrooms. These practices are similar to the activities of corporations , which use recommendation systems and game theory to mold the public sphere and fragment it. We propose that free knowledge creation through ope...

This paper discusses the role of Multi-User Virtual Environments (MUVEs) in the development of epistemic learner identity. MUVEs might help educa- tors create the types of tasks and intellectual open spaces helping students with learner identity development in the information age. MUVEs can cre- ate new possibilities for dissemination and sharing o...

Multi-User Virtual Environments (MUVEs) have gained more prominence in education of late; however, the question of their theoretically sound implementation remains relatively understudied. The current article addresses this gap through the explanation of how a MUVE platform Second Life was used in an undergraduate course for pre-service teachers. I...

This paper suggests formal education must take new approaches to meet the social opportunities and challenges brought about through the information revolution, in particular access to new information, capabilities for new types of communities that can challenge place-based agendas, and distributed power and voice. The tools of the Internet are uniq...

Direct instruction (PowerPoint presentations, lectures) often imposes hierarchical classroom structures where the teachers are considered experts, imparting knowledge to passive learners. However, the emergence of tools like Multi-User Virtual Environments (MUVEs) encourages the creation of democratic learning environments. We hypothesize that thes...

Since early development of information technologies, in particular computers and the Internet, there has been tension between those who believe these new technologies and their applications they have been mired in tension. Originally conceived and developed as tools for enabling high level, nonhierarchal engagement in problem-solving and developmen...

Some emergent forms of online educational tools support the formation of a non-hierarchically distributed communication. Theories posit that this form of communication can harvest a more optimal learning environment compared to traditional classroom environments, but evidence supporting the theoretical assumption is scarce. The current study examin...

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman February 2016

This article explores identity development and understanding of avatars as an important educational goal in the avatar-based multi-user virtual environment platform of Second Life (SL). There are in general two ways to understand identity development in virtual worlds. The first way is to examine the role that these platforms play in the search for...

This chapter explores the role(s) that virtual reality can play in using new information technologies to transform the classroom. In some ways, virtual reality represents the frontier of Internet-infused learning because of its potential to open up new spaces of learning even while maintaining the traditional classroom as the outer shell of the edu...

New emergent forms of online communication started to change teaching and learning processes. It brought about online learning that has gained more and more attention from educator, learners and researchers. However, although communication is considered an essential element of the learning process, little is known about how online learning environm...

The authors describe how transformational pedagogy can be applied to teaching in a cross-cultural classroom to promote deep learning. Technology tools, instructional teams, time for instruction, and language are shown to be key elements in considering the depth of change possible when introducing ideas to disrupt the idea of the classroom as well a...

The present study makes the case that the individual constituents of internet self-efficacy – search self-efficacy, communication self-efficacy, organisation self-efficacy, differentiation self-efficacy, and reactive/generative self-efficacy – may be of differential importance in predicting internet anxiety within web-assisted learning environments...

The present study makes the case that the individual constituents of internet self-efficacy – search self-efficacy, communication self-efficacy, organisation self-efficacy, differentiation self-efficacy, and reactive/generative self-efficacy – may be of differential importance in predicting internet anxiety within web-assisted learning environments...

Online social networking sites, such as Facebook, have provided a new platform for individuals to produce and reproduce gender through social interactions. New mothers, in particular, may use Facebook to practice behaviors that align with their mothering identity and meet broader societal expectations, or in other words, to “do motherhood.” Given t...

This paper introduces some of the core ideas of an Open Source Educational Processes approach. Based in part on the practices of the Open Source communities of the late 20th and early 21st centuries such as the Linux community, along with the idea that human activity should be held as primary in human-Internet interactions, open source educational...

Cambridge Core - Applied Psychology - Educational Psychology and the Internet - by Michael Glassman

This paper explores the relationship between social engagement and motivation to share knowledge in a hybrid college class using a web infused curriculum. Online social engagement, operationalized through concepts such as connectivity, social presence and social space has been an important topic of research in web based education for more than a de...

This paper traces the development of the ‘second’ and arguably more well-known ‘genre’ of Participatory Action Research (PAR). The paper argues that the origins of PAR are highly distributed and cannot really be traced back to the ideas of a single person or even a single group of researchers. Instead, the development of PAR is tied to social movem...

In this essay Michael Glassman and Jonathan Burbidge explore the idea of a dialectical relationship between the traditional place(s) of teaching/learning settings and the challenges to our perceptions created by the new spaces of the Internet. The authors examine this topic in the context of a three‐stage evolution of humans' relationship with new...

This paper uses an action science approach in analyzing attempts to introduce readable/writable web technology, specifically blogging, into a course curriculum. It is suggested that action science is an important and to this point underused approach for understanding the potential and ramifications of introducing this new technology as a central pa...

This paper developed a Democratic Classroom Survey to measure students’ perceived democratic environment of the classroom. Perceived democratic environment is one of the most important variables for understanding classroom activity and indeed any type of group activity, but actually measuring perceptions in an objective manner has been problematic....

This paper examined the effects of a blogging centered curriculum on the development of Internet self-efficacy of students taking a general education class. The class used a hybrid model (in class and online) that both integrated and strongly encouraged blogging on a community style, open source blog. The curriculum was designed to both create a mo...

This paper attempts to introduce the idea of an Open Source theory of human behavior; a theory emerging out of the capabilities and possibilities offered to humans through activities on the Internet. The Internet offers new types of connections and links between distributed human thinking that can transcend traditional boundaries and hierarchies. O...

This paper explores possible important relationships and sympathies between Amartya Sen’s Capabilities Approach framework for understanding the human condition and the educational ideas of John Dewey and Paolo Freire. All three focus on the importance of democratic values in a fair, well-functioning society, while Sen and Freire especially explore...

Substance abuse treatment providers commonly provide services for men and women involved in sex work. Sex workers often present to treatment with a complicated array of challenges (M. L. Burnette et al., 2008a; D. C. Ling, W. C. W. Wong, E. A. Holroyd, & S. A. Grayson, 2007; M. Young, C. Boyd, & A. Hubbell, 2000), and, while many scholars have posi...

This article is an attempt to tell the story of action research as it has developed over the last half century. Action research has become an important part of a number of research programs, especially in the field of education. Action research is a powerful idea centering on humans’ ability to break free from deleterious social habits through auto...

Science education has experienced significant changes since the mid-20th century, most recently with the creation of STEM curricula (DeBoer 1991; Yager 2000). The emergence of the World Wide Web as a tool in research and discovery offers Pre-K-12 science education an opportunity to share information and perspectives which engage students with the s...

This paper explores the relationship between technology and technique in the use of computers as tools and how it is leading cognitive sciences into to an era of “webs.” Ernst Kapp suggested that it is humans who determine the “appropriate form” of any tool through the way they use and think about it; Douglas Engelbart, a pioneering computer resear...

This article documents the experiences of providing housing and supportive services, or ecologically based treatment, to shelter-recruited, substance-abusing homeless women with young children in their care. Among clients, observed experiences related to housing, substance abuse, and health and mental health care are discussed. Among therapists, ex...

This article suggests the emergence of a new dominant ecological system in civil discourse and protest: the noosystem. The idea of a vibrant noosystem is taken from the concept of the noosphere which was introduced near the beginning of the 20th century. The noosphere is a complex, uniquely human system of activity where individual minds use medita...

New parents' Facebook use was examined from a social capital perspective. Surveys regarding Facebook use and parenting satisfaction, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress were completed by 154 mothers and 150 fathers as part of a larger study of dual-earner, Mid-western U.S. couples making the transition to parenthood. Results indicated tha...

Web 2.0 offers a new type of interactive technology that may change the focus and approach of formal education in ways we are just beginning to comprehend. The new and unique qualities of Web 2.0 can be compounded in traditional educational settings by the fact that students often times have far more experience with and understanding the new techno...

This article suggests that for the last three decades (and possibly longer) educational policy and research in the United States has been dominated by a utilitarian/ consequentialist derived paradigm. The rules and tools that have emerged out of this paradigm, however, have for the most part failed to solve critical puzzles and solutions to importa...

Using a sociopolitical perspective to understand the alignment of community values and school policies, we conducted focus groups in three geographically close but economically varied neighborhood in one Midwest urban area. The article presents findings related to constituent values, social capital, and school policies, including charter school pol...

The emergence of Web 2.0 and some of its ascendant tools such as blogs and wikis have the potential to dramatically change education, both in how we conceptualize and operationalize processes and strategies. We argue in this paper that it is a change that has been over a century in coming. The promise of the Web 2.0 is similar to ideas proposed by...

This paper explores that natural relationships between Pragmatic theory of knowing, the dynamic structuring of the mind and thinking suggested by connectionist theory, and the way information is distributed and organized through the world wide web (www). We suggest that these three “innovations” can be brought together to offer a better understandi...

In this commentary we explore Knobe's ideas of moral judgments leading to moral intuitions in the context of the moral thought and moral action debate. We suggest that Knobe's primary moral judgment and the setting of a continuum with a default point is in essence a form of cultural capital, different from moral action, which is more akin to social...