Michael James C Crabbe

University of Oxford | OX · Wolfson College

Atlantic reef-building corals and coral reefs continue to experience extensive decline due to increased stressors related to climate change, disease, pollution, and numerous anthropogenic threats. To understand the impact of ocean warming and reef loss on the estimated extinction risk of shallow water Atlantic reef-building scleractinians and mille...

Due to channel noise and random atmospheric turbulence, retrieved satellite images are always distorted and degraded and so require further restoration before use in various applications. The latest quaternion-based weighted nuclear norm minimization (QWNNM) model, which utilizes the idea of low-rank matrix approximation and the quaternion represen...

There are many challenges, not least health inequities, global warming, and a rush for growth and economic development. Personalized, precision, and preventative medicine, bringing the latest omics techniques—genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics—for individuals allied to personalized prescription and care should help health equity. Digital t...

Codonopsis pilosula is an important medicinal plant in China. Continuous cropping of C. pilosula affects crop quality and yield. However, comprehensive research on the impacts of continuous cropping on soil properties, microbial community structures, and soil metabolites is lacking. This study involved collecting rhizosphere soil samples from C. pi...

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fintech/special_issues/63MD69HRU1#benefits Special Issue Information Dear Colleagues, This Special Issue aims to explore the transformative impact of innovative financial instruments and the strategic integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the FinTech sector. The focus will be on how these technologies are...

The ocean environment around Pacific island countries and territories (PICTs) is fragile, from coral reefs along the coasts to deep-ocean habitats; 30% of the world’s reefs are important in the fishing and tourism sectors, with a total value estimated at nearly $36 billion. Global reef surveys during 2014–17 revealed that 80% of surveyed reefs had...

Limiting global temperature increases appear to be an exceedingly challenging task due to great difficulty in advancing carbon reduction emission negotiation. Solar climate engineering is emerging as an emergency shield for climate risks. Except for its technical feasibility and reasonable costs, public understanding is essential for future impleme...

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UNSTRUCTURED The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused the global COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging reports support lower mortality and reduced case numbers in highland areas; however, comparative studies on the cumulative impact of environmental factors and viral genetic diversity on COVID-19 infection rates have not been performed to date. The aims of th...

Background The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused the global COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging reports support lower mortality and reduced case numbers in highland areas; however, comparative studies on the cumulative impact of environmental factors and viral genetic diversity on COVID-19 infection rates have not been performed to date. Objective The a...

As a developing country with an agricultural economy as a pillar, Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to adverse effects of climate change, so the generation of high-resolution temperature maps is of great value for Bangladesh to achieve agricultural sustainable development. However, Bangladesh’s weak economy and sparse meteorological stations make it...

Nurudea zhengii Ren was identified by aphid morphological characteristics as well as the gall shape and host plant species, and placed in the tribe Fordini (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Eriosomatinae). Here, its whole genome was firstly sequenced by a genome-skimming method and its mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) was assembled to examine its genetic var...

Under the influence of the Arctic amplification, sea ice variability in North Pacific is becoming a key indicator of global climate changes. Due to the widespread and complex impacts of North Pacific sea ice variations, the understanding of its dynamic changes, especially its spatial and temporal evolution patterns, has great significance. In this...

Abstract: Bangladesh is experiencing a more rapid warming trend compared to the global average, facing significant climate-related risks. This study gave a comprehensive assessment of rainfall variability across the whole Bangladesh during 1989–2022. Annual rainfall in Bangladesh exhibited significant decreasing trends and high oscillation patterns...

As a developing agricultural country, Bangladesh is vulnerable to the effects of climate change, so accurate precipitation prediction is of great value to Bangladesh in achieving sustainable development. Traditional climate simulation models and prediction tools find it challenging to meet the growing needs on high spatial resolution. In this paper...

Soil temperature patterns are of great importance for any agro-based economy like Bangladesh since they significantly affect biological, chemical, and physical processes that take place in the soil. Unfortunately, there have been no forecast studies on soil temperature in Bangladesh until now. In this article, we used five tree-based models (decisi...

Color remote sensing images have key features of pronounced internal similarity characterized by numerous repetitive local patterns, so the capacity to effectively harness these self-similarity features plays a key role in the enhancement of color images. The main novelty of this study lies in that we utilized an unusual technique (singular spectru...

Residences in poor regions always depend on rain-fed agriculture, so they urgently need suitable tools to make accurate meteorological predictions. Unfortunately, meteorological observations in these regions are usually sparse and irregularly distributed. Conventional LSTM networks only handle temporal sequences and cannot utilize the links of mete...

The occurrence of extreme precipitation events always leads to a mass of disasters. In this study, based on daily precipitation data from 20 meteorological stations in Ethiopia, we performed a detailed analysis of patterns and trends of ten extreme precipitation indices during 1990–2020. Our study revealed that different topographic conditions on t...

On the Cover Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries, and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods. Not all societies have had, and still have, the same relationship with madness. It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State, and of Capitalism...

Ephedra is an important plant in Chinese medicine; however, there are few reports on two species of Ephedra which are distributed at high altitudes from 3000 to 5200 meters. We collected a total of 84 individuals representing five Ephedra gerardiana and nine Ephedra saxatilis populations respectively located from 3158 to 5200 meters altitude, and d...

As an ecologically fragile plateau and major water source in Asia, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has grown warmer over recent decades, contributing to frequent occurrence of extreme climate events. It is urgently needed to find a suitable option to mitigate climate change impacts in the TP. The marine cloud brightening (MCB) scheme is proposed to mitiga...

Under global warming scenarios, extreme climate events in South Asia will occur more frequently which will seriously threaten the safety of local residents. South Asia faces dual pressures of the obligation of carbon emissions reduction globally and the demand for a better life for huge populations. Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI) climate eng...

The chromosomal structure derived from UVB-stimulated HaCaT cells was detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to evaluate the effect of UVB irradiation. The results showed that the higher the UVB irradiation dose, the more the cells that had chromosome aberration. At the same time, different representative types of chromosome structural aberratio...

Vegetation blanket restoration of mine soils provides a diverse environment for soil microbes, but the effects of vegetation blanket cover on soil physicochemical properties, microbial structure, and diversity are not well understood, particularly in arid areas. In this study, high‐throughput sequencing was used to examine the microbial community a...

The widely used wavelet-thresholding techniques (DWT-H and DWT-S) have a near-optimal behavior that cannot be enhanced by any local denoising filter, but they cannot utilize the similarity of small-size image patches to enhance the denoising performance. Two of the latest improvements (WNLM and NLMW) introduced the Euclidean distance to measure the...

Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) can extract multi-scaling behavior and measure long-range correlations in climatic time series. In this study, with the help of multifractal DFA, we investigated the scaling behavior of daily minimum/maximum temperatures during the years 1989–2019 from 34 meteorological stations in Bangladesh. We re...

Haloacetaldehydes(HALs) are the third largest disinfection by-products(DBPs) class by mass in drinking water. Most of them alone in high doses are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than regulated DBPs. However, the toxic effects of mixed exposure to HALs at environmentally relevant levels are still unknown. Given that genotoxicity is critical for risk a...

Quaternion non-local means (QNLM) denoising algorithm makes full use of high degree self-similarities inside images to suppress the noise, so the similarity metric plays a key role in its denoising performance. In this study, two improvements have been made for the QNLM: 1) For low level noise, the use of quaternion quasi-Chebyshev distance is prop...

Background: The Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis specially uses the only species Rhus chinensis and certain moss species (Mniaceae) as its primary host plant and secondary host plants, respectively. Rhus galls are formed on the primary host by the sucking of aphids, and used in traditional medicine as well as other various areas due to th...

Background: Biomedical relation extraction (RE) is of great importance for researchers to conduct systematic biomedical studies. It not only helps knowledge mining such as knowledge graph (KG) and novel knowledge discovery, but also promotes translational applications such as clinical diagnosis, decision making and precision medicine. However, the...

BACKGROUND Biomedical relation extraction (RE) is of great importance for researchers to conduct systematic biomedical studies. It not only helps knowledge mining, such as knowledge graphs and novel knowledge discovery, but also promotes translational applications, such as clinical diagnosis, decision-making, and precision medicine. However, the re...

Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide used for plants and poultry. Owing to its widespread use, fipronil and its metabolites (fipronil sulfone, fipronil desulfinyl, and fipronil sulfide), termed FPM, can be frequently detected in drinking water and food. Fipronil can affect the thyroid function of animals, but the effects of FPM on the human thy...

Drylands are zones covering over 40% of the earth’s land surface, where precipitation is balanced by evaporation from surfaces and by transpiration by plants. This short review looks at two key areas where drylands are increasing, the Sahara-Sahel-Arabian Peninsula zone, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, and shows ways that data analysis and...

Functional explication of genes is of great scientific value. However, conventional methods have challenges for those genes that may affect biological processes but are not annotated in public databases. Here, we developed a novel explainable gene ontology fingerprint (XGOF) method to automatically produce knowledge networks on biomedical literatur...

Hawthorns are important medicinal and edible plants with a long history of health protection in China. Besides cultivated hawthorn, other wild hawthorns may also have excellent medicinal and edible value, such as Crataeguschungtienensis, an endemic species distributed in the Southwest of China. In this study, by integrating the flavor-related metab...

The paper studies the problems of developing interconnected models of aggregates of complex chemical-technological systems (CTS) in conditions of scarcity and fuzziness of the initial information. Since the known methods of model development do not allow for solving these problems, we propose a systematic method that allows the development of a pac...

Background Fragaria nilgerrensis , which is a diploid wild strawberry with excellent drought-resistance, would provide useful candidate genes for improving drought resistance of cultivated strawberry. So far, its molecular regulatory networks involved in drought stress are unclear. We therefore investigated the drought response regulatory networks...

Safety training enhances hazard awareness in the construction industry. Its effectiveness is a component of occupational safety and health. While face-to-face safety training has dominated in the past, the frequent lockdowns during COVID-19 have led us to rethink new solutions. A chatbot is messaging software that allows people to interact, obtain...

：Vegetation blanket restoration techniques of different materials in mine drainage field provide different environments for plant growth, but effects of vegetation blanket cover on soil microbial community structure and their diversity characteristics were not well known， especially in arid areas. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used...

Motivation: Virus mutation is one of the most important research issues which plays a critical role in disease progression and has prompted substantial scientific publications. Mutation extraction from published literature has become an increasingly important task, benefiting many downstream applications such as vaccine design and drug usage. Howe...

2022 3rd International Conference on Materials, Physics and Computers (MPC 2022) & 2022 3rd IETI Materials and Engineering Forum, it will be held on July 30-31 2022 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (online conference by ZOOM, due to COVID-19/travel restrictions, etc). The MEF is the annual conference of the International Water, Air and Soil Conservation (...

Earthworm action and feeding have an important impact on a variety of microorganisms in the soil. However, the effects of the earthworm on Beauveria bassiana, a common entomopathogenic fungus in the biological control of pests, have been little studied. In this study, the epigeic earthworm species Eisenia fetida (Savigny) was selected to evaluate i...

Depleting terrestrial deposits and rising demand for metals in this time of climate change are stimulating interest in the deep sea — the area of the ocean below 200[Formula: see text]m — with commercial mining of mineral deposits imminent. Environmental impact assessments, effective regulation and mitigation strategies are needed to limit the impa...

Soil microorganisms and dissolved organic matter (DOM) play vital roles in nutrient cycling and maintaining plant diversity. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between DOM component characteristics and microbial community structure in the soil of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. plantations. We quantified the responses of the so...

The aims of this study were threefold: 1) study the research gap in carpark and price index via big data and natural language processing, 2) examine the research gap of carpark indices, and 3) construct carpark price indices via repeat sales methods and predict carpark indices via the AutoML. By researching the keyword “carpark” in Google Scholar,...

The Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis uses the species Rhus chinensis as its primary host plant, on which galls are produced. The galls have medicinal properties and can be used in various situations due to their high tannin content. Detoxification enzymes play significant roles in the insect lifecycle. In this study, we focused on five det...

Background: Argonaute (AGO) is a large family of proteins and a primary component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). AGO proteins play important roles in regulatory processes, including RNA interference (RNAi) and gene silencing involving many small RNAs. RISC recognizes RNA by base complementary pairing and cleaves or suppresses translat...

Cultivated hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) is an important medicinal and edible plant with a long history of use for health protection in China. Herein, we provide a de novo chromosome‐level genome sequence of the hawthorn cultivar “Qiu Jinxing.” We assembled an 823.41 Mb genome encoding 40 571 genes and further anchored the 779.24 Mb s...

The hawthorns (Crataegus spp.) are widely distributed and famous for their edible and medicinal values. There are ∼18 species and seven varieties of hawthorn in China distributed throughout the country. We now report the chloroplast genome sequences from C. scabrifolia, C. chungtienensis and C. oresbia, from the southwest of China and compare them...

Humans are exposed to disinfection by-products through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes, during bathing and swimming, potentially causing skin lesions, asthma, and bladder cancer. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator of the adaptive antioxidant response via the antioxidant reaction elements (ARE) orchestrating t...

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a class of cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metal pollutants. In our previous research, the full-length cDNA of MT (Cd specificity) from freshwater crab (Sinopotamon henanense) (ShMT) was cloned and genetically modified to ShMT3 by site-directed mutagenesis to enhance the tolera...

The downscaling technique produces high spatial resolution precipitation distribution in order to analyze impacts of climate change in data-scarce regions or local scales. In this study, based on three statistical learning algorithms, such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest regression (RF), and gradient boosting regressor (GBR), we prop...

Ocean warming is increasing the incidence, scale, and severity of global-scale coral bleaching and mortality, culminating in the third global coral bleaching event that occurred during record marine heatwaves of 2014-2017. While local effects of these events have been widely reported, the global implications remain unknown. Analysis of 15,066 reef...

s Background Dietary phytoestrogens have been suggested to influence puberty timing, a critical stage for well-being in adulthood. We hypothesized that childhood soy intake might prospectively influence puberty timing and that dietary fibre and the key isoflavone metabolite equol might play roles. Methods Cox proportional hazard regression models...

This study analyzed the characteristics of dioxins represented by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) as well as dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in food from China. The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of dioxins dietary intake, cancer risk, and disease burden were evaluated among the Chinese p...

Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is considered a potential biomarker for predicting the response and effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, there are still inconsistent standards of gene panels using next-generation sequencing and poor correlation between the TMB genes, immune cell infiltrating, and prognosis. We applied text-mining t...

The construction industry contributes significantly to economic development worldwide, yet it is one of the most hazardous industries where numerous accidents and fatalities happen every year. Little research to date has shed light on the impact of economic development on construction safety research. In this paper, we conduct an analysis of constr...

Comprehensive enrichment of contaminants in drinking water is an essential step for accurately determining exposure levels of contaminants and testing their biological effects. Traditional methods using a single absorbent for enriching contaminants in water might not be adequate for complicated matrices with different physical-chemical profiles. To...

According to “Huang's law”, Artificial intelligence (AI)-related hardware increases in power 4–10 times per year. AI can benefit various stages of real estate development, from planning and construction to occupation and demolition. However, Hong Kong's legal system is currently behind when it comes to technological abilities, while the field of AI...

Nitrosamine by-products in drinking water are designated as probable human carcinogens by the IARC, but the health effects of simultaneous exposure to multiple nitrosamines in drinking water remain unknown. Genotoxicity assays were used to assess the effects of both individual and mixed nitrosamines in finished drinking water produced by a large wa...