
Michael A AdamsQueen's University | QueensU · Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences
Michael A Adams
Ph.D.
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357
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Introduction
Additional affiliations
November 2010 - present
July 1988 - December 2013
Position
- Baker Medical Research Institute
Publications
Publications (357)
Diets containing inorganic phosphate additives are unbalanced with respect to calcium and these diets have been linked to the development of altered bone metabolism. Using 2 randomized cross-over studies in healthy humans, we (1) characterized the hormonal and urinary response to 2 meals with the same reported phosphorus amount (562–572 mg), where...
Androgen receptors are expressed in the kidney and serum testosterone is negatively associated with serum phosphate in males, suggesting a role of testosterone in renal phosphate handling. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the association of serum total and free testosterone with acute phosphate and calcium excretion in males in response t...
Background
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and kidney disease are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Native forms of vitamin D have a lower risk of hypercalcemia than calcitriol, the active hormone. The enzyme responsible for activating native vitamin D is now known to be expressed throughout the body; therefore, native vitamin D may have clinically rele...
Background:
The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) to treat cervical dysplasia (CD) is known to alter the cervical microbiota, the community of bacteria that play a central role in female genital health. Perturbations to the microbiota of the female urogenital tract (FUT), including the urethra, vagina, and cervix, have been linked wit...
Vitamin D has been shown to have multiple pleiotropic effects beyond bone and mineral metabolism, with purported roles in cardiovascular disease, cancer, and host immunity. Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD); however, current clinical practice has favored the use of the active hormone. Whether vitamin D...
Introduction
The mid-urethral sling (MUS) and cervical conization are two common gynecologic procedures performed to correct symptoms of stress urinary incontinence, and to treat cervical dysplasia respectively. There is limited literature surrounding the decision-making process, and process of care physicians follow when performing these procedure...
Introduction
The female sexual response is multifactorial and involves several anatomical locations which contribute to pleasurable sensations. Recently, the cervix has been discussed in terms of its role in the FSR, though there are still discrepancies regarding its contribution to these responses. Our pilot study showed that women are unfamiliar...
Introduction
The Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) efficiently removes abnormal or cancerous cells of the cervix. In recent years, studies have reported on the risks of this procedure. Short-term risks are most consistently reported in the literature, including bleeding, discharge, and cervical stenosis.
Long-term risks to pregnancy vi...
Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) is a molecular imaging method that can be used to elucidate the small-molecule composition of tissues and map their spatial information using two-dimensional ion images. This technique has been used to investigate the molecular profiles of variety of tissues, including within t...
Introduction
Electrocautery of the cervix during the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) effectively treats cervical dysplasia (CD). Most patients do not report adverse symptoms post-operatively. However, a subset of patients has reported sexual issues and psychosexual sequalae, including some impact to their quality of life. The etiolog...
Introduction
Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is a chronic pain condition characterized by allodynia localized to the vestibule, the endodermal tissue surrounding the vaginal introitus. The finding of increased densities of nerve fibers in the vestibular mucosa of patients with PVD has led to the identification of a neuroproliferative subtype. The eti...
Introduction
The mid-urethral sling procedure (MUSP) treats symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Recent studies have identified the potential for negative outcomes following MUSP; however, there is a limited understanding of the patient and healthcare provider perspectives on procedural experiences and outcomes. Specifically, there is discordan...
Introduction
Radical prostatectomy (RP) involves the removal of the prostate gland to treat cancer. The mid-urethral sling (MUS) procedure, used to correct symptoms of stress urinary incontinence in women, affects anterior vaginal wall female periurethral tissue (AVW-FPT). Glandular structures in AVW-FPT have similar immunohistochemistry to prostat...
Introduction
The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) are highly effective in the treatment of cervical dysplasia. Though recent studies have identified the potential for negative outcomes following LEEP/LLETZ, the role of the cervix in sexual responses is contentious and has not...
Background:
Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is a chronic pain condition characterized by allodynia localized to the vulvar vestibule. The finding of increased densities of nerve fibers in the vestibular mucosa of patients with PVD has led to the identification of a neuroproliferative subtype. The etiology of PVD, including neuroproliferative vestib...
Background:
The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) effectively treat cervical dysplasia, though some women have reported negative outcomes postoperatively (e.g., sexual dysfunction, psychosexual sequalae). There is insufficient understanding of patient experiences with these sy...
The three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of tissues is a valuable approach for elucidating the anatomy of nerves and plexuses, which are often microscopic in nature and therefore difficult to fully appreciate using gross dissection approaches alone. A common workflow which can be used to generate such 3D models has yet to be comprehensively descri...
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a prevalent concern among Canadian women. While clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are commonly relied upon to guide evidence-based decision making, the availability and quality of published Canadian CPGs for FSD is unknown. More broadly, there is also a paucity of literature, which has evaluated documents guidin...
Background
There is evidence of glandular tissue in the region of the anterior vaginal wall–female periurethral tissue (AVW-FPT) that has similar morphology and immunohistochemistry to the prostate in men. Surgical injury to this tissue has been suggested as a potential cause of sexual dysfunction following midurethral sling (MUS) procedures. Howev...
Background
The role of the cervix in sexual response has been poorly studied, despite previous research indicating that some women experience pleasurable sexual sensations from cervical stimulation; given previous reports of sexual issues after cervix electrocautery, it is possible that cervical injury may compromise the role of the cervix in sexua...
Thorough investigations have defined underlying disease mechanisms, determining effective cervical dysplasia (CD) treatments. Previous work has assessed the effects of different treatments on women’s sexual health. Recently however, several published studies have expanded the scope of findings, revealing the need for an updated examination and inte...
Context
Dietary consumption of phosphate is increasing, and elevated serum phosphate is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Sex differences in phosphate homeostasis and response to changes in dietary phosphate intake, which are not captured by clinically measured analytes, may contribute to differences in CVD presentation a...
Pain of the vulvar vestibule, including provoked vestibulodynia, is prevalent among women, yet challenging to treat due to its multifactorial etiology. Recent evidence indicates a neuroproliferative subtype in which hypersensitivity of the vulvar vestibule is due, in part, to hyperinnervation. Detailed knowledge regarding the innervation of the vul...
Detailed knowledge regarding the innervation and histology of the human cervix is crucial given the surgical removal of this tissue for conditions such as cervical dysplasia. Recent evidence implicates the cervix in the sexual response, making it pertinent to characterize this region to elucidate its role. Despite this, literature describing the ov...
Aims:
Non-renal extravasation of phosphate from the circulation and transient accumulation into tissues and extracellular fluid is a regulated process of acute phosphate homeostasis that is not well understood. This process is especially relevant in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD), where exposure to increased phosphate is prolonged due...
Calcitriol, and other vitamin D receptor activators, remain a primary treatment for elevated parathyroid hormone levels in patients with end stage kidney disease. The objective of this study was to assess the 24-hydroxylation-mediated metabolism of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 in rats with experimental kidney disease treated with calcitriol and in a cr...
Megalin is an endocytic receptor abundantly expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other calciotropic extrarenal cells expressing vitamin D metabolizing enzymes, such as bone and parathyroid cells. The receptor functions in the uptake of the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) complexed to 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), facilitating the i...
Introduction
The microbiome of the female urogenital tract (FUT), including the urinary tract, the vagina, and the cervix, contains different organisms which are essential for maintaining a stable microenvironment. Little is known about the interrelatedness of these three regions despite their close anatomical relationship. It is possible that dysb...
Introduction
The Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) is a fast and highly effective method of removing cervical dysplasia. Interestingly, it has been reported that a subpopulation of women have negative symptoms post-LEEP, including significant decreases in arousal, lubrication, and orgasm satisfaction. There is discord surrounding the r...
Introduction
Sexual health problems are common among Canadian women, though they often go unaddressed and untreated in clinical settings. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are systematically developed statements that facilitate structured, evidence-based guidance for specific clinical circumstances. Their potential benefits to patients and practi...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in calcitriol deficiency and altered vitamin D metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess the 24-hydroxylation-mediated metabolism of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 in a cross-sectional analysis of participants with a range of kidney function assessed by precise measured GFR (mGFR) (N = 143) and in rats wit...
Background
Vitamin K activates matrix Gla protein (MGP), a key inhibitor of vascular calcification. There is a high prevalence of sub-clinical vitamin K deficiency in patients with end stage kidney disease.
Methods
A parallel randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial designed to determine whether 10 mg of phylloquinone thrice weekly versus placebo...
Children of women with pre-eclampsia have increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic disease in adult life. Furthermore, the risk of pregnancy complications is higher in daughters born to women affected by pre-eclampsia than in daughters born after uncomplicated pregnancies. While aberrant inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of...
Introduction: There is evidence of glandular tissue within the region of the anterior vaginal wall-female periurethral tissue (AVW-FPT) having similar morphology and immunohistochemistry to the prostate in men and having physiological roles in the female sexual response (FSR). Whether this tissue should be called a prostate in
women has been debate...
Children of women with pre-eclampsia have increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) and metabolic disease in adult life. Furthermore, the risk of pregnancy complications is higher in daughters born to women affected by pre-eclampsia than in daughters born after uncomplicated pregnancies. While aberrant inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of...
Objective:
Determine the current level of knowledge translation presented in hospital-affiliated online resources (HAOR) related to Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) and critically evaluate how these resources convey information to patients using validated measures of health literacy.
Methods:
Qualitative analysis was conducted to a...
Background:
Female sexual dysfunction, including female orgasm disorder, has been reported following mid-urethral sling (MUS) surgery to treat bothersome stress urinary incontinence. Anterior vaginal wall-female periurethral tissue (AVW-FPT) likely contains autonomic and sensory innervation involved in the female sexual response, and injury to the...
The 24 kD form of secreted phosphoprotein (SPP-24), a cytokine-binding bone matrix protein with various truncated C-terminal products, is primarily synthesized by the liver. SPP-24 shares homology with fetuin-A, a potent vascular and soft tissue calcification inhibitor and SPP-24 is one component of calciprotein particles (CPPs), a circulating fetu...
Vol 2 No 1 (2020): Evolution of Medicine: Emergence of AI and Modern Practices
Link to the published abstract: https://ojs.library.queensu.ca/index.php/cucoh/article/view/14328
In September 2016, Queen’s University launched the first, fully online, 4-year Bachelor of Health Science degree program in Canada. This paper reports on the developmental structure, implementation philosophy, and challenges in the development of this competency-based program. All stakeholders directly involved in program development were invited t...
Background:
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been implicated in the development of adynamic bone disease in early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) and sclerostin are antagonists of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway yet have not been widely used as clinical indicators of bone disease. This study characterized levels of DKK...
A Novel Protocol to Reconstruct the Three-Dimensional Architecture of the Periurethral Space Following Surgical Simulation of the Mid-Urethral Sling Procedure.
Will be presented virtually at the CUCOH 2020 on January 24th (the conference is taking place in Kingston, Ontario, Canada)
The mineral‐bone axis is tightly regulated and dependent on renal function. In chronic kidney disease (CKD) progressive loss of renal capacity disrupts this axis over‐time, with marked changes in circulating calcium, phosphate, PTH, and fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23). These changes contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, like...
Context
Statins have been linked to the development of diabetes and atherosclerotic plaque calcification in patients with cardiac disease.
Objective
To determine the association between statin use and statin characteristics and insulin resistance and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in participants of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Stud...
Urinary inulin clearance is considered the gold standard of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
measurement but plasma clearance of less expensive and more accessible tracers is more commonly performed. Many plasma sampling protocols exist but little is known about their accuracy. Here, the study objectives were to compare plasma iohexol and ⁹⁹mTc-DTP...
Rationale
Non-renal extravasation of phosphate from the circulation and transient accumulation into tissues and extracellular fluid is a regulated process of acute phosphate homeostasis that is not well understood. Following oral consumption of phosphate, circulating levels normalize long before urinary excretion has been completed. This process is...
Vitamin D receptor agonist (VDRA) therapy for PTH suppression is a mainstay for patients with severe CKD. Calcitriol (1,25-(OH)2 D3 ) is a former first-line VDRA in CKD treatment. However, a consequence of its use in CKD is accelerated vascular calcification (VC). An experimental CKD model was used to determine whether altering the calcitriol deliv...
Background and Aims
The leading cause of mortality for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is cardiovascular disease (CVD). This is due, in part, to vascular calcification (VC) where calcium becomes deposited within arterial walls causing narrowing of the arteries and altering their flexibility. Matrix Gla protein (MGP), a vitamin k-depen...
Background and Aims
There are disparities in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for cardiovascular disease (CVD) between sexes and these differences are rooted, in part, in biology. Abnormalities in phosphate regulation and vascular calcification are important risk factors for CVD, even in the setting of preserved kidney function. Elevations of...
Background and Aims
T Obesity is an increasing health problem world-wide. People who are overweight or obese are at greater risk of developing chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Factors associated with dysregulated phosphate metabolism have been linked to the presence of vascular calcification in people with type 2 diabetes (T...
Background and aims:
Calcium supplements have been associated with increased cardiovascular events. This study investigates the relationship between calcium supplement use and the 5 year progression of abdominal aorta calcification (AAC) in participants from one center of the Canadian Multi-Centre Osteoporosis Study (CaMOS).
Methods:
Participant...
Background
While dietary intake is known to influence serum markers of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), the effects of recent food and beverage intake, particularly phosphorus consumption on these serum markers (phosphate, calcium, and parathyroid hormone [PTH]), are unknown in hemodialysis patients. An understanding of t...
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have impaired phosphate and calcium excretion as well as vitamin D deficiency, which exacerbates secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). A decrease in renal CYP27B1 conversion of calcifediol leads to reduced levels of calcitriol. SHPT leads to increased bone resorption and is a risk factor for vascular...
Mineral bone disorder and vascular calcification (VC) are substantial contributors to the elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in chronic kidney disease patients. The degree to which the uremic milieu and mineral dysregulation individually contribute to this CVD is poorly understood. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is a key regula...
Objective: Pre-clinical studies suggest that growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6), a member of the vitamin K dependent family of proteins, is implicated in atherosclerosis. A role for Gas6 in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaque has been suggested. Our aim was to determine the association between Gas6 and measures of carotid artery atherosclerosis...
Context
Phosphate has gained recognition as a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, potentially due to accelerated vascular calcification. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a counter-regulatory hormone that increases renal phosphate excretion to maintain normal levels. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the associ...
Premature mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is linked to the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In CKD, marked reductions in the kidneys’ ability to excrete excess phosphate and calcium results in extra-osseous mineral deposition, particularly vascular calcification (VC), causing a significant decline in vascular health....
Pathogenic accumulation of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (PO4 ) in vasculature is a sentinel of advancing cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study sought to characterize acute distribution patterns of radiolabeled 33 PO4 and 45 Ca in cardiovascular tissues of rats with CKD (0.25% dietary adenine). The disposition of 33 PO4 an...
The purpose of this review is to summarize the research to date on the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the vitamin K metabolome. Vitamin K-dependent proteins contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention via the prevention of ectopic mineralization. Sub-clinical vitamin K deficiency is common in CKD patients, and evidence suggests...
Carotid artery plaque composed of a larger percentage of lipids and/or intra-plaque hemorrhage are considered "vulnerable" or at higher risk for rupture. It is thought that such vulnerable lesions contribute to the majority of cardiovascular events. Ultrasound may facilitate the identification of plaque tissue types associated with risk for rupture...
Patients with chronic kidney disease have a markedly increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Non-traditional risk factors, such as increased phosphate retention, and deficiencies in vitamins D and K metabolism, likely play key roles in the development of vascular calcification during CKD progression. Calcitriol (1,25-(OH)2-D3) is a ke...
Elevated serum phosphate is consistently linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality in the setting of normal and impaired kidney function. However, serum phosphate does not often exceed the upper limit of normal until glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls below 30 mL/min/m(2) . It was hypothesized that the response to an oral, b...