M.H. Haque

• PhD
• University of South Australia

This article presents the data used in the paper “Vehicle-to-home operation and multi-location charging of electric vehicles for energy cost optimisation of households with photovoltaic system and battery energy storage” [1]. The datasets reported in this paper include the probability distributions of arrival and departure times of privately used v...

This article presents travel datasets of privately used vehicles for the determination of the daily charging demand of electric vehicles (EV) at a university campus and to analyse strategies to minimise the annual energy cost. The datasets have been used in the primary research article published in the Renewable Energy journal [1]. The original raw...

This paper investigates the use of a battery energy storage system (BESS) to enhance the frequency response characteristics of a low-inertia power system following a disturbance or active power mismatch. A simple control strategy of the BESS is proposed to improve the inertia response and primary frequency response of the system. The effectiveness...

Most rooftop solar photovoltaic systems in Australia export excess power to the grid after meeting local demand, leading to overvoltage issues in distribution feeders. Australian standard AS/NZS 4777.2.2020 mandates grid-connected PV inverters to utilise real and reactive power quality response modes to mitigate these issues. These response modes r...

Workplace charging of Electric Vehicles (EV) is a promising approach for transport decarbonization while addressing issues emerging from renewable energy growth. For workplaces, the decision to invest in EV charging infrastructure depends on the overall cost of providing this service. This study proposes a novel modelling approach to minimize the n...

The power supply resiliency of residential feeders against grid outages can be enhanced by installing battery energy storage (BES). Most of the previous studies used distributed BES (DBES) to increase resiliency of the feeders. The cloud BES (CBES) can also be used in a similar manner to improve resiliency. However, detailed modeling of optimal CBE...

With the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs), EV charging cost will become an integral part of household energy cost. This research proposes a novel household energy cost optimisation method for grid-connected homes with EV under power export constraints. It addresses the limitations of previous studies by incorporating more realistic variable...

This article presents a new robust incentive-based integrated demand response (IDR) model for energy hub systems (EHSs). The considered incentive-based demand response (IBDR) schemes are interruptible/curtailable service and capacity market program. The proposed IDR model integrates the arbitrage ability of EHS storages as well as energy conversion...

This paper determines the optimal capacities of small wind turbine (SWT) and battery energy storage (BES) for a grid-connected household (GCH) with or without an electric vehicle (EV) to minimize the overall cost of electricity (COE). Rule-based home energy management systems (HEMSs) are developed for two different configurations of the GCH: (i) wi...

Power utilities are introducing cost-reflective tariffs, such as a time of use tariff to incentivise electricity use during off-peak periods, some of which include a demand charge during peak periods. The uptake of such tariffs depends on their economic benefits compared to other tariffs. The impact of such emerging tariffs on the household energy...

This paper develops a novel demand side management (DSM) approach to incorporate in optimal sizing of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and battery storage (BS) for a standalone household. The DSM strategy is based on the state-of-charge level of battery and day-ahead forecasts of solar insolation and wind speed. The core of the DSM is a...

This paper presents an adaptive robust co-optimization for capacity allocation and bidding strategy of a prosumer equipped with photovoltaic system (PV), wind turbine (WT), and battery energy storage (BES). The uncertainties of load and PV/WT productions are modeled through controllable user-defined polyhedral uncertainty sets. The proposed co-opti...

Significant growth in PV penetration worldwide has introduced intriguing challenges for power utilities and consumers alike. This include financial losses resulting from overvoltage-induced PV curtailment during times of high PV generation. This paper examines these issues by first developing a methodical approach to quantify the impacts of PV pene...

This paper investigates the operation of various optimised AC‐coupled hybrid power systems for an isolated community in South Australia. In addition to diesel generators, various combinations of distributed generators and storage technologies are considered to form different hybrid power systems. Optimal design of the hybrid power systems is implem...

This paper determines the optimal capacity of solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage (BES) for grid-connected households to minimize the net present cost of electricity. Real-time rule-based home energy management systems using actual annual data of solar insolation, ambient temperature, household electricity consumption and electricity...

This study presents a two-stage adaptive robust optimization (ARO) for optimal sizing and operation of residential solar-photovoltaic (PV) systems coupled with battery units. Uncertainties of PV generation and load are modeled by user-defined bounded intervals through polyhedral uncertainty sets. The proposed model determines the optimal size of PV...

Conventional synchronous generators in traditional power systems are currently being replaced by various renewable sources, such as solar and wind. One of the consequences of this is the reduction of system inertia, which makes the system vulnerable to instability following a disturbance. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are also increasingly...

This paper presents the hourly Photovoltaic (PV) generation and residential load profiles of a typical South Australian Net Zero Energy (NZE) home. These data are used in the research article entitled "Energy Cost Minimization for Net Zero Energy Homes through Optimal Sizing of Battery Storage System" Sharma et al., 2019. The PV generation data is...

Whilst a net zero energy (NZE) home produces the same amount of energy as it consumes it still exchanges significant amount of energy with the grid due to mismatch between the generation and load patterns. Consequently, the homeowner has to pay an annual electric bill because the cost of imported energy is usually higher than that of exported energ...

Fossil fuel-based power plants are rapidly being replaced by renewable sources worldwide to address global warming and climate change issues. Due to the non-dispatchable nature of renewable sources, their massive implementation is causing damping and stability problems in electric power systems. On the other hand, with rapidly declining battery cos...

This study determines the optimal capacity of various components of an AC mini-grid hybrid power system in a remote area of South Australia. A range of generation and storage technologies, such as diesel generators, wind turbines, solar photovoltaic arrays, battery banks, and flywheels are considered. A minimum system operating reserve is maintaine...

More and more small-scale wind generators are being connected to distribution systems. Higher degree of penetration of wind generators can significantly change many operating characteristics of the system including voltage profile and hence voltage stability. This paper proposes a straightforward method of static voltage stability assessment of a r...

This paper proposes a simple voltage stability index (VSI) to assess static voltage stability of a radial distribution system integrated with fixed speed wind generators. The proposed VSI guarantees existence of positive real solutions of bus voltage magnitude. All generators parameters are carefully incorporated into its equivalent circuit by reta...

Most of the electrical infrastructure in use around the world today is decades old, and may be illsuited to widespread proliferation of personal Electric Vehicles (EVs) whose charging requirements will place increasing strain on grid demand. In order to reduce the pressure on the grid and taking benefits of off peak charging, this paper presents a...

Self-excited induction generators (SEIG) are increasingly being used in remote areas to energize isolated communities. The maximum power delivery capability of a SEIG depends on various factors, such as excitation capacitance, generator parameters, operating speed and load power factor. This paper proposes a simple method of determining the maximum...

More than one in five homes in South Australia have a rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system and this number is expected to continually increase in the future. This paper investigates the possibility of storing the solar power generated during daytime and strategically releasing it during peak period to relieve stress on the national power grid. A...

Wind generators are increasingly being integrated into high voltage transmission systems as well as low or medium voltage distribution systems. The increased penetration of wind generators into power grid may significantly change the system voltage profile, losses and other operating characteristics. This paper investigates the effects of wind gene...

This paper describes various approaches of estimating the annual energy delivered by a large size variable speed wind generating system using historical wind speed data. First a discrete wind speed histogram is produced from historical wind data. The wind histogram and the turbine power characteristic supplied by the manufacturer are then used to e...

An increased penetration of wind turbine generating systems into power grid calls for proper modeling of the systems and incorporating the model into various computational tools used in power system operation and planning studies. This paper proposes a simple method of incorporating the exact equivalent circuit of a fixed speed wind generator into...

This paper describes a method of determining the static voltage stability index of a load bus using some local measurements as well as provides an overview of designing a smart instrument for on-line monitoring the stability index. The instrument requires only the bus voltage and current magnitudes at two distinct operating points to determine the...

Off-grid communities in South Australia use diesel or gas generators to meet their electricity demand. The effects of recently introduced carbon tax and ever increasing cost of diesel would increase the generation cost of electricity. This paper investigates the possibility of using various forms of hybrid generating systems utilising locally avail...

The steady state behaviour of a power system is usually determined through power flow analysis. This paper proposes a simple method of incorporating the model of a squirrel-cage induction generator used in a fixed speed wind farm into conventional power flow programs to evaluate the steady state results. All parameters of exact equivalent circuit o...

Selection of appropriate size of capacitance is very important to buildup voltage in a self-excited induction generator (SEIG). This paper proposes a simple method of determining the actual size of capacitance needed in a three-phase SEIG to obtain a pre-specified voltage under no-load and load conditions. The problem of determining the capacitance...

This paper proposes a simple method of determining the size of excitation capacitance required to buildup a predetermined no load voltage for off-grid operation of a three-phase self-excited induction generator. The method is based on the combination of the principle of L-C resonance and non-linear magnetization characteristic of the generator. For...

A stand-alone single-phase induction generator can be used for small power applications in remote areas. This paper describes a simple method of determining the steady state characteristics of such a generator under various operating conditions. The steady state problem of the generator is formulated in a very simple way without going through lengt...

A simple method for analyzing the steady-state performance of a self-excited induction generator with P-Q load model is described in this letter. First, the basic operating equations of the generator are derived from its equivalent circuit, and then solved using a numerical-based routine. The proposed method is then tested on a 1.5-kW induction gen...

This paper presents a comparative study of steady state characteristics of a self-excited induction generator operating in shunt, short-shunt and long-shunt configurations. First the steady state problem of the generator, for all three operating configurations, is formulated in a very general way and represented by a single set of equations. A nume...

This paper describes a simple and general method of evaluating the steady state characteristics of a single-phase self-excited induction generator operating in shunt, short-shunt and long-shunt configurations. The steady state problem of the generator for various operating configurations is first formulated in a very general way and expressed by a...

Self-excited induction generators (SEIG) are increasingly being used in isolated areas to generate electrical energy from both conventional and nonconventional energy sources. This paper proposes a novel method of evaluating the steady-state performance characteristics of a SEIG under various operating conditions. The criteria for the constant term...

A self-excited induction generator (SEIG) has poor voltage regulation and that restricts wide applicability of the generator. A simple method of selecting the values of fixed and switched capacitors in a short-shunt SEIG driven by a regulated prime mover to maintain the load voltage within the upper and lower acceptable limits is proposed. The valu...

Self-excited induction generators are increasingly being used in remote areas to generate electrical power from both conventional and nonconventional energy sources. This paper describes a method of evaluating the steady state characteristics of a single-phase as well as a three-phase induction generator for stand-alone operation. The steady state...

This paper proposes a simple method of evaluating the steady state characteristics of a stand-alone induction generator driven by a small hydro-turbine. The steady state operation of the generator is first described by a set of nonlinear equations using the conventional loop impedance approach. The torque-speed characteristic of the hydro-turbine i...

This paper proposes a simple method of determining the equivalent circuit parameters of National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) design A and B types of induction motors from standard manufacturer data such as rated output power, starting torque, breakdown torque, and efficiency and power factor at rated output power. A set of nonlinear...

Induction generators operating in a stand-alone mode are increasingly being used in isolated areas. Such a generator has very poor voltage regulation. This paper proposes a simple thyristor-switched capacitor (TSC) type voltage regulator for a stand-alone induction generator to maintain voltage within the upper and lower acceptable limits. The capa...

Self-excited induction generators are increasingly being used in remote areas to generate power from wind and mini-hydro turbines. A number of small size induction generators are usually connected in parallel to utilize the full potential of the wind and mini-hydro sites. This paper experimentally evaluates the steady state characteristics of an au...

This paper presents a simple method of evaluating the first swing stability of a large power system in the presence of various flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices. First a unified power flow controller (UPFC) and the associated transmission line are considered and represented by an equivalent pi-circuit model. The above model is then ca...

This paper proposes a simple method of determining the distance to voltage collapse using some local information such as bus voltage magnitude and load current magnitude. First the voltage and current information are carefully processed to establish a voltage stability index (VSI) that varies almost linearly with load. The VSI is then used to estim...

This paper proposes a new voltage stability index (VSI) that has a more or less linear characteristic, and thus can provide better estimation of the distance to voltage collapse. It requires only the normal power flow solution and the type-1 low voltage solution of the critical or weakest bus of the system. The effectiveness of the proposed VSI in...

While the primary purpose of a static var compensator (SVC) is to regulate bus voltage, it can also improve stability and damping of a power system if located appropriately. This paper proposes a method of determining the location index of a SVC in a multi-machine system to improve the first swing stability limit of the system. Based on the concept...

It has been reported that the simplest and most practical mode of operation of a unified power flow controller (UPFC) is the perpendicular voltage control mode. This paper investigates the improvement of transient stability limit of a simple power system with the help of a UPFC operated in perpendicular voltage control mode. All the equations requi...

Power transfer capability of a shunt-compensated transmission line is considered. The analysis is based on the pi-circuit transmission line model, which takes into account line losses and capacitance, and source impedances. Results governing the real power flows and voltage angle between the two end-sources are derived. The effect of the shunt comp...

Following a disturbance, the machines in a stable power system initially oscillate, and then settle at the stable equilibrium point where the transient energy is zero. This paper uses the rate of dissipation of transient energy as a measure of system damping. The above concept is then applied to determine the additional damping provided by a static...

This paper proposes a new control strategy of a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) to improve the first swing stability limit and damping of a power system. The first swing stability limit is improved by initially operating the SSSC at its full capacitive rating until the machine speed reaches a reasonable negative value during the first...

The transient energy function method is usually used to assess the stability of a power system without considering the effect of control devices. A modification of the method is proposed to determine the first-swing stability limit of a power system in the presence of a static VAR compensator (SVC). The effect of the SVC is carefully incorporated i...

The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) have the capability of dynamically controlling the power flow through a line. This feature of STATCOM and SSSC is fully exploited in this paper to improve the stability limit of a simple power system first by raising the power-angle curve as much as possib...

Shunt FACTS devices are very commonly used in a modern power system to improve the voltage profile, damping, and stability of the system. However, most of the previous work on stability improvement used the simplified line model obtained by considering only the line inductance and ignoring the line resistance and capacitance. This article investiga...

The series and shunt FACTS devices are usually used to control the bus voltage magnitude and line power flow, respectively. By placing these devices at appropriate locations, the electrical output power of the critical machine that initiates instability can dynamically be controlled. This feature of series and shunt FACTS devices is fully exploited...

The transient energy function method is usually used to assess the first swing stability of a power system. This paper uses the rate of dissipation of transient energy as a measure of system damping. The technique is then applied to determine the additional damping provided by a SSSC. The control strategy of the SSSC is selected very carefully to s...

Voltage stability is one of the major factors that dictates the maximum loadability of a power system. This paper investigates the dynamic aspect of voltage stability problem of a simple power system by considering the dynamic effects of both fast-acting and slow-acting devices. A comprehensive computer program in Matlab/Simulink environment is dev...

This paper proposes a new control strategy of shunt flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices to improve the first swing stability limit of a simple power system. It is shown that the speed based bang-bang control (BBC) is unable to use the entire decelerating area in maintaining stability. The proposed control strategy improves the stability...

Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a versatile Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device that has the capability of controlling voltage, power flow, and stability of a power system. It has been reported that the control of power flow by a UPFC introduces very strong dynamic interactions between the active and reactive power flow through a...

Power flow through an AC transmission line can be controlled by injecting an adjustable compensating voltage in series with the line. This paper evaluates and compares the power flow control ranges of a simple system obtained by injecting an adjustable series compensating voltage produced by a regulating transformer and unified power flow controlle...

While the primary purpose of a STATCOM is to support busbar voltage by injecting appropriate reactive power, it can also improve the dynamic behaviour of a power system. The paper proposes a control strategy of a STATCOM to improve the stability of a power system which is derived from the stability criterion of Lyapunov's second or direct method. T...

P-V or Q-V curves are very commonly used to determine the maximum permissible load or static voltage stability limit of a power system. Voltage versus current curve or V-I characteristic is presented as a tool to assess the voltage stability limit. It requires only bus voltage and current data at present and some immediate past operating points. Th...

Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is a power electronic based device that has the capability of controlling the power flow through a line and improving the stability of a power system. This paper derives the control strategy of a SSSC to enlarge the stability region of a simple power system. The control is determined very carefully to sa...

The unified power flow controller (UPFC) has the capability of controlling the steady state power flow of a particular branch in a transmission network. This paper proposes a simple method of solving the controlled load flow problem of a power system in the presence of UPFC. First, a new static model of the UPFC is proposed to control the power flo...

A versatile mathematical model of a unified power flow controller (UPFC) in a single machine infinite bus system is proposed. The model consists of a simple voltage source whose magnitude and angle depend on the UPFC control parameters. The voltage-source model of UPFC can easily be incorporated into the generator output power equation and that sim...

Online determination of the maximum permissible loading of a power system is essential for operating the system with an adequate security margin. A very simple and straightforward method of determining the maximum permissible loading and voltage stability margin of a power system using information about the current operating point is proposed. The...

This paper proposes a novel method of determining various voltage stability margins of a critical bus or area in a large power system. The method first generates a voltage stability boundary of the critical bus in P–Q plane. A simple equivalent model of the power system is used to generate the stability boundary and it does not require any repetiti...

P-V and Q-V curves are commonly used to determine the steady state voltage stability limit of a power system. In this letter, a new method of determining the voltage stability limit using the P-Q curve is presented. The boundary of the voltage stability region is first determined and then presented in the P-Q plane. For a given operating point, the...