Mercedes Barbosa

• Ph. Doctor
• Facultad de Medicina

Estudio osteoarqueológico y paleopatológico de los restos de fauna hallados en las campañas de excavación de 2000 y 2002 a 2006 en la necrópolis Vaccea de Las Ruedas de Pintia (Padilla de Duero/Peñafiel, Valladolid)

Simple Summary Chimpanzees and humans are both species of hominoid primates that are closely related phylogenetically. One of the key differences between these two species is their use of their upper extremities. Humans use this limb mainly in manipulative tasks, while chimpanzees also use it during locomotion. In this study, we have analyzed the m...

Objectives: In the present study, we have analyzed the anatomy of the radiocarpal joint ligaments and muscles in Pan troglodytes and Homo sapiens in order to identify similarities and differences between the two species that may be related to differences in hand use and function. Materials and Methods: Anatomical dissections of the ligaments and mu...

Description of the anthropological study in various natural mummified bodies in Castille and Leon (Spain). For the study the thecniques employed are optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, TC with recontruction in 3D, Basckscattered electron techniques (BSE), Dispersive energy x-ray microanalysis (EDXA) an determination of age, sex, heigh...

Recopilación de paleopatologías encontradas en restos humanos de yacimientos arqueológicos de la provincia de Navarra, España.

Objectives: To identify anatomic differences in the insertion sites of the palmar radiocarpal ligaments in different species of hominoid primates that may be related to their different types of locomotion. Materials and methods: We have used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (3D GM) to analyze the distal radius ligament insertion sites i...

Objectives To analyze the muscle architecture and the expression pattern of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in the supraspinatus of Pan troglodytes and Homo sapiens in order to identify differences related to their different types of locomotion. Materials and methods We have analyzed nine supraspinatus muscles of Pan troglodytes and ten of...

Estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos del Obispo Bernardo de Perigord de Zamora

We wanted to see if cranial anatomical altera-tions could influence the vascularization of the eyeball, particularly in the production of ophthalmic varicose veins. Orbital dissection of 85 years old woman (who suffered from Alzheimer's disease and respiratory failure). We observed, when performing a horizontal sec-tion of the skull to access the r...

Vertical clinging is a specialized form of locomotion characteristic of the primate family Callitrichidae. Vertical clinging requires these pronograde primates to maintain a vertical posture, so the protraction of their forelimbs must resist gravity. Since pronograde primates usually move as horizontal quadrupeds, we hypothesized that the supraspin...

The distal radius surface is formed by the facies articularis carpalis for the articulation of the lunate and scaphoid bones. The morphology of this articular surface is related to the different types of locomotion developed by hominoid primates. Our objective is to identify if the facies articularis carpalis acts as a modular unit or as independen...

The pectoralis minor is a shoulder muscle that acts in the retraction of the upper limb and the rotation and protraction of the scapula. These movements are very important for the different types of arboreal locomotion of hominoid primates. In order to better understand the variations of the pectoralis minor in humans, we have analyzed anatomic var...

Purpose We wanted to see if cranial anatomical alterations could influence the vascularization of the eyeball, particularly in the production of ophthalmic varicose veins. Methods Orbital dissection of 85 years old woman (who suffered from Alzheimer's disease and respiratory failure). Results We observed, when performing a horizontal section of t...

The pectoralis minor is a shoulder muscle that acts in the retraction of the upper limb and the rotation and protraction of the scapula. These movements are very important for the different types of arboreal locomotion of hominoid primates. In order to better understand the variations of the pectoralis minor in humans, we have analyzed anatomic var...

The distal radius surface is formed by the facies articularis carpalis for the articulation of the lunate and scaphoid bones. The morphology of this articular surface is related to the different types of locomotion developed by hominoid primates. Our objective is to identify if the facies articularis carpalis acts as a modular unit or as independen...

Among primates, the two recognized species of chimpanzees (common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes; pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus) are considered to be the most similar to humans. Importantly, in mammals, the food intake behaviour largely determines the tongue morphology, including the type, proportion and distribution of gustatory and non-gustatory to...

Introduction: In this study, we analyze the carpal articular surface of the radius in humans and chimpanzees, which is divided into two surfaces for the articulation of the lunate and scaphoid bones (facies articularis carpalis). The morphology of this articular surface is related to the different types of locomotion developed by hominoid primates....

The elbow joint is a complex structure involving three separate articulations, which share a common synovial cavity. In the present study we analyzed by 3D geometric morphometrics the proximal epiphysis of the ulna in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and modern humans (Homo sapiens). While modern humans are strictly bipeds, chimpanzees are knuckle-wal...

Introduction: The research analyzed the relative proportions of the pars clavicularis, pars acromialis and pars spinalis of the deltoid muscle in arboreal quadruped primates, semiterrestrial quadruped primates and vertical clinger primates. Our aim is to identify anatomical diferences of the deltoid muscle in vertical clinger primates that can be r...

Introduction: The pectoralis abdominis is a muscle derived from the pectoralis major that could be observed in different primate species. The literature indicate that pectoralis abdominis is absent as a separate muscle in chimpanzees and orangutans, it is inconstant in gibbons and it is constant in gorillas (also named pectoralis quartus). In goril...

The distal radius articular surface presents different funcional demands according to the diferent types of locomotion in hominoid primates, especially between biped humans and knuckle-walking chimpazees and gorillas. The analysis is based on the articular surface of the distal radius topography and geometric morphometric methods. The results, base...

The distal radius articular surface presents different funcional demands according to the diferent types of locomotion in hominoid primates, especially between biped humans and knuckle-walking chimpanzees and gorillas. The analysis is based on the articular surface of the distal radius topography and geometric morphometric methods. The results, bas...

El dolor crónico tras la cirugía de mama, puede ser prevenido con el bloqueo anestésico de las ramas intercostales en la línea medio axilar.

Vertical clinging is a specialized form of locomotion characteristic of the primate family Callitrichidae. Vertical clinging requires these pronograde primates to maintain a vertical posture, so the protraction of their forelimbs must resist gravity. Since pronograde primates usually move as horizontal quadrupeds, we hypothesized that the supraspin...

The distal radius articular surface is one of the most important components of the wrist joint. This articular surface presents different functional demands according to the different types of locomotion in hominoid primates, specialy between biped humans and knuckle-walking chimpanzees and gorillas. In this study, a comparative morphological analy...

Estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos humanos hallados en el yacimiento arqueológico de La Calzadilla en Almenara-Puras, Valladolid. Campaña de 2015

Informe antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos de D. Arias Gonzalo

Entre los primates, las dos especies reconocidas de chimpancé, el chimpancé común (Pan troglodytes, Blumenbach 1799) y el chimpancé (Pan paniscus, Schwarz, 1929), son consideradas las especies vivas más cercanas al ser humano (Wilson & Reeder, 2005). La intención de este trabajo es mostrar, por primera vez, imágenes detalladas de corpúsculos sensit...

En el año 2008 se trasladan para su estudio al Laboratorio de Antropología del Museo Anatómico de la Universidad de Valladolid, los restos humanos recuperados en los trabajos arqueológicos realizados por la empresa Aratikos Arqueólogos S.L., en varios sepulcros de los siglos XV y XVI en la iglesia de San Esteban de Cuéllar (Segovia). La aproximació...

Imágenes de corpúsculos de Meissner obtenidas con microscopía óptica Entre los primates, las dos especies reconocidas de chimpancé, el chimpancé común (Pan troglodytes, Blumenbach 1799) y el chimpancé (Pan paniscus, Schwarz, 1929), son consideradas las especies vivas más cercanas al ser humano (Wilson & Reeder, 2005). La intención de este trabajo e...

Estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos humanos hallados en en el yacimiento arqueológico de La Calzadilla en Almenara-Puras, Valladolid.

Catálogo impreso de la muestra, con sedes en Vila Nova de Foz-Côa y Barcelos (Portugal) y Valladolid (España). Imágenes de las obras de los artistas participantes en la muestra: Pedro Monje, María Luisa Álvarez, Miguel Asensio, Bártolo, Javier Bustelo, Ana Caldas. Blanca Carnicero. Lorenzo Colomo, Tita Costa, Teresa Dantas, Díez Valcabado, Sandra D...

Informe antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos de la Infanta Leonor de Castilla. Este informe preliminar recoge los primeros datos obtenidos a partir del análisis genético de los determinados como restos esqueléticos de la infanta Doña Leonor de Castilla, hija de Alfonso X el Sabio.

Las piezas que presentamos en este trabajo pertenecen a las 84 cremaciones analizadas (24 mujeres, 19 hombres, 4 alofisos y 38 indeterminables) adultos en su mayoría, provenientes de las campañas XVIII a XXII (2007-2011) de la necrópolis de Las Ruedas, correspondiente al oppidum vacceo-romano de Pintia (Padilla de Duero, Peñafiel), ocupado desde fi...

Chimpanzees are the primates with the greatest resemblance to humans in feeding habits, since the herbivore part of its diet is complemented with proteins of animal origin from meat, insects, eggs and honey. There are five types of lingual papillae, two mechanical (filiform and conical), and three gustatory (fungiform, foliate, vallate). The latter...

Primate skeletal collections are not very common. The most important in terms of species representation and number of specimens are located in Switzerland (Anthropology Department, Universität Zurich-Irchel. Zurich), Belgium (Musée Royale de l´Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Bruxelles), Germany (Zoologisches Museum A. Humboldt, Berlin), Netherlands (Ri...

Description of the lingual papillae in common chimpazee

The rotator cuff is an important anatomical and functional structure composed by four muscles, which participate in the mobility and stability of the glenohumeral joint (Inman et al., 1944; Basmajian and de Luca, 1985) . The subscapularis muscle (Fig. 1) originates in the subscapularis fossa of the scapula, stabilizes the anterior surface of the gl...

urante las campañas arqueológicas de 2003, 2005 y 2006, en la ciudad de Las Quintanas del yacimiento Vacceo-Romano de Pintia, se excavaron siete inhumaciones infantiles, una de ellas doble, correspondientes cronológicamente a la segunda mitad del siglo I a.C. y la época altoimperial. De los ocho individuos enterrados, seis aparecieron en fosas inde...

Estudio antropológico de los restos de fetos y perinatos hallados en el yacimiento de Pintia (Padilla de Duero/Peñafiel, Valladolid. España). El yacimiento es de época pre-romana.

Chimpanzees, including common chimpanzees and bonobos, are our closest living relatives. This book, which is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the genus Pan, adopts the same format as the photographic atlases of Gorilla and Hylobates previously published by the same authors. These three books are part of a series of mo...

Orangutans, together with chimpanzees and gorillas, are our closest living relatives. This book, which is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the genus Pongo, adopts the same format as the photographic atlases of Gorilla, Pan and Hylobates previously published by the same authors.

The hyoid apparatus is made up of three osteocartilaginous elements that go from the base of the cranium to the hyoid bone; the portions, cranially to caudally, are as follow: stylohyal, ceratohyal, and apohyal. Fusion and ossification of these three components will bring about somewhat long stylohyoid processes, whereas the stylohyal portion is th...

In this chapter we report the results of an analysis of the attachments, relative weights, and innervation of the lower limb muscles of apes and modern humans. Within the hominoid specimens dissected by us the scansorius, articularis genus, adductor minimus, fibularis tertius, quadratus plantae, opponens digiti minimi and opponens hallucis are usua...

The eight current species of bear (Ursidae) are widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia, and America. They are mainly encountered in the northern hemisphere, except for the spectacled bear and the sun bear, which are also found in the south of the equator. Adaptations of the masticatory apparatus (teeth, tongue, and musculature) to diet are one...

The supraspinatus muscle is a key component of the soft tissues of the shoulder. In pronograde primates, its main function, in combination with the other rotator cuff muscles (subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor), is to stabilize the glenohumeral joint, whereas in orthograde primates it functions together with the deltoid, to elevate the...

estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos humanos aparecidos en la Iglesia de San Pedro de la Rúa, Estella. Navarra

This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of Hylobates, and adopts the same format as the photographic atlas of Gorilla published by the same authors in 2010. These two books are part of a series of monographs that will set out the comparative and phylogenetic context of the gross anatomy and evolutionary history of...

Even though the gorilla is our closest living relative, information about its anatomy, and particularly its musculature, is scarce. This book is the first photographic and descriptive musculoskeletal atlas of the gorilla. It includes high-quality photographs of musculoskeletal structures from most anatomical regions of the body, along with textual...

Estudio antropológico y paleopatológico de los restos hallados en la intervención arqueológica de la Iglesia de la Peregrina de Sahagún, León

Estudio antropológico de los restos hallados en la Plaza de San Miguel. Valladolid.

The shoulder is one of the anatomic regions differentiating orthograde primates (gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans) from the rest of the pronograde primates. Orthograde primates are characterized by a dorsal position of the scapula and a more lateral orientation of the glenoid cavity. This anatomic pattern, together wi...

Due to the scarcity of giant pandas, there are few descriptions of their morphology and even fewer of their microscopic anatomy and the ultrastructure of their organs. In this study of the complete tongue of an adult male giant panda, we describe the morphology of its lingual surface, the different types of papillae, their characteristics and topog...

Incidence of the supranumerary mandibular foramina and the importance for maxilofacial surgeons and dentists. Foramens studied: 1 Mental foramen (Double/Absent). 2 Lingual foramen. 3 Accessory mandibular foramen (Serres). 4 Molar foramen. 5 Retromolar foramen. 6 Robinson´s foramen

Incidence of the supranumerary skull sutures and wormian ossicles and your importance in the differential giagnosis with skull fractures

We report a case of spontaneous bilateral polydactyly on the upper limbs of a Macropus giganteus (Grey kangaroo). The specimen was an adult male (11 years), and had died from natural causes. The occurrence of polydactyly is exceptional in this species and have not found any other case in the scientific literature. In our specimen there was a supern...

We describe a case of thyroid isthmus agenesis (the incidence varies from 5% to 10%). This absence can be explained as an anomaly of embryological development and can be associated with other types of disorganogenesis, such as the absence of a lobe or the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue. In human clinical practica, when an image of the absence o...

Material osteológico de primates existente en el Museo Anatómico de la Universidd de Valladolid. España.

Observation in 892 orbit of adults of the a osseous lacrimal arch. The incidence is 0,5 %