Memduh Karalar

In this research, the effect of using waste glass powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for cement on the flexural behavior of reinforced-concrete-beams (R-C-Bs) was investigated. For this aim, a total of 9 specimens were produced, and investigational experimentations were conducted to evaluate the flexural performances of R-C-Bs. Subsequently, the...

A detailed examination was carried out by substituting waste ceramic powder (WCP) for specific ratios of cement in concrete. To achieve this, five different WCP percentages (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were used in manufacturing of concrete. First, the workability and slump values in the fresh state of concrete were determined by performing a slum...

This research examines the impact of incorporating polyamide fiber (PF) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) with fly ash (FA) in certain ratios on geopolymer concrete (GPC) paving stones. For this purpose, the ratio of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5 % PF addition as well as various GGBS ratios on GPC was selected in this study. Mechanical tes...

Past research studies demonstrated that local buckling may be observed when the steel H piles (SHPs) at the abutments of integral bridges are simultaneously subjected to axial load and lateral plastic displacements. The large curvatures and strains associated with local buckling may lead to earlier low cycle fatigue (LCF) failure of the pile under...

This review examines the impact of recycled aggregates (RAs) on the fresh and mechanical properties of high-strength concrete (HSC). The results revealed that incorporating RAs can reduce the compressive strength of HSC by up to 25%, with strength values ranging from 40 to 70 MPa depending on the RA content. The addition of supplementary materials...

An investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of using waste rubber as a substitute for a portion of an aggregate to enhance concrete’s sustainability. For the purpose of accomplishing this objective, a total of 12 specimens were constructed and then subjected to a series of tests to investigate their bending behavior. The samples were cons...

The usage of waste glass aggregate (WGA) associated with the replacement of fine aggregate (FA) and coarse aggregate (CA) is observed to reduce the number of raw materials for sustainable concrete. For this aim, a total of 15 beams were produced, and then investigational experiments were implemented to observe the shear performances. The stirrup sp...

During the process of cutting andesite stones, the waste mud is kept in powder form once fully dried. It is difficult to store the waste that is produced as a consequence of the extensive utilization area and consumption of andesite. Thus, eliminating waste storage challenges and incorporating these wastes into the economy are crucial. For this rea...

Almost every year, earthquakes threaten many lives, so not only do developing countries suffer negative effects from earthquakes on their economies but also developed ones that lose significant economic resources, suffer massive fatalities, and have to suspend businesses and occupancy. Existing buildings in earthquake-prone areas need structural sa...

Almost every year, earthquakes threaten many lives, so not only do developing countries suffer negative effects from earthquakes on their economies but also developed ones that lose significant economic resources, suffer massive fatalities, and have to suspend businesses and occupancy. Existing buildings in earthquake-prone areas need structural sa...

The recycling of the aquaculture waste into clam powder reduces solid emissions and natural resources, which is important for Portland cement production. This study determines the feasibility of using recycled river shell waste as a partial replacement for cement in concrete technology. The study used normative methods and optical microscopy; the p...

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the production and performance characteristics of structural concrete incorporating varying proportions (0%, 25%, and 50% by volume) of pumice stone, as well as aluminum lathe as an additive at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%, under fire conditions. The experiment will be conducted over a period of up to 1 h...

The growing quantity of tires and building trash piling up in landfills poses a serious threat to the stability of the ecosystem. Researchers are exploring ways to reduce and use such byproducts of the construction industry in an effort to promote greener building practices. Thus, using recycled crumb rubber from scrap tires in concrete manufacturi...

This investigation considered the usability of ceramic waste powder (CWP) in altered quantities in reinforced concrete beams (RCBs). In this way, it was aimed to reduce the environmental impacts of concrete by using CWP as a raw material in RCBs. 12 small-scale shear RCBs with the dimensions of 100 × 150 × 1000 mm were tested in this study. The var...

The sustainable utility of industrial waste and by‐products is crucial to reduce environmental impact. Particularly relevant for the cement and concrete industry, where recycling and utilization of industrial waste can help to replace normal concrete and promote stable growth. One such waste material is aluminum computer numerical control waste (AL...

Heat affects the mechanical properties of steel and the bearing capacity of steel structures, with joints being a crucial factor in determining their behavior. Steel can regain its mechanical properties that are lost owing to heat if the temperature remains below 600 °C, allowing for the possibility of reusing steel after cooling. In such cases, it...

In this study, aluminum lathe waste was used by replacing aggregates in certain proportions in order to obtain expansive concrete using recycled materials. For this reason, five different aluminum wastes of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% were selected and also reference without aluminum waste was produced. Based on the mechanical tests conducted, which incl...

The Winkler method, which is widely used today, assumes that the soil behaves elastically and does not take into account the soil shear stress values, it is insufficient to reflect the actual soil behavior. Especially in the earthquake calculations of rigid and massive structures such as high-rise buildings, dams, suspension bridges, viaducts, it i...

In this study, the effect of the variation of the arch form in thickness and height on the bridge was investigated as a numerical analysis. For this purpose, the historic Antik Iscehisar Bridge located in the Iscehisar district of Afyonkarahisar in the Aegean Region was elected as a numerical application. The bridge was subjected to its own weight...

In this research, it is aimed to observe a feature study around the assessment of static and dynamic productivity of a historical arch bridge (HAB) (Konjic Bridge (KB)) in view of dissimilar far fault earthquakes (FFEs). To explore the conduct of FFEs on KB, finite element model (F-E-M) of the KB is assembled and evaluated under various FFEs using...

Industrial waste usage in the technology of construction materials is currently in a relevant and promising direction. Materials made of industrial waste have a lower cost and are highly environmentally friendly. The objective of this study is to develop effective compositions of sulfur concrete based on the maximum possible number of various waste...

In this investigational study, the fracture and bending performance of reinforced concrete beams (R-C-Bs) with varying proportions of plastic waste (PW), considered as fine aggregate (FA), were assessed via experimental and numerical examination. To achieve this aim, altered concrete series were designed, with the aggregate sizes changed within the...

The use of vibro-centrifugation technology allows the manufacture of variotropic structures that are inhomogeneous in the annular section and have different characteristics along the section thickness. Hardening of the outer layers allows the structure to better resist bending conditions, however, the behavior of the variotropic column under centra...

The present study pertains to the effects of transverse opening diameters and shear reinforcement ratios on the shear and flexural behavior of RC beams with two web openings across different spans, i.e., a single opening in each half-span. Within the scope of the study, a total of 12 RC beams with five different opening diameter-to-beam depth ratio...

The impacts of waste tire rubber (WTR) on the bending conduct of reinforced concrete beams (RCBs) are investigated in visualization of experimental tests and 3D finite element model (FEM) using both ANSYS and SAP2000. Several WTR rates are used in total 4 various full scale RCBs to observe the impact of WTR rate on the rupture and bending conduct o...

Although only a few of the ancient masonry arch bridges (MABs) are in fairly good condition today, many ancient arch bridges are still in use. Over time, the condition of the masonry bridges declines and the safety requirements change. Therefore, it is important to examine these bridges under different influences. The strengthening of MABs is gener...

ensuring the use of WMD in reinforced concrete beams (RCBs). Pursuant to this motivation, an experimental program was carried out on 15 shear deficient RCBs, considering different WMD and stirrup spacing. While the proportion of WMD in the RCBs was chosen as 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by weight, respectively, the stirrup spacing was considered as 270 mm...

In this study, waste marble powder (WMP) was used to replace cement of concrete in specific amounts. To accomplish this aim, WMP was replaced at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the cement weight, and a reference concrete sample without WMP (REF) was created to compare the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. The replac...

The influence of waste glass aggregate (WGA) with fly ash in certain proportions was studied by different amounts of molarity and WGA proportion on geopolymer concrete (GPC). For this aim, the molarity values of the NaoH concentration consumed in this investigation were determined as 11, 13 and 16. At the end of the examinations, workability, setti...

The influence of waste glass powder (WGP) with fly ash in certain proportions on geopolymer concrete (GPC) was investigated by exchanging different proportions of molarity and WGP percentages in GPC. For this objective, fly ash was altered with WGP having percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, and the effect of molarity of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) w...

Shear damage is a catastrophic failure in the design of reinforced concrete structural elements. To prevent it, the effect of aluminum wastes on reinforced concrete shear beams was investigated in this study. There is a gap in the scientific field on the expanding concrete with aluminium waste, and no research has been done on the utilizing of alum...

In this experimental and analytical study, waste fire clay (WFC) was consumed by the use of replacing fine aggregate (FA) in confident amounts. It is targeted to remove the current sustainable complications by confirming the consumption of WFC in reinforced concrete beams (RCBs) as raw materials. For this purpose, FAs were partially replaced with W...

This paper explores the effect of pile orientation on the low cycle fatigue (LCF) performance of steel H-piles (SPs) at jointless bridge (JB) abutments via experimental testing and finite element simulation. The experimental testing program includes 42 full scale SP specimens subjected to strong axis (SA) and weak axis (WA) bending. The SPs are tes...

In this study, the three-dimensional (3D) near-fault earthquake performance of the Oroville dam is examined considering a special material model and various seismic boundary conditions. The 3D finite-difference model of the Oroville EF dam is modeled using the finite difference method. Burger Creep (BC) material model is utilized for the foundation...

The performance of waste marble powder as a partial replacement for cement is examined with the aim to achieve more sustainable concrete. Pursuant to this goal, a total of 15 specimens were manufactured and then tested to examine the bending behavior. The effects of longitudinal reinforcement ratio and waste marble powder ratio were selected as var...

This paper explores the effect of pile orientation on the low cycle fatigue (LCF) performance of steel H–piles (SPs) at jointless bridge (JB) abutments via experimental testing and finite element simulation. The experimental testing program includes 42 full scale SP specimens subjected to strong axis (SA) and weak axis (WA) bending. The SPs are tes...

In this study, it is aimed to reveal how anchored and unanchored non-structural elements (NEs) in reinforcement concrete (RC) library structures change the earthquake behaviors of these structures. A library structure is selected for three-dimensional (3D) analysis. First, seismic shake table tests are performed for selected NEs modeled with/withou...

In this study, ground glass powder and crushed waste glass were used to replace coarse and fine aggregates. Within the scope of the study, fine aggregate (FA) and coarse aggregate (CA) were changed separately with proportions of 10%, 20%, 40%, and 50%. According to the mechanical test, including compression, splitting tensile, and flexural tests, t...

The growth in the volume of modern construction and the manufacture of reinforced concrete structures (RCSs) presents the goal of reducing the cost of building materials without compromising structures and opens questions about the use of environmentally friendly natural raw materials as a local or full replacement of traditional mineral components...

In this study, the effect of waste glass on the mechanical properties of concrete was examined by conducting a series of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength tests. According to this aim, waste glass powder (WGP) was first used as a partial replacement for cement and six different ratios of WGP were utilized in con...

In this research, it is studied the crack and flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams with various bottom ash ratios (BARs) considered as fine aggregate in an experimental and numerical investigation. For experimental purposes, different concrete series are considered varying aggregate sizes ranging from 0 to 25 mm. To supplement concrete, b...

In integral bridges (IBs), when the steel H-piles (SHPs) at the abutments are subjected to large strain amplitudes due to thermal induced displacements, the presence of axial load, depending on the flexural strain level, is experimentally observed to decrease the low cycle fatigue life (LCFL) of the pile. This is mainly due to local buckling of the...

Integral abutment bridges (IABs) are those bridges without expansion joints. A single row of steel H-piles (SHPs) is commonly used at the thin and stub abutments of IABs to form a flexible support system at the bridge ends to accommodate thermal-induced displacement of the bridge. Consequently, as the IAB expands and contracts due to temperature va...

In this study, it has been examined whether the bottom ash (BA) released to the nature as waste material from the thermal power plant can be used in reinforced concrete structures (RCS) and how much cost reduction will be caused in construction technology if BA is used in RCS. For this purpose, coal BA produced by Turkey-Zonguldak Cates power plant...

The goal of this study is to examine the historical masonry arch bridge’s static and dynamic behavior using far-field fault earthquakes. The first step is to build a finite element model with ANSYS and SAP2000. This is done to see if the greatest possible displacements, primary stresses, and elastic strains compare. From above, the belt’s upper sid...

The use of waste materials for reinforcement of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is of great importance for both environmental cleaning and recycling. In this study, the effects of granulated glass released by factories on the structural behavior of RC structures are examined in detail. Initially, 5 different concretes are produced using 5 diffe...

The majority of the cost of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is incurred by nonstructural elements (NSEs). Damage to NSEs has been blamed for a large portion of the deaths and damage caused by recent earthquakes. Furthermore, damage to NSEs has a significant impact on a building's ability to function after an earthquake. As a result, studying NSE...

The main purpose of this study is to compare the static and dynamic behavior of a historical single-span masonry arch bridge under different near-fault earthquakes. The historical Tokatlı Bridge, built in Karabük, is chosen for this study. To investigate the behavior of near-fault earthquakes on the historical masonry bridge, first, a finite elemen...

In this study, it is aimed to present a detail investigation about the comparison of static and dynamic behavior of a historical masonry arch bridge considering different near fault earthquakes. For this purpose, Konjic Bridge constructed in the Bosnia and Herzegovina is selected. To investigated the behaviour of near fault earthquakes on Konjic Br...

Structural design of the vertical displacements and shear strains in the earth fill (EF) dams has great importance in the structural engineering problems. Moreover, far fault earthquakes have significant seismic effects on seismic damage performance of EF dams like the near fault earthquakes. For this reason, three dimensional (3D) earthquake damag...

Strengthening historical buildings and evaluating their performances make great contributions to both the history of the country and the tourism of the country. In this study, performance analysis and evaluations of the historical cinema hall balcony, which was built in 1933 by a French company and served to Zonguldak province for a long time, are...

In this study, it is aimed to investigation the performance of historical arch bridge under near fault earthquakes with the finite element method (FEM) and to demonstrate the capability and performance estimation. For this purpose, Konjic Bridge constructed in the Bosnia and Herzegovina is selected. To investigated the behaviour of near fault earth...

In this study, the effects of bottom ash and fly ash on the crack and flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams (RCBs) are observed considering experimental and 3D finite element analyzing. For experimental tests, 3 various aggregate sizes are used for 4 different concrete series in the laboratory. Then, fly ash is added to concrete mixture w...

Investigation of carrying capacity performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is very important for structural engineering. In this study, it is aimed to examine the nonlinear carrying capacity performance of an RC laboratory structure by using three dimensional (3D) modelling approach. For this purpose, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University L...

This study presents the earthquake performance of nonstructural components (NCs) anchored to a reinforced concrete (RC) building. For this purpose, 5 multi-storey RC building is modelled as three dimensional (3D) using SAP2000 software based on finite element approach. Brick, bookcase, bedroom, armchair, washing machine, dish washer, refrigerator i...

This study shows the seismic damage performance of nonstructural components (NCs) in a reinforced concrete (RC) building collapsed during a strong earthquake. For this aim, 5 multi-storey RC building is modelled as three dimensional (3D) using SAP2000 software based on finite element approach. Brick, bookcase, bedroom, armchair, washing machine, di...

In this study, it is purposed to investigate 3D nonlinear seismic behaviors of concrete gravity (CG) dams considering various epicenter distances. For this aim, Boyabat CG dam that is one of the biggest concrete gravity dams in Turkey is selected as a numerical application. FLAC3D software based on finite difference method is used for modelling and...

. In this study, it is aimed to present a detail investigation about the comparison of static and dynamic behavior of one-span historical masonry arch bridge (HMAB) considering different arch curvature under near fault and far fault earthquakes. For this purpose, Historical Tokatlı Bridge (HTB) constructed in Karabük, Turkey is selected as a numeri...

In this study, it is aimed to present a detail investigation about the comparison of static and dynamic behavior of a historical masonry arch bridge considering different near fault and far fault earthquakes. For this purpose, Historcal Tokatlı Bridge constructed in Karabük, Turkey is selected. To investigated the behaviour of near fault and far fa...

Tarihi yığma yapıların, günümüz yaşam standartları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda yeniden kullanılacak hale getirilmesi, ülkemizin tarihi ve ülkemizin turizmi açısından hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Zonguldak ilinde 1941 yılında inşa edilmiş tarihi bir yığma binasının performansı değerlendirilmiştir. 1941 yılında sosyal tesis olarak faaliye...

Seismic damages that occurred by the effects of epicenter distance of the earthquake are one of the most important problems for the earthquake engineering. In this study, it is aimed to examine the nonlinear seismic behaviors of concrete gravity (CG) dams considering various epicenter distances. For this purpose, Boyabat CG dam that is one of the b...

Integral abutment bridges (IABs) are those bridges without expansion joints. A single row of steel H-piles (SHPs) is commonly used at the thin and stub abutments of IABs to form a flexible support system at the bridge ends to accommodate thermal-induced displacement of the bridge. Consequently, as the IAB expands and contracts due to temperature va...

Kömürle çalışan termik santrallerde, yanma sırasında, yanma kazanının altında mikron (μm) boyutundaki taban külü adında atık/yan ürün meydana gelmektedir. Taban külleri de genellikle silisli ve alüminli olan bileşimi dolayısıyla puzolanik özellik göstererek harç ve betonda katkı malzemesi olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Tüm bu atıklar/yan ürünler, doğa...

Today, many important concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been built on the world, and some of these important structures are located on the strong seismic regions. In this reason, examination and monitoring of these water construction’s seismic behaviour is very important for the safety and future of these dams. In this study, the nonlinear s...

Time dependent creep settlements are one of the most important causes of material deteriorations for the huge water structures such as concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs). For this reason, performing creep analyses of CFRDs is vital important for monitoring and evaluating of the future and safety of such dams. In this study, it is observed how cha...

In the recent times, many huge concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) have been modelled and constructed in the world and many of these dams are located on the strong earthquake zones. Examination of the seismic behaviour of a CFR dam built on the seismic zone, is vital important to assess the safety and future of the dam. For this reason, the nonline...

Linear and Nonlinear finite element (FE) models of the steel H-pile specimens used in the ex-perimental test set up are developed using the computer program ANSYS to identify potential problems that may be encountered during testing and to improve the test apparatus. First, linear FE models of the steel H-pile specimens are built to determine maxim...

In this study, the low cycle fatigue tests are conducted to investigate the fatigue life of steel H–piles subjected to thermal induced cyclic strains/displacements. Review of literature revealed that there are few experimental research data on the low cycle fatigue performance of integral bridge steel H-piles. For this purpose, experimental studies...

High concrete-faced rockfill (CFR) dams exhibit critical and variable deformations due to complicated geological condition, severe weather conditions, many material partitions and external loads. In this study, it is presented that how the creep behavior of dams changes under its own weight and reservoir water effect according to the numerical anal...

Concrete-faced rockfill (CFR) dams are commonly used due to their low cost and rapid construction advantages. Additionally, huge constructions of CFR dams play very important roles in national water and power management systems. In this study, Ilısu dam constructed in Turkey and completed in 2017, is selected for three dimensional (3D) non-linear s...

For seismic isolated bridges (SIBs) subjected to near-fault (NF) ground motions with directivity effect, the isolator displacements tend to be considerably large. Consequently, isolators with very large dimensions may be required for SIBs located in NF zones. This may lead to very large expansion joints and very large seat widths as well. In this r...

Hysteretic dampers in bridges with seismically isolated decks are coupled with shock transmitters in order to prevent their engagement during thermal displacements of the deck. An alternative design approach is presented in this paper where the dampers are attached to the deck using elongated holes (gaps) which are sized to accommodate the thermal...

Several cycle counting methods exist in the literature for the study of fatigue damage generated in structures. However, these methods do not take into consideration the primary small amplitude and secondary small amplitude strain cycles. Thus, a new cycle counting method is developed. The developed cycle counting method is then used to estimate th...

Rockfill materials and foundation continuously interact with each other during lifetime of the rockfill dams. This interaction condition alters the viscoplastic behaviour of these dams in time. For this reason, examination of the time-dependent viscoplastic interaction analyses is vital important for monitoring and evaluating of the future and safe...

Several cycle counting methods exist in the literature for the study of fatigue damage generated in structures. Level Crossing, Peak, Simple range and Rainflow counting methods are those using the stress and deformation range to count the number of cycles. Close examination of the existing field measurement data for integral bridges revealed that t...

The seasonal and short-term temperature variations produce cyclic horizontal displacements in the continuous superstructure of jointless bridges and hence in the abutment piles. Thorough study of the available field measurement data for jointless bridges showed that the thermal-induced cyclic flexural strains in steel H-piles (SHPs) at the abutment...

Close examination of the field measurement data for integral bridges revealed that the measured cyclic flexural strains in steel H-piles at the abutments due to thermal fluctuations consist of large amplitude, primary small amplitude and secondary small amplitude cycles. The effect of the small amplitude strain cycles on the low cycle fatigue life...

Close examination of the field measurement data for integral bridges revealed that the measured cyclic flexural strains in steel H-piles at the abutments due to thermal fluctuations consist of large amplitude, primary small amplitude and secondary small amplitude cycles. The effect of the small amplitude strain cycles on the low cycle fatigue life...

In this study, the effect of axial load on the low cycle fatigue performance of integral bridge steel H–piles is investigated. Review of literature revealed that there is no experimental research data on the effect of axial load on the low cycle fatigue performance of integral bridge steel H-piles. For this purpose, experimental studies on full sca...

Several cycle counting methods exist in the literature for the study of fatigue damage generated in structures. However, these methods do not take into consideration the primary small amplitude and secondary small amplitude strain cycles. Thus, a new cycle counting method is developed. The developed cycle counting method is then used to estimate th...

In this study, the effect of stiffeners on the low cycle fatigue life of steel H-piles in integral bridges is investigated to prevent local buckling occurring at high strain amplitudes. For this purpose, experimental testing of a number of regular and stiffened steel H-piles under cyclic displacement reversals is conducted. Then, to compare experim...

Under the effect of medium and large intensity ground motions, the seismicallyinduced lateral cyclic displacements in steel H-piles of integral bridges (IBs) could be considerable. As a result, the piles may experience cyclic plastic deformations following a major earthquake. In this study, low cycle fatigue in integral bridge steel H-piles is inve...