Md Iqbal Hossain

Md Iqbal Hossain
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research | ICDDR,B · Nutrition and Clinical Servises Division (NCSD), icddr,b

MBBS, DCH, PhD, FRCP

About

140
Publications
66,012
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Introduction
My research interest are on, therapeutic diet for prolonged and/or persistent diarrhea; management & prevention of childhood moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) & severe acute malnutrition (SAM); development of alternative supplementary food for MAM children & therapeutic food for SAM children; effect of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in malnutrition, preterm/low birth weight baby, & other diseases (asthma, arthritis and other autoimmune diseases).
Additional affiliations
May 1993 - March 2017
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
Position
  • Researcher
August 2005 - present
BRAC University
Position
  • Professor (Associate)
Description
  • Involve as faculty in MPH course mentoring the students. Facilitate different national and international courses on nutrition,diarrheal diseases, and research methodology/epidemiology/bio statistics.
May 1993 - present
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
Position
  • Senior Scientist, CNFS & Clinical Lead, Nutrition Unit, Dhaka Hospital
Education
August 2000 - November 2009
University of California, Davis
Field of study
  • Nutrition, with Designated Emphasis / Subspecialty in International & Community Nutrition

Publications

Publications (140)
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Reversing malnutrition-induced impairment of cognition and emotional regulation is a critical global gap. We hypothesize that brain-targeted micronutrient supplemented nutritional rehabilitation in children with moderate acute malnutrition, followed by 2 years micronutrient supplementation will impact on the cognition and emotion regul...
Article
Background Growth faltering is well-recognized during acute childhood illness and growth acceleration during convalescence, with or without nutritional therapy, may occur. However, there are limited recent data on growth after hospitalization in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We evaluated growth following hospitalization among children...
Article
Full-text available
Background Early and exclusive breastfeeding may reduce neonatal and post-neonatal mortality in low-resource settings. However, prelacteal feeding (PLF), the practice of giving food or liquid before breastfeeding is established, is still a barrier to optimal breastfeeding practices in many South Asian countries. We used a prospective cohort study t...
Article
Aim: Persistent diarrhoea continues for at least 14 days and kills more children than acute diarrhoea. We assessed whether rice suji, green banana mixed rice suji or 75% rice suji improved persistent diarrhoea compared in young children. Methods: This open-labelled randomised controlled trial was carried out between December 2017 and August 2019...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of under-5 childhood mortality and accounts for 8% of 5.4 million global under-5 deaths. In severely malnourished children, diarrhoea progresses to shock, where the risk of mortality is even higher. At icddr,b Dhaka Hospital, the fatality rate is as high as 69% in children with severe malnutrition...
Article
Full-text available
Context-specific research is needed on the relationship between household animal production and nutrition outcomes to inform programmes intervening in small-scale animal production. We examined associations between household animal/fishpond ownership and animal source food (ASF) consumption among 6- to 12-month-old infants enroled in the control ar...
Article
Background: A better understanding of which children are likely to die during acute illness will help clinicians and policy makers target resources at the most vulnerable children. We used machine learning to characterise mortality in the 30-days following admission and the 180-days after discharge from nine hospitals in low and middle-income count...
Article
Zinc supplementation is an added intervention with oral rehydration solution (ORS) for treating childhood diarrhea as per World Health Organization recommendations. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of zinc administration in addition to ORS for childhood diarrhea before hospitalization and the nutritional profile of those children admitte...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Eggs are nutrient-rich. Strengthening evidence on the impact of egg consumption on dietary quality can inform complementary feeding guidance. Objective: To assess the effect of an egg intervention on dietary intakes among six- to 12-months-olds in rural Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial allocat...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction & background Prolonged (duration >7 to 13 days) diarrhea (ProD) in under-five children is a universal health problem including Bangladesh. Data on epidemiology and associated or risk factors of ProD are limited, particularly in Bangladesh where a high burden of ProD is reported. This study intended to assess the case load of ProD and i...
Article
Background Mortality among children with acute illness in low-income and middle-income settings remains unacceptably high and the importance of post-discharge mortality is increasingly recognised. We aimed to explore the epidemiology of deaths among young children with acute illness across sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia to inform the development...
Article
Aim: Zinc is an adjunct to oral rehydration salts for management of diarrhoea in children. Due to zinc's unpleasant taste, children often develop nausea and/or vomiting. We aimed to assess acceptability (tolerability) and adherence of improvised formulation of zinc tablet among under-five children with acute diarrhoea. Methods: This was an open-...
Article
Full-text available
Malnourished children are more prone to infectious diseases including severe diarrhea compared to non-malnourished children. However, data are scarce on differences in the presentation in such children. We aimed to identify clinical differentials among children with cholera with or without malnutrition. Data were extracted from the diarrheal diseas...
Article
Full-text available
Background Poor growth in early childhood has been considered irreversible after 2–3 years of age and has been associated with morbidity and mortality over the short-term and with poor economic and cognitive outcomes over the long-term. The MAL-ED cohort study was performed in eight low-income settings with the goal of evaluating relationships betw...
Preprint
Full-text available
Objectives Mortality during acute illness among children in low- and middle-income settings remain unacceptably high and there is increasing recognition of the importance of post-discharge mortality. A comprehensive understanding of pathways underlying mortality among acutely ill children is needed to develop interventions and improve guidelines. W...
Preprint
BACKGROUND Persistent diarrhea (PD), diarrhea for ≥14 days, accounts for 36%-56% of all diarrhea-related death. Studies demonstrated that green banana helps in the resolution of diarrhea. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether a lactose-free diet rice suji (RS) or rice suji containing green banana (GB-RS), improves outcome compared with 3/4th strength rice...
Article
Background: The problem of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among <5 years old (U-5) children in Bangladesh is awful with higher risk of death or morbidities. However, there is no nationwide program where these children are managed with take-home therapeutic/supplementary food as recommended by World Health Organization. Objective: This study aim...
Article
Full-text available
Background Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have inadequate levels of fatty acids (FAs) and limited capacity for enteral nutritional rehabilitation. We hypothesized that topical high-linoleate sunflower seed oil (SSO) would be effective adjunctive treatment for children with SAM. Methods This study tested a prespecified secondary endp...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives Malnutrition remains a major problem among adolescents worldwide, but the types of nutritional problem impacting this group are changing significantly. This study aims to describe and analyse the trends in nutritional status and related epidemiological characteristics of 10 to 19 years old adolescent girls over time (2001 to 2018) in Ban...
Article
Full-text available
Background Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of mortality in children under five globally. When it is associated with bacteremia, mortality is even higher. However, bacteraemia in diarrheal children has gained little attention in spite of its deleterious impact in under-five mortality. So, we aimed to evaluate associated clinical and laboratory...
Article
Full-text available
Objective Children with both severe wasting and severe stunting (SWSS) represent an extreme form of malnutrition and are prone to develop severe infection. The study aims to demonstrate clinical features and aetiology of diarrhoea among children with SWSS compared to those with either severe wasting (SW) or severe stunting (SS), which may help in e...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives To assess the association between exposure to prelacteal feeding and infant growth from birth to 3 months of age. Methods We analyzed data from a cohort of mothers and infants (n = 2569) identified as part of ongoing pregnancy and birth surveillance in rural Gaibandha, Bangladesh. Trained interviewers visited women in their households d...
Poster
Full-text available
Objectives To assess the impact of daily egg supplementation on infant growth from 6–12 months of age in Bangladesh. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in rural Bangladesh to test the effect of daily egg supplementation and nutrition education versus nutrition education alone on linear growth and stunting prevalence among...
Poster
Full-text available
Objectives Intake of high-quality protein may be insufficient to support growth in the context of high enteric pathogen carriage and environmental enteric dysfunction. Our objective was to test whether supplemental protein, with or without presumptive treatment for enteric pathogens, would improve infant growth from 6–12 months of age. Methods We...
Poster
Full-text available
Objectives To examine the associations between livestock and fishpond ownership and consumption of eggs, milk, fish, and meat during the early complementary feeding period in Bangladesh. Methods A longitudinal observational study was nested within a cluster randomized egg supplementation trial in rural Bangladesh to assess the scalability of the i...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Topical emollient therapy can improve neonatal health and growth and potentially provides an additional avenue for augmenting the provision of nutrition to children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). We hypothesised that topical treatment of hospitalised children with SAM using sunflower seed oil (SSO), in addition to standard-of-ca...
Article
Full-text available
Background and objective Globally, around 20 million children suffer from severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Identifying a more economical treatment for those affected has the potential to make treatment more available and improve prognosis for recovery and future health. Design/methods The double-blind randomized study compared taste acceptability...
Article
Full-text available
Background Diarrhea is the second-leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. In low- and middle-income countries, 3%-20% of acute diarrheal episodes become persistent diarrhea (PD) (ie, duration ≥14 days), which results in 36%-56% of all diarrheal deaths. In Bangladesh, PD causes >25% of diarrhea-related deaths. Commensal gut microbio...
Article
Full-text available
Childhood obesity has been associated with consumption of energy‐dense foods such as caloric beverages and fast foods. Many low‐ and middle‐income countries like Bangladesh are now experiencing a rising problem of noncommunicable diseases along with the long‐standing problem of stunting and undernutrition. WASH Benefits Bangladesh was a large commu...
Article
Full-text available
Objective To assess the current measles vaccination status in Bangladesh, explain changing differentials in measles vaccination, and determine contexts that may improve measles vaccination coverage. Methods Secondary data analysis of datasets (2004–2014) from the nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys that followed str...
Poster
Dhaka hospital of icddr,b, manage under -five (U-5) children having Persistent Diarrhea (PD) with different therapeutic diets of varied calories and osmolality. According to standard management guidelines, either full strength rice suji (FSRS) or 3/4th strength rice suji (3/4th RS) is given if there is no improvement of diarrhea with low lactose mi...
Chapter
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common childhood disorder and is primarily caused by deficiency of energy, protein, and micronutrients. PEM manifests as underweight (low body weight compared with healthy peers), stunting (poor linear growth), wasting (acute weight loss), or edematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor). Case fatality rates among chil...
Article
Full-text available
objective To assess the current measles vaccination status in Bangladesh, explain changing differentials in measles vaccination, and determine contexts that may improve measles vaccination coverage. methods Secondary data analysis of datasets (2004–2014) from the nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys that followed stra...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Diarrheal disease still remains a major public health threat and is often associated with fatal outcome especially in children with shigellosis mostly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the presence of any associations between drinking shallow tube well (STW) water and childhood shigellosis. A total of 1394 children...
Article
Full-text available
The association of vitamin D with neuro-behavioral outcomes of young children is unclear, particularly of those who reside in tropical countries and are otherwise exposed to adequate sun light. To investigate this association, we analysed the existing data of poor infants, who participated in an observational, prospective-cohort (MalED) study, cond...
Article
Full-text available
Urinary excretion of two orally-administered non-metabolizable sugars, lactulose and mannitol, is a valuable marker for evaluating intestinal permeability. Usually this test involves a time consuming procedure of about 5 hour’s urine collection, which makes the test incompatible to some extent. As the results are expressed as the ratio of lactulose...
Article
Full-text available
Information on the association between stunting and child development is limited from low‐income settings including Bangladesh where 36% of under‐five children are stunted. This study aimed to explore differences in early childhood development (ECD) between stunted [Length‐for‐age z score (LAZ) <‐2] and non‐stunted (LAZ ≥‐2) children in Bangladesh....
Article
Purpose To assess the efficacy and safety of F-100, diluted F-100 (F100D), and infant formula (IF) for dietary management in the rehabilitation phase of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) of infants aged under 6 months (u6m). Methods Double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of F-100, F-100D, and IF at the...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the most prevalent micronutrient deficiencies in the world. About 2% of all deaths among children under five years of age (U-5) are attributable to VAD. Currently evidence-based knowledge is grossly lacking about the factors associated with low coverage of VAS. Objective: This study aims to determ...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: Malnourished children are more prone to infectious diseases including severe diarrhea compared to non-malnourished children. Understanding of the differences in the presentation of severe diarrhea such as cholera in children with varying nutritional status may help in the early identification and management these children. However, data...
Article
Full-text available
Elevated blood lead level (BLL) is known to cause cardiac, immune, and cognitive damage but had not been thoroughly studied in relation to stunting among children under two years of age. We primarily aimed to assess the relationship between elevated BLL, the accumulation of concerned amount of the metal lead in blood and stunting and secondarily—wa...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children is the most serious form of malnutrition and is associated with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. For sustainable SAM management, United Nations recommends integration of community based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) into the health system. The objective of the study was t...
Article
Background: With a prevalence of 3.1%, approximately, 450 000 children in Bangladesh are having severe acute malnutrition (SAM). There is currently no national community-based program run by government to take care of these children, one of the reasons being lack of access to ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF). Objective: To develop RUTF using...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Background: Newborns adjust to the extra uterine environment by developing intestinal immune homeostasis. Colostrum is the only dietary source of nutrients and immune-regulators for newborns. It is unclear to what extent mother’s nutritional status influences colostrum immune-regulators. Methods/Design: 160 mothers within 3d of delivery were enrol...
Article
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Background: In clinical settings, wasting in childhood has primarily been assessed with the use of a weight-for-height z score (WHZ), and in community settings, it has been assessed via the midupper arm circumference (MUAC) with a cutoff <115 mm for severe wasting and <115-125 mm for moderate wasting. Our recent experience indicates that many waste...
Article
Waist-to-Height-Ratio (WHtR) may be an alternate anthropometric index that can overcome the constraint of Body-Mass-Index (BMI) cutoff values for assessing health-risks. To get suitable cutoff values of WHtR, this study evaluated its use as a substitute to BMI cutoff <18.5 and >25 to identify adult undernutrition and overweight respectively. During...
Article
Full-text available
Background Severely malnourished children aged under five years requiring hospital admission for diarrheal illness frequently develop ileus during hospitalization with often fatal outcomes. However, there is no data on risk factors and outcome of ileus in such children. We intended to evaluate predictive factors for ileus during hospitalization and...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Early exposure to enteropathogens has been associated with malnutrition in children in low-resource settings. However, the contribution of individual enteropathogens remains poorly defined. Molecular diagnostics offer an increase in sensitivity for detecting enteropathogens but have not been comprehensively applied to studies of malnutr...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To determine factors associated with stunting among children aged 6 to 24 months in a slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted this case control study during November 2009 to December 2012. Children were classified as case if length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) was <-2 and as control if LAZ was >-1 SD. The logistic regression model w...
Article
Full-text available
Background Lactulose/mannitol (L:M) test has been used as a non-invasive marker of intestinal mucosal -integrity and -permeability (enteropathy). We investigated the association of enteropathy with anthropometrics, micronutrient- status, and morbidity in children. Methods The urine and blood samples were collected from 925 children aged 6–24 month...
Article
Full-text available
To our knowledge, there are no data on the role of overweight and obesity in childhood pneumonia. We sought to determine that impact of overweight and obesity in such children. In this retrospective chart analysis, we enrolled hospitalized children aged 6 to 59 months in the Dhaka Hospital of the icddr,b, Bangladesh (International Centre for Diarrh...
Article
Full-text available
SUMMARY We conducted a longitudinal assessment in 466 underweight and 446 normal-weight children aged 6–24 months living in the urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh to determine the association between vitamin D and other micronutrient status with upper respiratory tract infection (URI) and acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI). Incidence rate ratios...
Article
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Aim: This study assessed weight and height changes among underweight children who received a locally produced, cereal-based, ready-to-use supplementary food. Methods: We recruited 500 underweight Bangladeshi children aged 6-23 months from a Dhaka slum and individually matched them by sex and neighbourhood with 480 well-nourished controls. The in...
Article
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Objective: To evaluate the association between vitamin D status and diarrhoeal episodes by enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterpathogenic (EPEC) and enteroaggregative (EAEC) E. coli in underweight and normal-weight children aged 6-24 months in urban Bangladesh. Methods: Cohorts of 446 normal-weight and 466 underweight children were tested separately fo...
Article
Objectives There is a lack of consensus on how to measure diarrheal severity. Within the context of a multisite, prospective cohort study, we evaluated the performance of a modified Vesikari score (MAL-ED), 2 previously published scores (Clark and CODA [a diarrheal severity score (Community DiarrheA) published by Lee et al]), and a modified definit...
Article
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Abstract Background: Anemia is pervasive among children under the age of two years in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the effect of daily supplementation of multiple micronutrient powder (MNP) for 2 months and 4 months primarily on hemoglobin status of children aged 6–23 months living in a slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: It was a commun...
Article
Full-text available
We aimed to evaluate the factors associated with nosocomial infections (NIs) in under-5 children and in bacterial isolates from their blood, urine, and stool. We reviewed all under-5 hospitalized children with clinically diagnosed NIs in the inpatient ward at Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, betwee...
Article
Full-text available
Objective We quantified the prevalence of vitamin D status in 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children and identified the socio-economic and dietary predictors for status. Design Cross-sectional, baseline data from a nutritional intervention study were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of being vi...
Article
Full-text available
Appropriate intervention is critical in reducing deaths among under-five, severe acutely malnourished (SAM) children with danger signs of severe pneumonia; however, there is paucity of data on outcome of World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended interventions of SAM children with severe pneumonia. We sought to evaluate outcome of the intervention...
Article
Full-text available
Background In developing countries, there is no published report on predicting factors of severe sepsis in severely acute malnourished (SAM) children having pneumonia and impact of fluid resuscitation in such children. Thus, we aimed to identify predicting factors for severe sepsis and assess the outcome of fluid resuscitation of such children.Meth...
Article
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Background: Growth faltering in the first 2 years of life is high in South Asia where prevalence of stunting is estimated at 40-50%. Although nutrition counselling has shown modest benefits, few intervention trials of food supplementation exist showing improvements in growth and prevention of stunting. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled tr...