Matz Larsson

Matz Larsson
Örebro University Hospital | USÖ · Hjärt-Lungkliniken

MD, PhD

About

52
Publications
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787
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Introduction
Skills and Expertise

Publications

Publications (52)
Article
Full-text available
The acoustic hypothesis suggests that schooling can result in several benefits. (1) The acoustic pattern (AP) (pressure waves and other water movements) produced by swimming are likely to serve as signals within fish shoals, communicating useful spatial and temporal information between school members, enabling synchronized locomotion and influencin...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Tobacco is still one of the single most important risk factors among the lifestyle habits that cause morbidity and mortality in humans. Furthermore, tobacco has a heavy social gradient, as the consequences are even worse among disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. To reduce tobacco-related inequity in health, those most in need should b...
Article
Full-text available
We compared the odds of smoking cessation at 2-months post-myocardial infarction (MI), before and after implementing routines optimizing use of evidence-based smoking cessation methods, with start during admission. The following routines were implemented at six Swedish hospitals: cardiac rehabilitation nurses offering smokers consultation during ad...
Article
Background For smokers who suffer a myocardial infarction (MI), smoking cessation is the most effective measure to reduce recurrent event risk. Still, evidence-based treatment methods for aiding smoking cessation post-MI are underused. Purpose To compare the odds of smoking cessation at two-months post-MI before and after implementing a set of pre...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background: Evidence-based methods for aiding smoking cessation post-myocardial infarction are effective yet underused in clinical practice. We compared the odds of smoking cessation at 2-months post-myocardial infarction before versus after implementing a set of pre-specified routines optimizing evidence-based treatment methods for smoking cessati...
Preprint
Full-text available
We compared the odds of smoking cessation at 2-months post-myocardial infarction (MI) before and after implementing routines, optimizing the use of evidence-based methods for smoking cessation, with start during admission. The following routines were implemented at six hospitals in Sweden: cardiac rehabilitation nurses offering smokers short consul...
Article
Debat: https://lakartidningen.se/opinion/debatt/2021/07/svensk-rokavvanjning-kan-forbattras/
Article
Full-text available
Objective To study occupational groups and occupational exposure in association with chronic obstructive respiratory diseases. Methods In early 2000s, structured interviews on chronic respiratory diseases and measurements of lung function as well as fractional expiratory nitric oxide (FENO) were performed in adult random population samples of Finl...
Article
The prevalence of asthma is higher in Sweden and Finland than in neighbouring eastern countries including Estonia. Corresponding difference in bronchial eosinophilic inflammation could be studied by FENO measurements. We aimed to compare FENO in adult general populations of Sweden, Finland, and Estonia, to test the plausibility of the west-east dis...
Article
Full-text available
We contrast two related hypotheses of the evolution of dance: H1: Maternal bipedal walking influenced the fetal experience of sound and associated movement patterns; H2: The human transition to bipedal gait produced more isochronous/predictable locomotion sound resulting in early music-like behavior associated with the acoustic advantages conferred...
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Addressing tobacco use is an important issue in general health care. In order to improve smoking cessation advice, spirometry values can be displayed to the smoker to demonstrate possible lung function impairment. The estimate of so-called lung age may show a decrease in lung function associated with smoking. It has been suggested that...
Article
Full-text available
The capacity to learn and reproduce vocal sounds has evolved in phylogenetically distant tetrapod lineages. Vocal learners in all these lineages express similar neural circuitry and genetic factors when perceiving, processing, and reproducing vocalization, suggesting that brain pathways for vocal learning evolved within strong constraints from a co...
Article
Full-text available
Almost 90% of humans are right handed, but why is unclear. It has been suggested that right handedness evolved in the context of escalating motor and cognitive demands related to tool use. Literature indicates that homicide may have been common in early hominins. Since, in combat with sharp implements, handedness may influence the relative level of...
Article
Schooling fish, swarms of starlings, plodding wildebeest, and musicians all display impressive synchronization. To what extent do they use acoustic cues to achieve these feats? Could the acoustic cues used in movement synchronization be relevant to the treatment of movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) in humans? In this article, we b...
Article
Full-text available
Schooling fish, swarms of starlings, plodding wildebeest, and musicians all display impressive synchronization. To what extent do they use acoustic cues to achieve these feats? Could the acoustic cues used in movement synchronization be relevant to the treatment of movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) in humans? In this article, we b...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Song-learning birds and humans share independently evolved similarities in brain pathways for vocal learning. Similarities in multiple genes indicate that brain circuits for such complex traits may have been inherited from a common ancestor. Evolutionary links have been proposed between synchronized behavior (entrainment) and vocal learning, but pu...
Article
Full-text available
Ipsilateral retinal projections (IRP) in the optic chiasm (OC) vary considerably. Most animal groups possess laterally situated eyes and no or few IRP, but, e.g., cats and primates have frontal eyes and high proportions of IRP. The traditional hypothesis that bifocal vision developed to enable predation or to increase perception in restricted light...
Article
Full-text available
Human locomotion typically creates noise, a possible consequence of which is the masking of sound signals originating in the surroundings. When walking side by side, people often subconsciously synchronize their steps. The neurophysiological and evolutionary background of this behavior is unclear. The present study investigated the potential of sou...
Article
Proponents of the motor theory of language evolution have primarily focused on the visual domain and communication through observation of movements. In the present paper, it is hypothesized that the production and perception of sound, particularly of incidental sound of locomotion (ISOL) and tool-use sound (TUS), also contributed. Human bipedalism...
Chapter
What is the adaptive value of schooling and how do fish manage to synchronize movements? Visual confusion and possibly more significant, complex, overlapping acoustic signals that confuse predators' octavolateralis and electrosensory system may increase fitness. Schooling may create a weblike, information chain: Movements of informed fish cause phy...
Article
Full-text available
It has been suggested that the basic building blocks of music mimic sounds of moving humans, and because the brain was primed to exploit such sounds, they eventually became incorporated in human culture. However, that raises further questions. Why do genetically close, culturally well-developed apes lack musical abilities? Did our switch to bipedal...
Article
Full-text available
The primate visual system has a uniquely high proportion of ipsilateral retinal projections, retinal ganglial cells that do not cross the midline in the optic chiasm. The general assumption is that this developed due to the selective advantage of accurate depth perception through stereopsis. Here, the hypothesis that the need for accurate eye-forel...
Article
Full-text available
Synchronized movements (schooling) emit complex and overlapping sound and pressure curves that might confuse the inner ear and lateral line organ (LLO) of a predator. Moreover, prey-fish moving close to each other may blur the electro- sensory perception of predators. The aim of this review is to explore mechanisms associated with synchronous swimm...
Article
To examine if smoking during pregnancy is associated with poorer motor competence among offspring, indicating impaired neurological function. The measures may be less susceptible to socioeconomic confounding than cognition tests. Data were from 13,207 members of the National Child Development Study, born in Great Britain in 1958. Maternal smoking d...
Article
Full-text available
The highly synchronized formations that characterize schooling in fish and the flight of certain bird groups have frequently been explained as reducing energy expenditure. I present an alternative, or complimentary, hypothesis that synchronization of group movements may improve hearing perception. Although incidental sounds produced as a by-product...
Article
Full-text available
It is commonly proposed that the number of fibers that do not cross in the optic chiasm (OC) is proportional to the size of the binocular visual field, and that the major advantage of binocular vision is acute depth perception. I present an alternative, an 'eye-forelimb' (EF) hypothesis, suggesting that alterations in the OC influence the length of...
Article
The development of the octavolateralis system in fish ancestors created the phenomenon of sensory reafference associated with the fish’s own locomotion. Particularly in fish species living and moving in groups, there is a potential to produce complex pressure waves and other water movements interfering with the octavolateralis perception of critica...
Article
Full-text available
This study attempted to identify changes in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, as well as symptoms and attitudes among hospitality workers after the introduction of extended smoke-free workplace legislation. A total of 37 volunteers working in bingo halls and casinos (gaming workers) and 54 bars and restaurant employees (other workers) in nin...
Article
Investigations of parental smoking during childhood and allergic sensitization have produced contradictory results, but this may be because of variations in the definition of allergy and other influences. We investigated associations of parental smoking with an objective measure of allergy, skin prick testing (SPT), and considered associations with...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between reported environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and respiratory symptoms. In 1996, a postal questionnaire was randomly distributed in three areas of Estonia to a population-based sample, of which 4,995 females and 1,822 males had never smoked. The main outcome measures were cu...
Article
Full-text available
To examine if exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during childhood has an impact on asthma prevalence in adults, and to identify the amount of nuisance from ETS and other lower airway irritants (LAWIs) in a city population. A postal survey. The municipality of Orebro, Sweden. A total of 8,008 randomly selected inhabitants aged 15 to 69 ye...
Article
Full-text available
Obiettivi: Esaminare se l'esposizione al fumo di tabacco ambientale (ETS) nell'infanzia ha un impatto sulla prevalenza dell'asma in età adulta, ed identificare la quantità di danno da ETS ed altri irritanti delle basse vie aeree (LAWIs) nella popolazione di una città. Modello: Un'indagine postale. Luogo: Il comune di Örebro, Svezia. Partecipanti: 8...

Questions

Question (1)
Question
The hypothesis is presented in for example this article:
Hypothesis & Theory ARTICLE
Front. Ecol. Evol., 29 July 2015 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00089
Binocular vision, the optic chiasm, and their associations with vertebrate motor behavior
Matz L. Larsson
Abstract
Ipsilateral retinal projections (IRP) in the optic chiasm (OC) vary considerably. Most animal groups possess laterally situated eyes and no or few IRP, but, e.g., cats and primates have frontal eyes and high proportions of IRP. The traditional hypothesis that bifocal vision developed to enable predation or to increase perception in restricted light conditions applies mainly to mammals. The eye-forelimb (EF) hypothesis presented here suggests that the reception of visual feedback of limb movements in the limb steering cerebral hemisphere was the fundamental mechanism behind the OC evolution. In other words, that evolutionary change in the OC was necessary to preserve hemispheric autonomy. In the majority of vertebrates, motor processing, tactile, proprioceptive, and visual information involved in steering the hand (limb, paw, fin) is primarily received only in the contralateral hemisphere, while multisensory information from the ipsilateral limb is minimal. Since the involved motor nuclei, somatosensory areas, and vision neurons are situated in same hemisphere, the neuronal pathways involved will be relatively short, optimizing the size of the brain. That would not have been possible without, evolutionary modifications of IRP. Multiple axon-guidance genes, which determine whether axons will cross the midline or not, have shaped the OC anatomy. Evolutionary change in the OC seems to be key to preserving hemispheric autonomy when the body and eye evolve to fit new ecological niches. The EF hypothesis may explain the low proportion of IRP in birds, reptiles, and most fishes; the relatively high proportions of IRP in limbless vertebrates; high proportions of IRP in arboreal, in contrast to ground-dwelling, marsupials; the lack of IRP in dolphins; abundant IRP in primates and most predatory mammals, and why IRP emanate exclusively from the temporal retina. The EF hypothesis seams applicable to vertebrates in general and hence more parsimonious than traditional hypotheses

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