Matthew R Rhea

A.T. Still University · Department of Human Movement

Resumen Introducción: El estrés acumulado medido después del partido de fútbol, a menudo retrasa temporalmente el rendimiento físico de los jugadores y, como resultado, los jugadores pueden experimentar fatiga aguda y crónica que contribuyen con un bajo rendimiento y/o lesión Objetivo: Este estudio investigó los cambios en los parámetros fisiológic...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a periodized strength training program and the use of infrared thermography (IRT) in injuries mapping in under 20-year-old (U-20) soccer players. In this study, 26 professional soccer players participated in strength training (ST) twice a week and were tested with IRT consistently acro...

Background: There is a lack of information about the influence of age on functional movement tests (FMT) and performance tests as well as in their relationships in young basketball players. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the variations in FMT and jump and/or sprint perfor- mance scores between age groups (U-14 vs. U-16)...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the autonomic cardiac modulation between professional volleyball players (VP) and recreational aerobically trained individuals (RAT). Methods: Twenty-eight men were divided into two groups, (VP; n = 14) and (RAT; n = 14) and each group was subjected to a sub-maximal progressive ramp treadmill test...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of training at different ranges of motion during the squat exercise on joint-angle specific strength adaptations. Methods Twenty eight men were randomly assigned to one of three training groups, differing only in the depth of squats (quarter squat, half squat, and full squat) performed...

The purpose of this study is to provide descriptive and comparative information regarding the cardiorespiratory fitness of professional baseball pitchers. Twenty-four (n = 24) major league (ML) baseball pitchers (starters n = 14; relievers n = 10) over seven seasons (2007⁻2013) were evaluated. A modified Bruce protocol and the CardioCoach™ CO₂ meta...

The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of one, three and five sets of strength training (ST), on heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure. Eleven male volunteers (age: 26.1 ± 3.6 years; body mass: 74.1 ± 8.1 kg; height: 172 ± 4 cm) with at least six months prior experience in ST participated in the study. After determinin...

Does a Calisthenics-Based Exercise Program Applied in School Improve Morphofunctional Parameters in Youth? JEPonline 2015;18(6):52-61. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calisthenic strength exercises in Physical Education classes on morphological and functional adaptations in school children. Thirty-nine youth, including both...

Purpose/background: Sprinting and jumping are two common and important components of high-level sport performance. The weight-bearing dorsiflexion test (WB-DF) and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) are tools developed to identify athletes at risk for lower extremity injury and may be related to running and jumping performance among athletes. The...

The development of muscular power is often a key focus of sports performance enhancement programs. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effect of load on peak power during the squat, jump squat, power clean, and hang power clean, thus integrating the findings of various studies to provide the strength and conditioning professional w...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of undulatory and nonundulatory manipulations of daily and weekly workloads on aerobic performance in non-athletes. One hundred and seventy-seven men were divided into five groups: (a) undulatory-undulatory (Und-Und), n=35; (b) undulatory-linear (Und-Lin), n=37; (c) staggered-undulatory (Sta-Und)...

The aim of this study was to analyze the strength and flexibility gains after 12 weeks of strength and flexibility training (FLEX), isolated or combined. Twenty-eight trained women (age = 46 ± 6.52 years; body mass = 56.8 ± 5.02 kg; height = 162 ± 5.58 cm; mean ± SD) were randomly divided into 4 groups: strength training (ST) (n = 7), FLEX (n = 7),...

The first purpose of this study was to determine the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise during an isometric hand-grip exercise. The second purpose was to evaluate whether more than one vibratory focus would evoke an increase in the effects evoked by only one vibratory focus. The present study investigated whether WBV exposure during 10...

LAW ENFORCEMENT REPRESENTS AN UNPREDICTABLE WORK ENVIRONMENT WITH A RANGE OF PHYSICAL TASKS DEMANDING HIGH LEVELS OF STRENGTH, MUSCULAR POWER, ANAEROBIC POWER, AND AEROBIC ENDURANCE. COMMON INJURIES AMONG OFFICERS INCLUDE SPRAINS AND STRAINS WITH BACK, ANKLE, HAMSTRING, AND ROTATOR CUFF BEING THE PREDOMINANT INJURY SITES. RELYING ON PUBLISHED RESEA...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a resistance exercise session on the physiological response and time to exhaustion during submaximal and maximal cycling. Ten men (22.5 ± 3.1 yrs; 72.5 ± 10.9kg; 174 ± 5.2cm; 23.8 ± 2.5kg m-2) with a mean VO2 max of 44.2 ± 6.9mL kg-1 min1 volunteered to participate in this study. Each subj...

The aim of this study was to compare the influence of including dropset exercises in different orders, both in the pre-exhaustion, as in the post-exhaustion method, and to analyze the performance of total work on the bench press and chest flying exercise. Twenty-two male volunteers with a recreational experience in ST were evaluated in six visits i...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nonlinear periodized (NLP) and linear periodized (LP) resistance training (RT) on muscle thickness (MT) and strength, measured by an ultrasound technique and 1 repetition maximum (1RM), respectively. Thirty untrained men were randomly assigned to 3 groups: NLP (n = 11, age: 30.2 ± 1.1 years, h...

The aim of this study was to determine whether superimposed whole-body vibration could improve the recovery-related effects of a traditional cool-down in high-level soccer players. Sixteen high-level junior soccer players performed a repeated-sprint ability test, after which they performed a traditional cool-down, with (experimental group) or witho...

NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments presents the latest research from respected scientists and practitioners with expertise in exercise testing and assessment. It offers strength and conditioning professionals a research-based presentation of exercise tests and assessments used in measuring key fitness components. Developed by the National Streng...

The aim of this study was to analyze surface electromyography activity (sEMG) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses in different muscles while standing on a vibrating platform producing oscillations of different frequencies and amplitudes. Twenty community-dwelling older adults (79.6 ± 3.2 years) took part in the research. Subjects were...

The primary objective of this investigation was to identify which components of endurance training (e.g., modality, duration, frequency) are detrimental to resistance training outcomes. A meta-analysis of 21 studies was performed with a total of 422 effect sizes (ESs). Criteria for the study included were (a) compare strength training alone to stre...

Concurrent training is a strategy employed in both general fitness and sports conditioning. The purpose of this study was to compare the responses of VO2 in different combinations of strength exercise with aerobic interval exercise. Eight men (23.6 ± 4.2 years, 178 ± 6.3 cm, 77 ± 7.9 kg, 7.67 ± 1.95% body fat) completed 3 combinations of strength t...

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different exercise orders on the local muscular endurance of trained women. Methods. Nineteen women with a minimum of two years experience in resistance training volunteered to participate in the study (age 27.68 ± 5.24 years; body mass 60.31 ± 7.50 kg; height 161.83 ± 7.05 cm; bo...

The objective of this study was to verify the effect of 2 periodized resistance training (RT) methods on the evolution of 1-repetition maximum (1RM) and 8RM loads. Twenty resistance trained men were randomly assigned to 2 training groups: linear periodization (LP) group and daily undulating periodization (DUP) group. The subjects were tested at bas...

The purpose of this study was to examine blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and cardiac vagal reactivation (VR) after an aerobic training session (ATS), a strength training session (STS), and a combined aerobic and strength training session (ASTS) in normotensive men. Eleven healthy men (age 26.8 ± 2.9 years, body mass index 24.3 ± 1.6 kg·m) wit...

The purpose of this study was to examine the strength and flexibility gains after isolated or simultaneous strength and flexibility training after 16 weeks. Eighty sedentary women were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: strength training (ST; n = 20), flexibility training (FLEX) (n = 20), combination of both (ST + FLEX; n = 20) and control group (...

The aim of this study was to determine whether superimposed whole-body vibration could improve the recovery-related effects of a traditional cool-down in high-level soccer players. Sixteen high-level junior soccer players performed a repeated-sprint ability test, after which they performed a traditional cool-down, with (experimental group) or witho...

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of using whole-body vibrations exposure during a biceps curl set to failure (70% one-repetition maximum load) on number of repetitions performed, perceived exertion, as well as velocity- and acceleration-related parameters. Twenty-three recreationally active students (19 males and 4 females...

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of exercise order on strength and muscle volume (MV) after 12 weeks of nonlinear periodized resistance training. The participants were randomly assigned into 3 groups. One group began performing large muscle group exercises and progressed to small muscle group exercises (LG-SM), whereas another...

The present study is the first to examine whether moderately intense resistance training improves flexibility in an exclusively young, sedentary women population. Twenty-four, young, sedentary women were divided into 3 groups as follows: agonist/antagonist (AA) training group, alternated strength training (AST) group, or a control group (CG). Train...

This study aimed to investigate the role of elastic resistance (ER) applied "in series" to a pulley-cable (PC) machine on the number of repetitions performed, kinematics parameters, and perceived exertion during a biceps-curl set to failure with a submaximal load (70% of the 1 repetition maximum). Twenty-one undergraduate students (17 men and 4 wom...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of different vibration magnitudes via feet on the number of repetitions performed, mean velocity, and perceived exertion during a set of elbow-extension exercise to failure (70% 1 repetition maximum [1RM] load). Twenty recreationally active students (14 men and 6 women) performed, in 3 different...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular effects of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use, specifically the hemodynamic response, during maximal treadmill exercise testing by comparing the exercise response between users of AAS (U-AAS) and non-AAS users (N-AAS). Twenty-four men (n=12; 29+/-3.4 years and n=12; 29.5+/-8.2 years...

The effectiveness of resistance exercise for strength improvement among aging persons is inconsistent across investigations, and there is a lack of research synthesis for multiple strength outcomes. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. A meta-analysis was con...

The purpose of this case series was to test the effectiveness of an active warm-up for recreational golfers using a whole-body vibration (WBV) platform. The variables that the warm-up tested for were increased flexibility, power, and golf performance. Ten adult men (age: 45 ± 15 yr) volunteered to perform their personal warm-up and record 7 of thei...

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to attempt to gain a clear picture of the magnitude of strength improvements expected after acute and chronic vibration training and to identify specific factors that influence the treatment effects. Studies employing a strength training intervention and containing data necessary to calculate effect size (ES) w...

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to attempt to gain a clear picture of the magnitude of adaptations in muscular power expected after acute and chronic training, as well as identify specific factors that influence the treatment effects. Studies using a power training intervention and containing data necessary to calculate effect size (ES) were...

This study investigated the magnitude of whole-body vibration (WBV) at 30 Hz induced in surface electromyography root-mean-square (EMGrms) signals of different amplitudes and footwear conditions of unloaded isometric half squat (100). For this purpose, 10 healthy and active males (age 28.7 +/- 4.6 yr; height 180 +/- 5.9 cm; and weight 90 +/- 13.4 k...

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of heavy/slow movements and variable resistance training on peak power and strength development. Forty-eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes (age: 21.4 +/- 2.1 years, all men) were recruited for this 12-week training intervention study. Maximum strength and jumpi...

The aim of this study was to determine the importance of muscular strength and power on a muscular endurance performance test. Fourteen firefighter recruits performed a progressive resistance test (PRT) followed by a specific maximum repetition test (MRT40) on the bench press exercise with measurements of power, strength, and muscular endurance. Co...

There are several equations to predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) from ergometric test variables on different ergometers. However, a similar equation using ventilatory thresholds of ergospirometry in a submaximal test on a cycle ergometer is unavailable. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of VO2max prediction models ba...

Attempts to reduce or eliminate delayed-onset of muscle soreness are important as this condition is painful and debilitating. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of whole-body vibration (WBV) massage and stretching exercises at reducing perceived pain among untrained men. Sixteen adult men (age, 36.6 +/- 2.1 yr) volunteered t...

Baseball demands speed, power, and quickness. To perform at a high level, and avoid injuries that are common among baseball players, an evaluation of current trends in strength and conditioning practices is helpful. Based on the demands of the sport and the injury risks, qualified strength and conditioning professionals can develop effective baseba...

The aim of this study was to compare the acute influence of 2 intensities of aerobic exercise on a strength training session in physically active elderly women. Twenty-five women (74.3 +/- 2.8 years) with previous experience in both resistance and aerobic exercise volunteered to perform aerobic activity (60 and 80% maximum heart rate) followed by a...

To reduce the risk of overuse injuries, yet obtain optimal fitness development among soccer players, research comparing different training strategies is required. This study compared conventional group conditioning (GRP) to individualized training (IT) during the preseason among female college soccer players. Both groups participated in soccer prac...

Whole-body vibration (WBV) training has been suggested to enhance strength and power development; however, research examining such claims has been scarce and lacks consistent findings. This study examined a unique application of WBV as a preexercise for the back squat in an attempt to increase rate of force production during the squat. Sixteen men,...

Firefighters routinely encounter physical demands that contribute to countless musculoskeletal injuries. Seemingly, a progressive prescription for fitness would offer superior protection against intrinsic job risks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of two resistance training interventions on fitness adaptations among firef...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a running-specific, periodized strength training program (performed over the specific period [8 weeks] of a 16-week macrocycle) on endurance-trained runners' capacity to maintain stride length during running bouts at competitive speeds. Eighteen well-trained middle-distance runners completed...

Training to develop superior muscular power has become a key component to most progressive sport conditioning programs. Conventional resistance training, plyometrics, and speed/agility modalities have all been employed in an effort to realize superlative combinations of training stimuli. New training devices such as the VertiMax resisted jump train...

Resisted jumping devices and resisted plyometric training have become more common in recent years. The effectiveness of such training has yet to be determined among high school athletes. Sixty-four high school athletes (50 boys and 14 girls) from a variety of sports were divided into 2 groups and participated in a training intervention that differe...

Exercise professionals seeking to develop evidence-based training programs rely on several training principles demonstrated through research and professional experience. In an effort to further research examining these principles, an investigation was designed and completed to evaluate the compatibility of cardiovascular endurance and neuromuscular...

Critical to multidimensional sport conditioning is a systematic knowledge of the interactions between fitness components, as well as the transference relationships to performance. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationships between lower body muscular strength and several fundamental explosive performance measures. Fifty-four...

In an effort to increase the transfer of training to sport performance, sport-specific training programs should be developed. Competition modeling has been proposed as a method for developing metabolic conditioning programs that mimic competition environments. This process involves both a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of competitive condi...

In an effort to increase the transfer of training to sport performance, sport-specific training programs should be developed. Competition modeling has been proposed as a method for developing metabolic conditioning programs that mimic competition environments. This process involves both a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of competitive condi...

There has been a proliferation in recent scholarly discussion regarding the scientific validity of single vs. multiple sets of resistance training (dose) to optimize muscular strength development (response). Recent meta-analytical research indicates that there exist distinct muscular adaptations, and dose-response relationships, that correspond to...

There has been a proliferation in recent scholarly discussion regarding the scientific validity of single vs. multiple sets of resistance training (dose) to optimize muscular strength development (response). Recent meta-analytical research indicates that there exist distinct muscular adaptations, and dose-response relationships, that correspond to...

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively combine and examine the results of studies examining the effectiveness of periodized (PER) compared to nonperiodized (Non-PER) training programs for strength and/or power development. Two analyses were conducted to (a) examine the magnitude of treatment effect elicited by PER strength training program...

In order to improve the applicability of research to exercise professionals, it is suggested that researchers analyze and report data in intervention studies that can be interpreted in relation to other studies. The effect size and proposed scale for determining the magnitude of the treatment effect can assist strength and conditioning professional...

As the body of research examining strength and conditioning topics grows, it is vital that researchers be able to effectively synthesize research findings. The meta-analysis has been shown to be a more advanced form of research synthesis than the conventional narrative review. Meta-analytic procedures are discussed and applications to strength rela...

As the body of research examining strength and conditioning topics grows, it is vital that researchers be able to effectively synthesize research findings. The meta-analysis has been shown to be a more advanced form of research synthesis than the conventional narrative review. Meta-analytic procedures are discussed and applications to strength rela...

The efficiency, safety, and effectiveness of strength training programs are paramount for sport conditioning. Therefore, identifying optimal doses of the training variables allows for maximal gains in muscular strength to be elicited per unit of time and also for the reduction in risk of overtraining and/or overuse injuries. A quantified dose-respo...

The efficiency, safety, and effectiveness of strength training programs are paramount for sport conditioning. Therefore, identifying optimal doses of the training variables allows for maximal gains in muscular strength to be elicited per unit of time and also for the reduction in risk of overtraining and/or overuse injuries. A quantified dose-respo...

Accurate correlations between a wide range of physical fitness measures and occupational demands are needed in order to identify specific fitness tests and training needs for firefighters. Twenty professional firefighters performed numerous fitness and job-related performance tests. Pearson product moment correlations were performed to identify the...

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of the presence of an audience and competition on maximal weight lifting performance. Thirty-two recreationally trained participants (15 men, 17 women; 21 +/- 2.5 years) performed a 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) bench press during 3 different situations (coaction, competitive coaction, and...

The identification of a quantifiable dose-response relationship for strength training is important to the prescription of proper training programs. Although much research has been performed examining strength increases with training, taken individually, they provide little insight into the magnitude of strength gains along the continuum of training...

The purpose of this study was to compare linear periodization (LP), daily undulating periodization (DUP), and reverse linear periodization (RLP) for gains in local muscular endurance and strength. Sixty subjects (30 men, 30 women) were randomly assigned to LP, DUP, or RLP groups. Maximal repetitions at 50% of the subject's body weight were recorded...

The purpose of this study was to compare single and multiple sets of weight training for strength gains in recreationally trained individuals. Sixteen men (age = 21 +/- 2.0) were randomly assigned to 1 set (S-1; n = 8) or 3 set (S-3; n = 8) groups and trained 3 days per week for 12 weeks. One repetition maximum (1RM) was recorded for bench press an...

The purpose of this study was to compare linear periodization (LP) and daily undulating periodization (DUP) for strength gains. Twenty men (age = 21 +/- 2.3 years) were randomly assigned to LP (n = 10) or DUP (n = 10) groups. One repetition maximum (1RM) was recorded for bench press and leg press as a pre-, mid-, and posttest. Training involved 3 s...