Matthew Prina

Newcastle University | NCL · Population Health Sciences Institute

The title 10/66 reflects the fact that when the group was formed in 1998, less than 10% of population-based research on dementia had been carried out in developing countries although two-thirds of those affected lived in those settings. The 10/66 Dementia Research Group (DRG) research programme was developed to address this inequity, quantifying de...

Background Current projections of the scale of the coming dementia epidemic assume that the age- and sex-specific prevalence of dementia will not vary over time, and that population ageing alone (increasing the number of older people at risk) drives the projected increases. The basis for this assumption is doubtful, and secular trends (that is, gra...

The pathogenesis of frailty and the role of inflammation is poorly understood. We examined the evidence considering the relationship between inflammation and frailty through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search of papers providing data on inflammatory biomarkers and frailty was carried out in major electronic databa...

Background The rapid growth of the size of the older population is having a substantial effect on health and social care services in many societies across the world. Maintaining health and functioning in older age is a key public health issue but few studies have examined factors associated with inequalities in trajectories of health and functionin...

Background To date, dementia prediction models have been exclusively developed and tested in high-income countries (HICs). However, most people with dementia live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where dementia risk prediction research is almost non-existent and the ability of current models to predict dementia is unknown. This st...

Background We aimed to identify specific multimorbidity latent classes among multi-ethnic community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 18 years in Malaysia. We further explored the risk factors associated with these patterns and examined the relationships between the multimorbidity patterns and 11-year all-cause mortality risk, as well as health-related qualit...

Background Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) disproportionately affect Latinos compared to non‐Latino whites. Leveraging the non‐monolithic structure of Latin America, which represents a large variability in social determinants of health (SDoH) and high levels of genetic admixture, we aimed to determine contributors to ADRD dispariti...

The proposed symposium will delve into crucial environmental factors affecting physical health, cognitive and mental health, in older populations. The first talk will explore urban environments’ impact on cognitive health, highlighting evidence gaps and concentrated areas of existing research, such as air pollution and social environment influences...

The ClimateMind50+ questionnaire is a tailored instrument to assess the knowledge, concerns, preparedness, behaviours, and involvement of individuals aged 50 and above. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to climate-related hazards such as extreme heat, flooding, and severe storms, yet their perspectives and contributions to climate resilience...

Objectives: Leveraging the non-monolithic structure of Latin America, which represents a large variability in social determinants of health (SDoH) and high levels of genetic admixture, we aim to evaluate the relative contributions of SDoH and genetic ancestry in predicting dementia risk in Latin American populations Methods: Community-dwelling part...

Objectives: Because of the continued transition to older populations, various strategies have been developed to estimate the social impact and burden of health care. Regarding mental health, a strategy in the elderly is the measurement of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), these include a wide range of behavioral and psychological manifestations. The...

Objectives: Studies in PD have traditionally focused on motor features, however, interest in non-motor manifestations has increased resulting in improved knowledge regarding the prognosis of the disease. Although several studies have explored the incidence of dementia in PD cohorts, these studies have been conducted mainly in reference centers in h...

Background: Limited knowledge exists about the association between Parkinsonism or Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cognitive impairment and dementia in Latin America. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the cross-sectional and prospective associations between Parkinsonism and PD with cognitive impairment and dementia in a large multi-country coho...

Our systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence on interventions targeting improvement in patient adherence to psychological treatments for common mental disorders. A search was conducted on six electronic databases using search terms under the following concepts: common mental disorders, adherence, psychological treatments and controlled tri...

Background Little is known about the relationship between parkinsonism or Parkinson's disease (PD) and frailty in Latin America. Objective The study aimed to determine the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between parkinsonism and PD with frailty in a large multi‐country cohort in Latin America. Frailty was assessed using three differen...

Background and Objectives The racial or ethnic disparity in the burden of dementia exists among older adults in the US while gaps remain in understanding the synergic effect of multiple social determinants of health on diminishing this disparity. We aim to build a polysocial score for dementia and investigate the racial or ethnic difference in deme...

This study aimed to explore the experience of living with unmet healthcare needs and to understand the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of older people and family caregivers in China. The study was nested within the 10/66 Dementia Research Group LIFE2YEARS project. We conducted in-depth interviews with 62 participants, using a narrative...

Objectives With increasing life expectancy and rapid ageing, there is an expanding number of older people who have functional declines, greater needs for care and support and who are at increased risk of insufficient social interaction. Longitudinal investigations on the interplay between loneliness, social isolation and care dependence remain limi...

Background and Objectives Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans can enhance the accuracy of dementia diagnoses. However, the perspectives and experiences of people with cognitive impairment and their care partners undergoing an amyloid scan are less well understood. Therefore, this review aimed to identify and summarize qualitative studi...

INTRODUCTION Leveraging the nonmonolithic structure of Latin America, which represents a large variability in social determinants of health (SDoH) and high levels of genetic admixture, we aim to evaluate the relative contributions of SDoH and genetic ancestry in predicting dementia prevalence in Latin American populations. METHODS Community‐dwelli...

Background Climate change not only directly impacts older people’s longevity but also healthy ageing, which is the process of maintaining physical and mental capacities while optimising functional abilities. The urgency to address both population ageing and climate change necessitates a rethink and assessment of the impact of climate change on olde...

Introduction: Multimorbidity—the co-existence of at least two chronic health conditions within the same individual—is an important global health challenge. In high-income countries (HICs), multimorbidity is dominated by non-communicable diseases (NCDs); whereas the situation may be different in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where chroni...

Background Air pollution has been recognised as a potential risk factor for dementia. Yet recent epidemiological research shows mixed evidence. The aim of this study is to investigate the longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in older people across five urban and rural areas in the UK. Methods This study was...

Background Current and former dementia policies in the United Kingdom (UK) recommend diagnosing dementia early, or as close to the onset of symptoms as possible. Informal caregivers play an important role in initiating the diagnostic process and providing support to people living with dementia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore caregiver perce...

Aims The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of early intervention for psychosis (EIP) services are well established in high-income countries but not in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the scarcity of local evidence, several EIP services have been implemented in LMICs. Local evaluations are warranted before adopting speciality mo...

Multimorbidity—the co-existence of at least two chronic health conditions within the same individual—is an important global health challenge. In high-income countries (HICs), multimorbidity is dominated by non-communicable diseases (NCDs); whereas the situation may be different in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where chronic communicable...

Background Unmet health needs have the potential to capture health inequality. Nevertheless, the course of healthcare needs fulfilment, and the role of multimorbidity in this process remains unclear. This study assessed the bidirectional transitions between met and unmet health needs and the transition to death and examined the effect of multimorbi...

Background Air pollution has been recognised as one of the key modifiable risk factors for dementia. In the UK, there is a lack of evidence from population‐based cohort studies including older people from different backgrounds and living environments. Using two multicentre ageing cohorts in England and Wales, the aim of this study is to investigate...

Background Amyloid‐β PET scans are a potentially useful diagnostic tool, however there is limited understanding of the impact of amyloid disclosure on persons with cognitive impairment and their caregivers. This study aimed to systematically review the impact of amyloid scan disclosure on patient and caregiver psychological and behavioral outcomes....

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a rapidly growing neurodegenerative disorder, but up‐to‐date epidemiological data are lacking in Latin America. We sought to estimate the prevalence and incidence of PD and parkinsonism in Latin America. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Lit...

Background Domestic and sexual violence and abuse (DSVA) is prevalent in the UK, with wide-ranging impacts both on individuals and society. However, to date, there has been no systematic synthesis of the evidence for the effectiveness of UK-based support interventions and services for victim-survivors of DSVA. This review will aim to systematically...

Background Little is known about the burden of parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Latin America. Better understanding of health service use and clinical outcomes in PD is needed to improve its prognosis. Objective The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of parkinsonism and PD in six Latin American countries. Methods 12,865 parti...

BACKGROUND Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) later in life. Whilst diabetes prevention interventions (DPI) have been developed to delay or prevent the onset of T2DM, few studies have provided process evaluation (PE) data to assess the mechanisms of impact, quality of...

Background intrinsic capacity (IC) is a construct encompassing people’s physical and mental abilities. There is an implicit link amongst IC domains: cognition, locomotion, nutrition, sensory and psychological. However, little is known about the integration of the domains. Objectives to investigate patterns in the presentation and evolution of IC d...

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) scans for amyloid-β can aid in the early and accurate detection of Alzheimer disease. The results of amyloid PET scans could help people with cognitive impairment and caregivers better understand their diagnosis; however, there are concerns that they could also cause psychological harm. Methods: A s...

Background: Domestic and sexual violence and abuse (DSVA) is prevalent in the UK, with wide-ranging impacts both on individuals and society. However, to date, there has been no systematic synthesis of the evidence for the effectiveness of UK-based support interventions and services for victim-survivors of DSVA. This review will aim to systematicall...

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are common in neurodegenerative diseases; however, little is known about the prevalence of NPSs in Hispanic populations. Methods: Using data from community-dwelling participants age 65 years and older enrolled in the 10/66 study (N = 11,768), we aimed to estimate the prevalence of NPSs in Hispanic pop...

Background STIs in older adults (adults aged 50 years and older) are on the rise due to variable levels of sex literacy and misperceived susceptibility to infections, among other factors. We systematically reviewed evidence on the effect of non-pharmacological interventions for the primary prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and hi...

Objectives: In the UK, a range of support services and interventions are available to people who have experienced or perpetrated domestic and sexual violence and abuse (DSVA). However, it is currently not clear which outcomes and outcome measures are used to assess their effectiveness. The objective of this review is to summarise, map and identify...

Background Individuals from minority ethnic groups in the UK are thought to be at higher risk of developing dementia while facing additional barriers to receiving timely care. However, few studies in the UK have examined if there are ethnic disparities in survival once individuals receive a dementia diagnosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective...

Background: There is rapid growth of older people in Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the literature on prevalence of anxiety and depression in this demographic, which to our knowledge, has not yet been conducted. Methods: Databases including Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Scielo and African Journals O...

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in a community-dwelling general adult population on a large Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) scale. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: South East Asia Community Observatory HDSS site in Malaysia. Participants: Of 45 246 particip...

The burden of dementia has been increasing rapidly in the US and huge racial/ethnic disparities exist. We examined whether social environment, measured in a comprehensive way (polysocial score approach), could modify the racial and ethnic differences in dementia. Data are from the Health and Retirement Study; 12,836 adults aged at least 65 years we...

Objectives Older adults contribute vast amounts of care to society, yet it remains unclear how unpaid productive activities relate to loneliness. The objective of this systematic review is to synthesise the evidence for associations between midlife and older people’s unpaid productive activities (i.e., spousal and grandparental caregiving, volunte...

Loneliness is an experience resulting from a perceived discrepancy between expected and actual social relationships. Although this discrepancy is widely considered the “core mechanism” of loneliness, previous research and interventions have not sufficiently addressed what older adults specifically expect from their social relationships. To address...

Introduction : Contributing to society constitutes an essential part of healthy ageing. To date, however, it remains unclear how valuable contributions such as caregiving and volunteering, also described as unpaid productive activities, are related to older adults’ loneliness. The present longitudinal study addresses this question in a lower- middl...

Introduction Bullying victimization has consistently been highlighted as a risk factor for self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) in young people. This systematic review of prospective, community‐based studies explored associations between bullying victimization (traditional/face‐to‐face and cyber) across the full spectrum of self‐harm and s...

Background Depression is a major public health challenge linked with several poor health outcomes and disabilities among adults aged 45 years and older in India. We aimed to describe the prevalence of depression and its association with a variety of sociodemographic correlates and co-existing health conditions for this age group in India and its st...

The ATHLOS cohort is composed of several harmonized datasets of international groups related to health and aging. As a result, the Healthy Aging index has been constructed based on a selection of variables from 16 individual studies. In this paper, we consider additional variables found in ATHLOS and investigate their utilization for predicting the...

Artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced interventions show promise for improving the delivery of long-term care (LTC) services for older people. However, the research field is developmental and has yet to be systematically synthesised. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the literature on the acceptability and effectiveness of AI-enhanced inte...

Primary care services can play an important role in addressing health inequalities and challenges of population ageing. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the availability of local primary care services can support satisfaction with health services and self-rated health in older people. This study was based on a population-based cohort...

Introduction: With no treatment for dementia, there is a need to identify high risk cases to focus preventive strategies, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where the burden of dementia is greatest. We evaluated the risk of conversion from mild cognitive ompairment (MCI) to dementia in LMICs. Methods: Medline, Embase, PsycI...

Background: Age and gender specific prevalence rates for parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease (PD) are important to guide research, clinical practice, and public health planning; however, prevalence estimates in Latin America (LatAm) are limited. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of parkinsonism and PD and examine related risk factors in a cohor...

Background: Unmet healthcare needs have increasingly been recognised as an indicator of equity of healthcare access and utilisation, having the potential to capture frailty of health and social protection systems. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of unmet healthcare needs and its correlates among middle-aged and older adul...

Background An understanding of whether early-life depression is associated with physical multimorbidity could be instrumental for the development of preventive measures and the integrated management of depression. We therefore aimed to map out the cumulative incidence of physical multimorbidity over adulthood, and to determine the association betwe...

The objective of this research was to systematically review and synthesize quantitative studies that assessed the association between socioeconomic inequalities and primary health care (PHC) utilization among older people living in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Six databases were searched, including Embase, Medline, Psych Info, Global...

Objectives: To analyse the empirical support of the functional ability concept in the healthy ageing framework developed by the WHO in a sample of the Philippine older population. According to this framework, environmental factors may enhance or hinder functional ability, which is the person's ability to do what they value, broadly represented by...

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has reframed health and healthcare for older people around achieving the goal of healthy ageing. The recent WHO Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) guidelines focus on maintaining intrinsic capacity, i.e., addressing declines in neuromusculoskeletal, vitality, sensory, cognitive, psychological, an...

Background Process evaluations of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can provide insight and inform us on the intervention implementation, the causal mechanisms and the contextual factors. This will inform about interventions’ success or failure due to their implementation or the interventions themselves. We aim to consolidate the methodology from...

Dementia poses major public health challenges, and high-quality epidemiological data are needed for service planning. Published estimates of numbers of people with dementia in Portugal have been based, in most cases, on prevalence rates derived from international studies or expert consensus. As in many other countries, Portuguese community prevalen...

Preventive healthcare is a crucial pillar of health as it contributes to staying healthy and having immediate treatment when needed. Mining knowledge from longitudinal studies has the potential to significantly contribute to the improvement of preventive healthcare. Unfortunately, data originated from such studies are characterized by high complexi...

OBJECTIVES Although there are disparities in both risk of developing dementia and accessibility of dementia services for certain minority ethnic (ME) groups in the US and UK, disparities in survival after a dementia diagnosis are less well-studied. Our objective was to systematically review the literature to investigate racial/ethnic differences in...

Background We aimed to identify specific patterns of physical multimorbidity, defined as the presence of two or more physical long-term conditions, and to examine the extent to which these specific patterns could predict future incident and persistent common mental health disorders (CMDs) in middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank. Methods W...

Background dementia policy suggests diagnosing dementia early can reduce the risk of potentially harmful hospital admissions or emergency department (ED) attendances; however, there is little evidence to support this. A diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) before dementia is a helpful proxy to explore early diagnosis. This study investigate...

Background The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a commonly used psychometric scale of depression. A four-factor structure (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal difficulties) was initially identified in an American sample aged 18 to 65. Despite emerging evidence, a latent structure has no...

Objectives In this study we aimed to 1) describe healthy ageing trajectory patterns, 2) examine the association between multimorbidity and patterns of healthy ageing trajectories, and 3) evaluate how different groups of diseases might affect the projection of healthy ageing trajectories over time. Setting and participants Our study was based on 13...

Recent technological advancements in various domains, such as the biomedical and health, offer a plethora of big data for analysis. Part of this data pool is the experimental studies that record various and several features for each instance. It creates datasets having very high dimensionality with mixed data types, with both numerical and categori...