Matthew Garb

Matthew Garb
Brooklyn College | CUNY · Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences

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77
Publications
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523
Citations

Publications

Publications (77)
Article
Full-text available
To explore both environmental change and the response of non‐fossilizing phytoplankton across the Cretaceous‐Paleogene (K‐Pg) boundary mass extinction event, we determined changes in organic matter (OM) sources using a range of apolar (n‐alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, steranes, and hopanes) and polar (BIT index) biomarkers. We analyzed two K‐Pg prox...
Article
A bolide impact ~66 million years ago near Chicxulub, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico triggered environmental perturbations on a global scale, leading to mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary. Outcrops on the U.S Gulf Coastal Plain that contain the K-Pg boundary provide a detailed record of environments across this critical transiti...
Chapter
Ammonites are present in ancient hydrocarbon seep deposits, ranging from the Devonian to the Cretaceous. The presence of large concentrations of ammonites in a deposit indicates that they were living at the site. This suggests that the depth of the site did not exceed the implosion depth of these cephalopods. The isotopic composition of well-preser...
Chapter
A fundamental geochemical process operating at methane seeps is the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) by which methane is oxidized and sulfate is reduced. This process takes place in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ), generally located below the sediment-water interface. Methane has a low δ13C signature, and this is transferred to the d...
Article
Full-text available
We examine temporal and spatial variation in morphology of the ammonoid cephalopod Discoscaphites iris using a large dataset from multiple localities in the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of the U.S. Gulf and Atlantic Coastal Plains, spanning a distance of 2000 km along the paleoshoreline. Our results suggest that the fossil record of D. iris is c...
Article
Methane seeps host rich biotic communities, forming patchy yet highly productive ecosystems across the global ocean. Persistent hydrocarbon emissions fuel chemosynthetic food webs at seeps. Methane seeps were abundant in the Western Interior Seaway of North America during the Late Cretaceous. This area also experienced intermittent ash falls, which...
Article
Full-text available
Numerous geochemical anomalies exist at the K-Pg boundary that indicate the addition of extraterrestrial materials; however, none fingerprint volatilization, a key process that occurs during large bolide impacts. Stable Zn isotopes are an exceptional indicator of volatility-related processes, where partial vaporization of Zn leaves the residuum enr...
Article
Upper Cretaceous marine sequences in the Gulf Coastal Plain (USA) span the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) transition, allowing for detailed studies of one of the most severe extinction events of the Phanerozoic. To improve the temporal resolution of the stratigraphic record that represents environmental change leading up to the K–Pg boundary, we const...
Article
Full-text available
We report on new collections of cephalopods (ammonites and nautilids) from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) successions of the Corsicana and Kincaid formations exposed along the Brazos River in Falls County, Texas. An abundant fauna of eight species comprising four genera of ammonites is described from the Corsicana Formation, including Discoscaphit...
Article
Full-text available
Cold methane seeps were common in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America. They provided a habitat for a diverse array of fauna including ammonites. Recent research has demonstrated that ammonites lived at these sites. However, it is still unknown if they hatched at the seeps or only arrived there later in ontogeny. To answer t...
Conference Paper
The Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary section in northwest Morocco is world famous for its vertebrate fossils. However, it also contains abundant ammonites (Baculites anceps). We present a lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic column based on three sections representing the upper Maastrichtian and lower Paleocene. The sections are mostly composed of...
Preprint
Full-text available
We describe an outcrop of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary exposed due to construction near New Albany, Union County, Mississippi. It consists of the Owl Creek Formation and overlying Clayton Formation. The Owl Creek Formation is rich in the ammonites Discoscaphites iris and Eubaculites carinatus, which, along with biostratigraphically impo...
Article
We describe an outcrop of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary exposed due to construction near New Albany, Union County, Mississippi. It consists of the Owl Creek Formation and overlying Clayton Formation. The Owl Creek Formation is rich in the ammonites Discoscaphites iris and Eubaculites carinatus, which, along with biostratigraphically impo...
Article
Full-text available
Ammonites, as well as other fauna, were common in methane seeps of the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway (WIS) of North America. Biogeochemical processes at the seeps, in particular the anaerobic oxidation of methane, produced a dissolved inorganic carbon reservoir with a low 13C, manifested in the carbon isotope composition of the inorganic...
Article
Ar/³⁹Ar dating of a bentonite associated with a cold methane seep deposit in the upper Campanian Baculites compressus Zone of the Pierre Shale in South Dakota yields an age of 73.79 ± 0.36 Ma. This is in close agreement with the previously published age of 74.05 ± 0.39 Ma for this zone (Obradovich, 1993) and nearly identical to an unpublished age o...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the US Western Interior is peppered with cold methane seep deposits. We have studied these deposits from the upper Campanian Baculites compressus and Didymoceras cheyennense zones in Custer County, South Dakota. These deposits contain an abundance of ammonites. The large concentration of ammonites and their ligh...
Conference Paper
Outcrops located along the Brazos River, Texas, which contain the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary have been extensively studied for the last 30 years, and provide critical insight into the timing and nature of the mass extinction event 66 million years ago. New investigations of the Corsicana Formation at two sites (Darting Minnow and Cottonmo...
Conference Paper
Approximately 66 mya, a bolide impact occurred near Chicxulub on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. This event is thought to have caused widespread environmental perturbation, resulting in a mass extinction. Outcrops containing the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary on the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain provide detailed information about depositional enviro...
Article
The Cretaceous outcrop belt of the Mississippi Embayment in the Gulf Coastal Plain (GCP) spans the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary. A detailed reconstruction of this time interval is critical for understanding the nature of biotic and environmental changes preceding the end-Cretaceous Mass Extinction event and for deciphering the likely extinc...
Conference Paper
The objective of this project is to develop a method for predicting the geographic distribution of trace fossils and bedding features. Cambrian units exposed in the Emigrant Pass area of California were used as a model for the interior range of California’s Basin and Range province. GPS Trimbles were used to collect points in the field to interpret...
Article
Full-text available
Significance Because ammonites are one of the most diverse, abundant, and well-preserved clades in the history of life, they are a mainstay in macroevolutionary and biodiversity studies; however, their ecologies are poorly understood, and it is unknown whether taxa lived near the sea surface or seafloor. This uncertainty undermines their use in pal...
Article
Methane seeps in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the U.S. Western interior contain a rich fauna including ammonites (Baculites, Hoploscaphites, Didymoceras, Placenticeras, Solenoceras), bivalves (Lucina), gastropods, sponges, and crinoids. Occasionally, the shell material in the seeps is very well preserved, retaining the original mineralogy a...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Evidence of the end-Cretaceous impact has been widely observed in the eastern Mississippi Embayment and northeastern Mexico. Surprisingly, given its proximity to the impact site, indicators of the Chicxulub impact are missing in the western Mississippi Embayment between the sites at Brazos River, TX and Crowley's Ridge, MO. This study documents imp...
Article
Full-text available
Sedimentary deposits in Stoddard County, southeastern Missouri, reveal a K-Pg transition sequence represented by the uppermost Maastrichtian Owl Creek Formation and the Paleocene Clayton Formation. The Clayton Formation is characterized by a basal fossiliferous coquinite that contains reworked late Maastrichtian macrofossils. Dinoflagellate biostra...
Article
Full-text available
Terry et al. (2001) proposed that the Fox Hills Formation in the area of Badlands National Park, southwestern South Dakota, USA, contains the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary, marked by a thick layer of contorted bedding called the Disturbed or Disrupted Zone (DZ). Examination of the ammonites from just below this layer yields Hoploscaphites ni...
Article
Landman, N.H., Garb, M.P., Rovelli, R., Ebel, D.S., and Edwards, L.E. 2012. Short-term survival of ammonites in New Jersey after the end-Cretaceous bolide impact. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 57 (4): 703-715. A section containing the Cretaceous/Paleogene (= Cretaceous/Tertiary) boundary in Monmouth County, New Jersey, preserves a record of ammonit...
Article
Full-text available
Methane seep deposits are common in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the U.S. Western Interior. They contain a rich fauna including ammonites, bivalves, gastropods, sponges, corals, echinoids, crinoids, and fish. In an effort to understand the role of ammonites in these ecosystems, we examined a seep from the upper Campanian Didymoceras cheyenn...
Article
Methane seep deposits are common in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the U.S. Western Interior. They contain a rich fauna including ammonites (Baculites, Hoploscaphites, Didymoceras, Placenticeras, Solenoceras), bivalves (Lucina), gastropods, sponges, and crinoids. In an effort to understand the environment of these systems and their influence...
Article
Methane seep deposits are common in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the U.S. Western Interior. They contain a rich fauna including ammonites (Baculites, Hoploscaphites, Didymoceras, Placenticeras, Solenoceras), bivalves (Lucina), gastropods, sponges, and crinoids. In an effort to understand the environment of these systems, we have examined a...
Article
Geological investigations in the upper Manasquan River Basin, central Monmouth County, New Jersey, reveal a Cretaceous/Tertiary ( = Cretaceous/Paleogene) succession consisting of approximately 2 m of the Tinton Formation overlain by 2 m of the Hornerstown Formation. The top of the Tinton Formation consists of a very fossiliferous unit, approximatel...
Article
Full-text available
The Fairpoint Member of the Fox Hills Formation (upper Maastrichtian) in Meade County, South Dakota, USA, contains an osteichthyan assemblage indicative of transitional to marine shoreface deposits. The fauna consists of: Lepisosteus sp., Paralbula casei, Cylindracanthus cf. C. ornatus, Enchodus gladiolus, Hadrodus sp., and indeterminate osteichthy...
Article
Geological investigations in the upper Manasquan River Basin, central Monmouth County, New Jersey, reveal a Cretaceous/Tertiary (= Cretaceous/Paleogene) succession consisting of approximately 2 m of the Tinton Formation overlain by 2 m of the Hornerstown Formation. The top of the Tinton Formation consists of a very fossiliferous unit, approximately...

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