Mats Lindroos

European Spallation Source (ESS) | ESS · Accelerator Division

In this paper, we study scalar mediator induced nonstandard interactions (SNSIs) in the context of the ESSnuSB experiment. In particular, we study the capability of ESSnuSB to put bounds on the SNSI parameters and also study the impact of SNSIs in the measurement of the leptonic C P phase δ C P . Existence of SNSIs modifies the neutrino mass matrix...

The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory. Once completed to full specifications, it will operate the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3 million Euro Research and Innovation Action within the EU Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNE...

A key aim of the HighNESS project for the European Spallation Source is to enable cutting-edge particle physics experiments. This volume presents a conceptual design report for the NNBAR experiment. NNBAR would exploit a new cold lower moderator to make the first search in over thirty years for free neutrons converting to anti-neutrons. The observa...

A compression of the ESS proton pulse from the present 2.86 milliseconds to a medium pulse length of a few tens of microseconds which is better matched to the moderator time-constant of thermal neutrons would considerably boost the performance for many instruments at ESS. Generating such a proton pulse with preserved instantaneous beam power requir...

In this paper we study non-standard interactions mediated by a scalar field (SNSI) in the context of ESSnuSB experiment. In particular we study the capability of ESSnuSB to put bounds on the SNSI parameters and also study the impact of SNSI in the measurement of the leptonic CP phase δ CP. Existence of SNSI modifies the neutrino mass matrix and thi...

The European Spallation Source ESS has still a huge upgrade potential by using an accelerator ring structure for proton pulse compression that can change the long pulse to a medium pulse structure. Therefore, we consider the performance of a medium pulse structure on the existing ESS target, moderator and neutron instrumentation. A medium proton pu...

ESSnuSB is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector at the second neutrino oscillation maximum using a neutrino beam driven by the uniquely powerful ESS linear accelerator. The reduced impact of systematic errors on sensitivity at the second maximum allows for a very precise measurement of the CP violating...

Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. The...

ESSnuSB is a design study for an experiment to measure the CP violation in the leptonic sector at the second neutrino oscillation maximum using a neutrino beam driven by the uniquely powerful ESS linear accelerator. The reduced impact of systematic errors on sensitivity at the second maximum allows for a very precise measurement of the CP violating...

Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world's brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. The...

A design study, named ESSνSB for European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam, has been carried out during the years 2018–2022 of how the 5 MW proton linear accelerator of the European Spallation Source under construction in Lund, Sweden, can be used to produce the world’s most intense long-baseline neutrino beam. The high beam intensity will all...

The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund Sweden, will be a spallation neutron source driven by a superconducting proton linac with a design power of 5 MW. The linac features a high peak current of 62.5 mA and long pulse length of 2.86 ms with a repetition rate of 14 Hz. The normal conducting part of the linac has been un...

This conceptual design report provides a detailed account of the European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam (ESS$\nu$SB) feasibility study. This facility has been proposed after the measurements reported in 2012 of a relatively large value of the neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$, which raised the possibility of observing potential CP violati...

In this Snowmass 2021 white paper, we summarise the Conceptual Design of the European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam (ESSvSB) experiment and its synergies with the possible future muon based facilities, e.g. a Low Energy nuSTORM and the Muon Collider. The ESSvSB will benefit from the high power, 5 MW, of the European Spallation Source (ESS)...

In this paper, we present the physics performance of the ESSnuSB experiment in the standard three flavor scenario using the updated neutrino flux calculated specifically for the ESSnuSB configuration and updated migration matrices for the far detector. Taking conservative systematic uncertainties corresponding to a normalization error of \(5\%\) fo...

The violation of baryon number, B, is an essential ingredient for the preferential creation of matter over antimatter needed to account for the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe. However, such a process has yet to be experimentally observed. The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source to sea...

In this paper, we present the physics performance of the ESSnuSB experiment in the standard three flavor scenario using the updated neutrino flux calculated specifically for the ESSnuSB configuration and updated migration matrices for the far detector. Taking conservative systematic uncertainties corresponding to a normalization error of $5\%$ for...

The European spallation source (ESS) uses a linear accelerator (linac) to deliver the high intensity proton beam to the target station for producing intense beams of neutrons. At the exit of the linac, the proton beam will have 2 GeV energy and 62.5 mA current. The construction of an accelerator with the contribution of different laboratories is no...

The violation of Baryon Number, $\mathcal{B}$, is an essential ingredient for the preferential creation of matter over antimatter needed to account for the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe. However, such a process has yet to be experimentally observed. The HIBEAM/NNBAR %experiment program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European...

It is well known from Maxwell theory that electromagnetic radiation is emitted whenever electric charges are accelerated in free space. This radiation assumes quite extraordinary properties whenever the charged particles move at ultrarelativistic speed: The radiation becomes very powerful and tightly collimated in space, and it may easily cover a r...

The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is established as a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), is a multi-disciplinary research facility that is currently under construction. ESS has as vision to develop to a world class facility, enabling scientific breakthroughs in research related to materials, energy, health and the environ...

There are a number of corrections that should be noted. Nevertheless, the scientific content discussed in the paper is not affected by these corrections. Page 1: Revised author list. A number of authors who contributed to the paper were missing in the author list. Antonio Vergara has been added as the article editor. Finally, one authors name was a...

Value engineering is an important part of the process of designing and realising large-scale installations such as high power accelerators. This typically occurs during the design stage of the system, although such exercises may also be requested by funding bodies at later stages in order to manage project contingency. Naturally, the later this is...

Value engineering is an important part of the process of designing and realising large-scale installations such as high power accelerators. This typically occurs during the design stage of the system, although such exercises may also be requested by funding bodies at later stages in order to manage project contingency. Naturally, the later this is...

The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a research center that will provide, by 2023, the world’s most powerful neutron source. The average power of the proton linac will be 5 MW. Pulsing this linac at higher frequency will make it possible to raise the average total beam power to 10 MW to produce, in...

The development of integrated silicon microcalorimeters with high resolving power for low-energetic single quanta of radiation is being carried out. The optimum thermistor implantation dose has been found, and measurements have shown, that our detectors are very sensitive. The experimental set-up, however, suffers from mechanical vibrations, which...

The development of integrated silicon microcalorimeters with high resolving power for low-energetic single quanta of radiation is being carried out. The optimum thermistor implantation dose has been found, and measurements have shown, that our detectors are very sensitive. The experimental set-up, however, suffers from mechanical vibrations, which...

The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a research centre based on the world's most powerful neutron source currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, using 2.0 GeV, 2.86 ms long proton pulses at 14 Hz for the spallation facility (5MW on target). It would be possible to pulse the linac at higher frequency to deliver, in parallel with the spallat...

Very intense neutrino beams and large neutrino detectors will be needed in order to enable the discovery of CP violation in the leptonic sector. We propose to use the proton linac of the European Spallation Source currently under construction in Lund, Sweden to deliver, in parallel with the spallation neutron production, a very intense, cost effect...

Very intense proton sources are being planned at many facilities worldwide. These facilities are based on superconducting radio frequency accelerating structures. The nature of these structures require many power sources with a peak power capability in the 1 MW range with a duty factor on the order of 10%. In the past, the conventional choice for R...

The European Spallation Source (ESS) requires 5 MW of proton beam power which is a factor of five larger in power compared to existing spallation facilities. To accommodate the high power, the ESS facility will pioneer the long pulse concept. The proton linac sourcing the neutron spallation target will be a 2 GeV superconducting linac that requires...

ESS server PDF download link http://eval.esss.lu.se/DocDB/0002/000274/014/TDR_online_ver_all.pdf ESS, the European Spallation Source, will be a major user facility at which researchers from academia and industry will investigate scientific questions using neutron beams. Neutron methods provide insights about the molecular building blocks of matter...

This document is part of Subvolume C 'Accelerators and Colliders' of Volume 21 'Elementary Particles' of Landolt-Börnstein - Group I 'Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms'. It contains the the Section '11.4 Spallation Sources' of the Chapter '11 Application of Accelerators and Storage Rings' with the content: 11.4 Spallation Sources 11.4.1 Introd...

The CDR is a technical document. The baseline specification is for a 5 MW power, long pulse facility delivering neutrons to 22 independent instruments for the study of materials in all their diversity from pharmaceuticals and membranes, to colloids and polymers, to magnetic and superconducting materials, and on to engineering and archeological arte...

The European roadmap for nuclear physics advocates the construction of two next generation radioactive beam facilities: the projectile fragmentation facility FAIR at Darmstadt, Germany and the ISOL facility EURISOL. The EURISOL concept is being studied in the framework of a pan-european Design Study funded by the European Commission. The general de...

The potential for thorium as an alternative or supplement to uranium in fission power generation has long been recognised, and several reactors, of various types, have already operated using thorium-based fuels. Accelerator Driven Subcritical (ADS) systems have benefits and drawbacks when compared to conventional critical thorium reactors, for both...

In 2003 the joint European effort to design a European Spallation Source (ESS) resulted in a set of reports, and in May 2009 Lund was agreed to be the ESS site. The ESS Scandinavia office has since then worked on setting all the necessary legal and organizational matters in place so that the Design Update and construction can be started in January...

This paper reports first estimates of the radiation protection shielding required for the ESS machine and provides a preliminary characterization of the residual radiation field inside the accelerator tunnel. Two scenarios were analyzed: (a) an accidental full beam loss during 1 s every day and (b) continuous beam loss of 1 W m -1 , representing no...

The Beta-Beam is a concept of large-scale facility that aims at providing pure electronic neutrino and antineutrino beams for the measurement of \( \nu_{e}^{}\) \( \rightarrow\) \( \nu_{\mu}^{}\) oscillations. Beta-decaying nuclides are produced in large amounts in a facility of the scale of EURISOL, and are then post-accelerated and stored at larg...

High power proton linacs are used as drivers for spalla-tion neutron sources, and are proposed as drivers for sub-critical accelerator driven thorium reactors. A linac op-timized for a specific average pulse current can be diffi-cult, or inefficient, to operate at higher currents, for exam-ple due to mis-matching between the RF coupler and the beam...

The European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world's most powerful next generation neutron source. It consists of a linear accelerator, target, and instruments for neutron experiments. The linac is designed to accelerate protons to a final energy of 2.5 GeV, with a design beam power of 5 MW, for collision with a target used to pro-duce a high n...

Lund was chosen as the site of the European Spallation Source in May 2009. The Design Update phase (January 2011 to December 2012) will be completed by the delivery of a Technical Design Report. After approval of the CDR, the ESS project will proceed to construction, installation, and commissioning. The superconducting linac is expected to begin de...

The ultimate goal of neutrino oscillation physics is the search for leptonic CP violation, which will require neutrino beams that are much more intense and pure than those used in present experiments. Beta beams are an attractive innovative possibility in this direction. Neutrinos are generated by the beta decays of radioactive nuclei and are accel...

Experiments with reaccelerated beams are an essential component of the science program of existing and future rare isotope beam facilities. NSCL is currently constructing ReA3, a reaccelerator for rare isotopes that have been produced by projectile fragmentation and in-flight fission and that have been thermalized in a gas stopper. The resulting lo...

On account of its high efficiency, speed and unmatched selectivity, the Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source (RILIS) is the preferred method for ionizing the nuclear reaction products at the ISOLDE on-line isotope separator facility. By exploiting the unique electronic energy level ‘fingerprint’ of a chosen element, the RILIS process of laser step...

A three year design update for the European Spallation Source (ESS) LINAC is just starting. A review of this work is presented. Acceleration in the medium energy part of the LINAC using spoke cavities has been optimised, and the rest of the machine has been redesigned to incorporate this optimisation. The ESS LINAC will deliver an average power of...

The European Spallation Source, ESS, will use a linear accelerator delivering high current long pulses with an av-erage beam power of 5 MW to the target station at 2.5 GeV in the nominal design. The possibilities to upgrade to a higher power Linac at fixed energy are considered. This paper will present a full review of the Linac design and the beam...

The European roadmap for nuclear physics advocates the construction of two next generation radioactive beam facilities: the projectile fragmentation facility FAIR at Darmstadt, Germany and the ISOL facility EURISOL. The EURISOL concept is being studied in the framework of a pan-european Design Study funded by the European Commission. The general de...

The Eurisol initiative seeks to develop an isotope production facility to provide the scientific community with the means to achieving high yields of isotopes and extending the variety of isotopes thus produced towards more exotic types rarely seen in existing facilities. The Multi-MW converter target at the heart of the projected facility is desig...

The advance in neutrino oscillation physics is driven by the availability of well characterized and high flux neutrino beams. The three present options for the next generation neutrino oscillation facility are super beams, neutrino factories and beta-beams. A super-beam is a very high intensity classical neutrino beam generated by protons impinging...

The upgrade of the normal conducting (NC) Radioactive Ion Beam EXperiment (REX)-ISOLDE heavy ion accelerator at CERN, under the High Intensity and Energy (HIE)-ISOLDE framework, proposes the use of superconducting (SC) quarter-wave resonators (QWRs) to increase the energy capability of the facility from 3 MeV/u to beyond 10 MeV/u. A beam dynamics s...

We propose a method to measure the neutrino mass kinematically using beams of ions which undergo beta decay. The idea is to tune the ion beam momentum so that in most decays, the electron is forward moving with respect to the beam, and only in decays near the endpoint is the electron moving backwards. Then, by counting the backward moving electrons...

For the post-accelerator of radioactive ion beams at CERN a major upgrade is planned to take place in the next 4-5 years. The upgrade consists in boosting the energy of the machine from 3MeV/u up to 10 MeV/u with beams of mass-to-charge ratio 2.5

The beta-beam concept for the generation of electron neutrino beams was first proposed by Piero Zucchelli in 2002. The idea created quite a stir, challenging the idea that intense neutrino beams only could be produced from the decay of pions or muons in classical neutrino beams facilities or in future neutrino factories. The concept initially strug...

The resonance ionization laser ion source (RILIS) at the ISOLDE on-line isotope separator is based on the selective excitation of atomic transitions by tunable laser radiation. New ion beams have been produced with RILIS in recent years: Sb, Sc, Dy, Au, Hg and Po. In total, isotopes of 26 different elements have been selectively laser-ionized and s...

Among the multiple progresses in radioactive ion beam (RIB) manipulation for physics experiments, the beam cooling and bunching in gas-filled RF traps has become a widely used technique. It is particularly well adapted to precision experiments, such as Penning trap mass spectrometry or collinear laser spectroscopy. At ISOLDE, an rf quadrupole coole...

The ISOLDE charge breeder and post-accelerator REX has been operational for more than 5 years and is now routinely delivering beams to nuclear physics experiments. An overview of the present performances of the machine and a number of recent developments and tests of beam purification techniques are presented in this paper.

The HIE-ISOLDE project proposal is a major staged upgrade to the existing REX accelerator facility at ISOLDE with the objective to provide radioactive beams up to 6 MeV/u with a future option of going to 10 MeV/u. The ambition is to make all isotopes produced at ISOLDE (>800) available as post accelerated beams. The beam quality will be much improv...

Modern Nuclear Physics requires access to higher yields of rare isotopes, that relies on further development of the In-flight and Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) production methods. The limits of the In-Flight method will be applied via the next generation facilities FAIR in Germany, RIKEN in Japan, and RIBF in the United States. The ISOL method...

This paper presents results of experiment which studied (using the Nuclear-Orientation technique) the gamma -decay of isomeric 180mHf. The described experiment used the newly developed mass-separated 180mHf beam at ISOLDE, CERN which was implanted into an iron foil polarized at millikelvin temperatures. The observed irregular admixture of E2 to M2/...

Many ideas have been brought forward for how to evolve the beta-beam concept since it first was proposed in 2002 [1]. The focus of most proposals have been on the limitations on the production side and how these problems can be overcome. Other proposals have been made for higher energy beta-beams and how to produce monochromatic neutrino beams from...