Mathie Lorrot

Paris Diderot University | UP7 · Pédiatrie générale -Hôpital Robert Debré (APHP) Paris.

Introduction: Vaccine-related medication errors can occur at each step of the vaccination process: prescribing, dispensing, preparation, administration, monitoring, transport, and storage. We aimed to describe current knowledge of vaccination-related errors to identify areas for improvement. Material and methods: We performed a literature review...

Objectives Acute bronchiolitis is a major public health issue with high number of infants hospitalised worldwide each year. In France, hospitalisations mostly occur between October and March and peak in December. A reduction of emergency visits for bronchiolitis has been observed at onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. We aimed to assess the pandemic ef...

Background Exposure of blood to malaria parasites can lead to infection even in the absence of the anopheles mosquito vector. During a stay in a healthcare facility, accidental inoculation of the skin with blood from a malaria patient might occur, referred to as nosocomial malaria transmission. Methods Between 2007 and 2021, we identified six auto...

Aim To describe the management of home oxygen therapy for infants with acute bronchiolitis through a home care network: Hospital at Home (HAH). Methods A retrospective observational study was carried out during two consecutive winters from 2012 to 2014. Results A total of 141 patients were eligible for home oxygen therapy, and 54 were discharged...

Aim We aimed to investigate the performance of procalcitonin (PCT) assay between 12 and 36 h after onset of fever (PCT H12-H36) to predict invasive bacterial infection (IBI) (ie, meningitis and/or bacteremia) in febrile neonates. Methods We retrospectively included all febrile neonates hospitalized in the general pediatric department in a teaching...

SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis is a cornerstone for the management of Coronavirus disease 2019. Numerous studies have assessed saliva performance over nasopharyngeal sampling (NPS), but data in young children are still rare. We explored saliva performance for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection by RT‐PCR according to the time interval from initial symptoms or patient serol...

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against coronavirus disease 2019 were implemented in March 2020. These measures were followed by a major impact on viral and non-viral diseases. We aimed to assess the impact of NPI implementation in France on hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (hCAP) frequency and the clinical and biological character...

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe form associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. To reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the population level, educational setting closure have been implemented in many countries. However, the direct benefit of school closure on the MIS-C burden remains to be e...

Background SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is generally milder than in adults, yet a proportion of cases result in hyperinflammatory conditions often including myocarditis. Methods To better understand these cases, we applied a multi-parametric approach to the study of blood cells of 56 children hospitalized with suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection...

Background Children have a low rate of COVID-19 and secondary severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) but present a high prevalence of symptomatic seasonal coronavirus infections. Aim We tested if prior infections by seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV) NL63, HKU1, 229E or OC43 as assessed by serology, provide cross-protective immunity against SAR...

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is generally milder than in adults, yet a proportion of cases result in hyperinflammatory conditions often including myocarditis. To better understand these cases, we applied a multi-parametric approach to the study of blood cells of 56 children hospitalized with suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most severe fo...

Abstract Acute arthritis is a common cause of consultation in pediatric emergency wards. Arthritis can be caused by juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), septic (SA) or remain undetermined (UA). In young children, SA is mainly caused by Kingella kingae (KK), a hard to grow bacteria leading generally to a mild clinical and biological form of SA. An e...

Importance Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is the most severe pediatric disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, potentially life-threatening, but the optimal therapeutic strategy remains unknown. Objective To compare intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) plus methylprednisolone vs IVIG...

Background The extent to which very young children contribute to the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is unclear. We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in daycare centres that remained open for key workers' children during a nationwide lockdown in France. Methods Children and staff who attended one of 22 daycare centre...

Acute bronchiolitis is one of the most common health burdens in infants worldwide and leads to frequent hospitalisation, morbidity and mortality (1). Children have been relatively spared by the COVID‐19 pandemic, but reports of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (2) and probable long‐term COVID (3) effects in children have started to emerge. One maj...

Background: Initial reports on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in children suggested that very young age and comorbidities may increase risk of severe evolution, but these findings remained to be confirmed. We aimed to analyze the clinical spectrum of hospitalized pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and predictor...

Aim This study determined the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the occurrence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) and compared the main characteristics of MIS‐C and Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods We included patients aged up to 18 years of age who were diagnosed with MIS‐C or KD in a paediatric university hospital in Pari...

Introduction: While drug prescription should be based on established recommendations stemming from clinical trials but in pediatrics, many drugs are used without marketing authorization. Consequently recommendations are often based on clinical experience and the risk of inappropriate prescription (IP) is high. A tool for detecting IP in pediatrics...

This case series examines cardiac MRI findings in four children and adolescents admitted to intensive care in April 2020 for multisystem inflammatory syndrome and Kawasaki disease-like features related to COVID-19. Acute myocarditis occurred less than 1 week after onset of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Physical examination showed rash and ch...

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is widely used as an anesthetic or an analgesic. N2O prolonged and recurrent administration is known to affect vitamin B12 metabolism with subsequent clinical consequences. We report herein the case of a 13-year-old girl with sickle cell disease exhibiting severe neurological and biochemical signs of functional vitamin B12 defic...

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify early clinical and laboratory features that distinguish acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in children presenting with persistent bone or joint pain for at least 1 month. Methods We performed a multicenter case-control study and reviewed medical recor...

The objective of this study was to determine the number of cases of pediatric meningitis or purpura fulminans associated with an incorrect vaccination status from 2011 to 2013 in France. A total of 48 children with vaccine-preventable meningitis or purpura fulminans, including three deaths, had an incorrect vaccination status: 26 cases were due to...

We sought datasets with granular age distributions of rotavirus-positive disease presentations among children <5 years of age, before the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. We identified 117 datasets and fit parametric age distributions to each country dataset and mortality stratum. We calculated the median age and the cumulative proportion of rot...

We describe the first case of 2 consecutive acute septic arthritis infections of both knees caused by the same virulent strain of Kingella kingae belonging to the virulent sequence type complex 14, in a 16-month-old boy. Both infections occurred after viral upper respiratory tract infections.

Importance In several countries, 5 years after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) implementation, serotype replacement has been reported for invasive pneumococcal disease, which raises concerns about the long-term outcome of PCV13 implementation. The long-term effect of vaccination on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unknown...

Background The incidence of meningitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) and Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko) in high-income countries is unknown, and no series have been published to date. Methods We conducted a nationwide multicenter observational study in France between 2006 and 2016. All children from the French national registry for paediatric bact...

Aim Studies on bone and joint infections (BJI) in infants under three months are rare. We described the clinical and paraclinical features and outcomes of infants hospitalised with BJI under three months of age. Methods The French National Hospital Discharge Database provided data on BJIs in infants under three months of age from January 2004 to 2...

The pharmacokinetic profile of most drugs is dependent on patient's covariates and may be influenced by the disease. Cefotaxime is frequently prescribed in pediatric patients with sickle-cell disease (SCD), characterized by vaso-occlusive complications, chronic haemolytic anaemia and defective immunological function predisposing to severe infection...

Objectives To assess the management of febrile urinary-tract infection (FUTIs) due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in children, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Group of the French Pediatric Society set up an active surveillance network in pediatric centers across France in 2014. Materials and methods We pro...

Background. This study (ARPEC projet Group) was conducted to assess the variation in prescription practices for systemic antimicrobial agents used for prophylaxis among pediatric patients hospitalized in 41 countries worldwide. (2012) Methods. Using the standardized Antibiotic Resistance and Prescribing in European Children Point Prevalence Survey...

Background: The pharmacokinetic profile of most drugs is dependent on patient's covariates and may be influenced by the disease. Cefotaxime is frequently prescribed in paediatric patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), characterized by vaso-occlusive complications, chronic haemolytic anaemia and defective immunological function predisposing to sev...

ENT infections are the most common childhood infections and the leading causes of antibiotic prescriptions. These infections are mainly due to viruses and most of them (even if bacterial species are implicated) resolve spontaneously. Therefore, the first message is to not prescribe antibiotics in the following situations: common cold, non-streptoco...

Acute hematogenous bone and joint infections (osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, osteoarthritis, and spondylodiscitis) affect more frequently children younger than 5 years of age. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are needed to limit the risk of complications. Children with suspected bone and joint infections (BJI) should be hospitalized at the be...

Bacterial skin and soft tissues infections are common in children and frequently do not require systemic antibiotics, especially if lesions are superficial. Careful washing is always indicated in superficial lesions and is often sufficient. Careful evaluation of symptoms (which may be difficult despite the accessibility of the lesions) should be pe...

Background: Many countries have observed an early and strong impact of implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). High levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are considered biomarkers of bacterial infection (particularly infection due to pneumococcus); therefore...

Background Escherichia coli (E. coli) is rarely implicated in bone or joint infections in children. Case presentation We discuss the case of a healthy 12-year-old girl with an E. coli bacteraemia and a T11-T12 spondylodiscitis revealed by magnetic resonance imaging. The strain harboured serogroup O1:K1 and virulence factors common to highly virule...

Introduction L’acné fulminans (AF) est définie par la survenue brutale d’une acné pustuleuse et nécrotique, extensive, douloureuse, associée à une AEG fébrile, un syndrome inflammatoire biologique et une atteinte ostéoarticulaire dont l’expression la plus classique est l’ostéomyélite multifocale chronique récurrente (OCMR). Nous rapportons une séri...

Objectifs Décrire les infections ostéoarticulaires (IOA) des nourrissons de moins de 3 mois. Matériels et méthodes Les données ont été collectées rétrospectivement chez tous les enfants âgés de moins de 3 mois hospitalisés pour une IOA sur une période de 11 ans (2004–2015) dans les CHU Debré, Trousseau et Necker (Paris). Résultats Au total, 71 en...

Objectif Décrire les infections ostéo-articulaires (IOA) des nourrissons de moins de 3 mois. Patients et méthodes Les données ont été collectées rétrospectivement chez tous les enfants âgés de moins de 3 mois hospitalisés pour une IOA sur une période de 11 ans (2004–2015) dans les CHU Debré, Trousseau et Necker (Paris). Résultats Au total, 71 enf...

Aim: Childhood arthritis arises from several causes. The aim of this observational study is to compare the clinical and biological features and short-term outcome of different types of arthritis because they have different treatment and prognoses. Methods: Children <16 years of age hospitalised in a French tertiary care centre for a first episod...

Résumé Le rotavirus est la cause la plus fréquente de gastro-entérite (GEA) nécessitant une hospitalisation chez l’enfant. C’est un virus très résistant et contagieux à l’origine de nombreuses GEA nosocomiales (GEAN). En France, le vaccin contre le rotavirus est disponible depuis 2006, mais il n’est pas recommandé. Le but de cette étude rétrospecti...

Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. A prospective surveillance network has been set up to investigate the virological and clinical features of RVA infections and to detect the emergence of potentially epidemic strains in France. From 2009 to 2014, RVA-positive stool samples were collect...

Background The incidence of invasive group A streptococcus (GAS) infections is increasing worldwide, whereas there has been a dramatic decrease in pneumococcal invasive diseases. Few data describing GAS pleural empyema in children are available. Objective To describe the clinical and microbiological features, management and outcome of GAS pleural e...

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a concern in pediatric spine surgery with unusually high rates for a clean surgery, and especially for patients with deformity of non-idiopathic etiology. Microbiologic differences between etiologies of spine deformities have been poorly investigated. Methods: we reviewed all cases of SSI in spinal...

Anti-inflammatory drugs have been suspected on several occasions to have promoted development of bacterial infection among varicella patients. Some countries have not implemented childhood varicella vaccination. Three cases in our hospital suggested the predisposing role of NSAIDs in varicella patient deterioration. Open access to these drugs widel...

Background: Very few studies describe group B streptococcal dermo-hypodermitis in newborns. Objectives: To describe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and course of group B streptococcal dermo-hypodermitis in infants less than 3 months old. Patients and methods: Infants under 3 months of age, hospitalized for group B streptococcal dermo-...

The effects of ethambutol (EMB) on vision are particularly difficult to detect in children less than 5 years of age because of a lack of complaints and objective clinical signs. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of visual abnormalities and the utility of visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) recordings in monitoring the visual function of...

Objective. To document more fully the characteristics of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) in pediatric patients, to collect data on the outcomes and management of the disease, and to define prognostic factors. Methods. One hundred seventy-eight patients were included (123 female patients and 55 male patients), with a mean SD age at...

Arthritis in children has many causes and includes septic and viral arthritis, reactive arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We aimed to describe the different types of arthritis among children hospitalised for a first episode of arthritis. Retrospective, descriptive case series study. A French tertiary care centre. Children under 16...

ABSTRACT Aim: Kingella kingae osteoarticular (KKO) infections are frequently associated with upper respiratory tract infections. However, no comparative studies detecting respiratory viruses had ever been performed between KKO and non-KKO (NKO). Eighteen viruses were searched by FilmArray(®) Respiratory Panel (BioFire Diagnostics, UT, USA) in the o...

To investigate predictive factors of surgical management of subperiosteal orbital abscess in children. A retrospective monocentric study was conducted between 2000 and 2011 with children hospitalized for acute pediatric orbital cellulitis (APOC). Clinical, biological and radiological data as well as medical and surgical management were collected an...

Chez l’enfant, un épanchement articulaire fébrile doit faire suspecter le diagnostic d’arthrite septique (AS) et réaliser une ponction articulaire pour confirmer le diagnostic et effectuer un lavage articulaire. La protéine C-réactive (CRP) est une aide diagnostique mais dans les AS son élévation peut être modérée ou nulle. Dans une étude précédent...

The group A streptococcus (GAS) is the 5(th) responsible pathogen of invasive infections in children in France. These particularly severe diseases are dominated in children by soft tissue infection, isolated bacteremia but also osteoarthritis. Other complications are rare in France such as lung infections, necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and streptococc...

Septic arthritis has to be suspected in children with joint effusion and fever so as to perform joint aspiration, which will confirm the diagnosis by bacteriological methods, and to perform surgical treatment by joint lavage. Since development of current molecular methods, such as real-time PCR, Kingella kingae has become the first microbial agent...

Objective: Numerous studies have shown that the tolerance of children to fluoroquinolones (FQs) is satisfactory, and some indications have been recently agreed upon. However, vigilance is required when prescribing FQ to children. The aim of our study was to describe the prescription of FQs to children hospitalized in our hospital. Materials and m...

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are the two main bacteria involved in skin infections in children. Mild infections like limited impetigo and furonculosis should preferentially be treated by topical antibiotics (mupirocine or fucidic acid). Empiric antimicrobial therapy of dermohypodermitis consists in amoxicillin-clavulanate throug...

Background The radiological assessment of CRMO is currently the subject of countless works and the recent use of whole-body MRI leads to discuss the respective roles of the various imaging techniques. Objectives This study provides a descriptive evaluation of imaging OCMR, its diagnostic management and a comparison between different techniques. Met...

Background Based on European recommendations of ESPGHAN/ESPID from 2008, first line therapy for dehydration caused by acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is oral rehydration solution (ORS). In case of oral route failure, nasogastric tube enteral rehydration is as efficient as intra-venous rehydration and seems to lead to fewer adverse events. The primary o...

Background: About 10% of pediatric patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) die from the disease. Some primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are known to confer predisposition to IPD. However, a systematic search for these PIDs has never been carried out in children presenting with IPD. Methods: We prospectively identified pediatric cases o...

Scabies is a disease in steady increase in Île-de-France region. Standard treatment, Ascabiol(®) (benzyl benzoate/sulfiram), is back-order for several months and its return remains uncertain. Facing this drug shortage, French Drug Agency (ANSM) has imported a drug from Germany, Antiscabiosum 10 % (benzyl benzoate), to treat patients having contrain...

Recommendations for the use of diagnostic testing in low respiratory infection in children older than 3 months were produced by the Groupe de Recherche sur les Avancées en Pneumo-Pédiatrie (GRAPP) under the auspices of the French Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Society (SP(2)A). The Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) methodology, based on formali...

In France, international adoption includes around to 90,000 children since 1980 and near 300,000 immigrant children were counted in 2008. This population is heterogeneous, according to age and country of origin, and its large number. It is not easy to completely and surely assess the vaccine status of the child. Due to a great variability of indivi...

Background: Pneumococcal serotypes 1, 3, 5, 7F, and 19A were the most implicated in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) after implementation of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). In France, the switch from PCV7 to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) occurred in June 2010. An active surveillance network was set up to analyz...

Background Frequency of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), also known as nonbacterial osteomyelitis, seems to be underestimated and often leads to consequential residual impairments. Objectives The aim of this study was to collect the French cases of CRMO in order to precise clinical, biological, radiological and histological featur...

Recommendations for the use of diagnostic testing in low respiratory infection in children older than 3 months were produced by the Groupe de Recherche sur les Avancées en Pneumo-Pédiatrie (GRAPP) under the auspices of the French Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Society (SP2A). The Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) methodology, based on formalize...