Martine Hossaert-McKey

Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive | CEFE · Interaction, Ecologie et Sociétés

For thousands of years, humans have domesticated different plants by selecting for particular characters, often affecting less-known traits, including the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by these plants for defense or reproduction. The fig tree Ficus carica has a very wide range of varieties in the Mediterranean region and is selected for...

Among air pollutants, tropospheric ozone (O3) is one of the most stressful for organisms due to its strong oxidative potential. For instance, high ozone concentration ([O3]) has the potential to affect (i) the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by plants and (ii) the lifetime of these VOCs in the atmosphere, and consequently disturb cruc...

New Caledonian endemic Mn-hyperaccumulator Grevillea meisneri is useful species for the preparation of ecocatalysts, which contain Mn–Ca oxides that are very difficult to synthesize under laboratory conditions. Mechanisms leading to their formation in the ecocatalysts are unknown. Comparing tissue-level microdistribution of these two elements could...

Concentration of air pollutants, particularly ozone (O3), has dramatically increased since pre-industrial times in the troposphere. Due to the strong oxidative potential of O3, negative effects on both emission and lifetime in the atmosphere of plant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have already been highlighted. VOCs alteration by O3 may potentia...

• Grevillea meisneri, an endemic New Caledonian Mn-hyperaccumulator, is used in rehabilitation of degraded mining sites on the island. Large-scale programs require transplanting nursery-grown seedlings, but effects of the nursery environment on Mn tolerance of transplants and their capacity to hyper-accumulate Mn are unknown, slowing rehabilitation...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

In several highly specialized plant-insect interactions, scent-mediated specificity of pollinator attraction is directed by the emission and detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Although some plants engaged in such interactions emit singular compounds, others emit mixtures of VOCs commonly emitted by plants. We investigated the chemical...

Humans have favored the presence of Ficus species within anthropogenic landscapes and near human settlements throughout the planet due to a number of beliefs and for practical purposes. An intimate or mutualistic relationship between Ficus spp and human societies has been suggested but explanations about the motivations of these proximities between...

In the fig (Moraceae) and fig‐wasp (Agaonidae) mutualism, scent is believed to be of primary importance in pollinator attraction and maintenance of species specificity. Scent divergence between closely related Ficus species seems sufficient in promoting reproductive isolation through pollinator behaviour, starting the process of speciation. We inve...

In this study, we investigated the effects of exocrine glandular extracts (mandibular glands, post-pharygeal glands) and cuticular extracts of two species of formicine ant Polyrhachis furcata and Colobopsis saundersi on spore germination of two species of host-specific, entomopathogenic fungi Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycepspolyrhachis-f...

Chemical mediation is often involved in interactions between plants and animals, as in pollination and in seed dispersion mutualisms. Extensive investigation has been done in floral scents and on their interspecific and intraspecific variations, but similar research on fruit scent remains poorly explored and only focused on interspecific variations...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by flowers play an essential role in mediating the attraction of pollinators. However, they also attract other species exploiting resources associated with flowers. For instance, VOCs emitted by figs play a major role in encounters between Ficus spp., their mutualistic pollinating wasps, and all the members...

Background: Interspecific interactions have long been assumed to play an important role in diversification. Mutualistic interactions, such as nursery pollination mutualisms, have been proposed as good candidates for diversification through co-speciation because of their intricate nature. However, little is known about how speciation and diversifica...

Prod 2017-108 EA BIOmE CT ? INRA

The book features comparative perspectives on the field of chemical ecology, present and future, offered by scientists from a wide variety of disciplines. The scientists contributing to this book -biologists, ecologists, biochemists, chemists, biostatisticians - are interested in marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems and work on life forms...

Ficus and their mutualistic pollinating wasps provide a unique model to investigate joint diversification in a high dispersal system. We investigate genetic structuring in an extremely wide-ranging Ficus species, F. racemosa, and its pollinating wasp throughout their range, which extends from India to Australia. Our samples were structured into fou...

In nursery pollination mutualisms, which are usually obligate interactions, olfactory attraction of pollinators by floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is the main step in guaranteeing partner encounter. However, mechanisms ensuring the evolutionary stability of dioecious fig–pollinator mutualisms, in which female fig trees engage in pollinatio...

Les événements écologiques survenus ces dernières années, notamment en raison des changements globaux, et du réchauffement climatique en particulier, ont fait prendre conscience à l'opinion publique des menaces qui planent sur les zones tropicales. Et les sciences, dans une nouvelle approche transversale et interdisciplinaire, se penchent aujourd'h...

http://www.cnrs.fr/fr/pdf/inee/prospective-eco-tropicale/#/1/

The castniid palm borer, Paysandisia archon (Burmeister) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae), is a South American moth that in the last ten years has become a major pest of palm trees in the Mediterranean region. Current knowledge on the reproductive behavior of this diurnal moth suggests the importance of both visual and chemical cues, in particular the pro...

Paysandisia archon was accidentally introduced into Europe where it damages endemic and ornamental palms, also threatening the date palm from North Africa. Little was known about sex pheromones in the Castniidae day-flying moth before a recent paper that concluded on the absence of female sex pheromone in P. archon. A putative identification of a s...

This Special Issue of Ecology Letters presents contributions from an international meeting organised by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Ecology Letters on the broad theme of ecological effects of global environmental change. The objectives of these articles are to synthesise, hypothesise and illustrate the ecological effects...

Understanding the ecology of non-pollinating fig-wasp communities depends on a good knowledge of larval feeding habits of the species involved, which can be gall inducers, kleptoparasites, parasitoids or seed eaters. However, larval feeding habits are poorly known and most community ecology studies on NPFW are based on hypothetical feeding habits o...

Prix Réaumur !

Prix Réaumur !

It is thought that speciation in phytophagous insects is often due to colonization of novel host plants, because radiations of plant and insect lineages are typically asynchronous. Recent phylogenetic comparisons have supported this model of diversification for both insect herbivores and specialized pollinators. An exceptional case where contempora...

Unlabelled: MSeasy performs unsupervised data mining on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data. It detects putative compounds within complex metabolic mixtures through the clustering of mass spectra. Retention times or retention indices are used after clustering, together with other validation criteria, for quality control of putative compounds...

The dioecious Mediterranean fig, Ficus carica, displays a unique phenology in which males sometimes bloom synchronously with females (in summer), and sometimes not (in spring). Ficus carica is engaged in an obligatory mutualism with a specific pollinating wasp, which reproduces only within figs, localising them by their specific scents. We show tha...

SOMMAIRE AVANT-PROPOS 3 I. INTRODUCTION 5 II. LES COMMUNAUTÉS CONCERNÉES 6 III. CHIMIE DU VIVANT ÉCO-INSPIRÉE 7 IV. ÉCOLOGIE CHIMIQUE, UNE SCIENCE EXPÉRIMENTALE ET INTÉGRATIVE 12 V. L’ÉCOLOGIE CHIMIQUE ET LES OMIQUES 16 VI. APPROCHES MÉTABOLOMIQUES EN ÉCOLOGIE CHIMIQUE 24 VII. ÉCOGÉOCHIMIE 31 VIII. BASES DE DONNÉES 36 IX. PARTENARIATS AVEC LES AUTR...

Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1980) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) is an accidentally introduced pest that damages palm trees in the northern Mediterranean area. To our knowledge, there are no experimental studies on its mating behaviour, and little is known about its biology and ecology. In the present study, we used outdoor experiments to investigat...

Ficus spp. are keystone tree species in tropical forest ecosystems and therefore, it is vital to include them in tree planting for forest restoration programs. However, lack of knowledge about critical aspects of their reproductive ecology currently limits their use, particularly optimal seed collection times and potential interruption of their hig...

Ficus is one of many plant genera involved in interactions with ants. The wteraction is however little documented. We show here that ants, belong-lng mainly to the genus Crematogaster, nest in hollow internodes of young branches of Ficus subpisocarpa, a monoecious fig species studied in Taiwan. The ants feed on the mutualistic fig-pollinating wasps...

L'ouvrage "Ecologie chimique : le langage de la nature" rédigé par des chercheurs issus de laboratoires CNRS ou associés, paraît le 25 octobre 2012 en librairie. Publié par le cherche midi, en partenariat avec le CNRS, ce livre grand public dévoile les secrets d'une science encore récente : l'écologie chimique ou l'art de décrypter le langage chimi...

To facilitate identification of Ficus from Madagascar, using our field experience, we re-examined all the samples available a series of herbaria. We propose a small identification guide which complements the taxonomic treatment by C.C. Berg. Ficus species are remarkably homogeneous all over Madagascar: they do not present the generalized micro-ende...

Combining biogeographic, ecological, morphological, molecular and chemical data, we document departure from strict specialization in the fig-pollinating wasp mutualism. We show that the pollinating wasps Elisabethiella stuckenbergi and Elisabethiella socotrensis form a species complex of five lineages in East and Southern Africa. Up to two morpholo...

A model is proposed for the population dynamics of an annual plant with a seed bank (i.e. in which a proportion of seeds remain dormant for at least one year). In this model, demographic parameters (dormancy and germination rate) of the seeds of the year are different from those of the seeds of the seed bank. First, a simple linear matrix model is...

Although Ficus (Moraceae) is a keystone plant genus in the tropics, providing resources to many frugivorous vertebrates, its population genetic structure, which is an important determinant of its long-term survival, has rarely been investigated. We examined the population genetic structure of two dioecious fig species (Ficus hispida and Ficus exasp...

Floral scents are important signals for communication between plants and pollinators. Several studies have focused on interspecific variation of these signals, but little is known about intraspecific variation in flower scent, particularly for species with wide geographic distributions. In the highly specific mutualism between Ficus species and the...

Afin d’aider à l’identification des Ficus de Madagascar, nous avons examiné l’ensemble des échantillons disponibles dans différents herbiers à la lumière de nos observations in situ. Nous proposons un petit guide d’identification qui complète l’analyse taxonomique réalisée par C.C. Berg. Nous constatons une remarquable homogénéité des espèces à l’é...

Determining the biogeographical histories of rainforests is central to our understanding of the present distribution of tropical biodiversity. Ice age fragmentation of central African rainforests strongly influenced species distributions. Elevated areas characterized by higher species richness and endemism have been postulated to be Pleistocene for...

Unlabelled: Premise of the study: Most studies on orchid hybrids examine separately the effects of hybridization on interactions with pollinators or with mycorrhizal fungi. Here, we simultaneously investigated both interactions in the mediterranean food-deceptive Orchis simia, O. anthropophora, and their hybrid (O. ×bergonii) and tested a possib...

Genetic differentiation is a consequence of the combination of drift and restriction in gene flow between populations due to barriers to dispersal, or selection against individuals resulting from inter-population matings In phytophagous insects, local adaptation to different kinds of host plants can sometimes lead to reproductive isolation and thus...

1. Nepenthes rafflesiana is a carnivorous vine from Borneo characterized by an ontogenetic pitcher dimorphism with aerial (upper) and ground (lower) pitchers of different morphologies. Previous studies have shown that fragrant upper pitchers of climbing parts of the plant are more effective in trapping flying insects than non-fragrant lower pitcher...

Volatile compounds often mediate plant-pollinator interactions, and may promote specialization in plant-pollinator relationships, notably through private channels of unusual compounds. Nevertheless, the existence of private channels, i.e. the potential for exclusive communication via unique signals and receptors, is still debated in the literature....

High specificity in the Ficus-agaonid wasp mutualism has lead to the assumption of a mostly 'one-to-one' relationship, albeit with some exceptions. This view has been challenged by new molecular data in recent years, but surprisingly little is known about local and spatial genetic structuring of agaonid wasp populations. Using microsatellite marker...

Mutualisms are interspecies interactions in which each participant gains net benefits from interacting with its partner. In nursery pollination mutualisms, pollinators reproduce within the inflorescence they pollinate. In these systems, each partner depends directly on the other for its reproduction. Therefore, the signal responsible for partner en...

Fig wasps may constitute a relatively abundant food source for ants associated with the fig–fig wasp nursery pollination mutualism. We found previously that a Mediterranean ant species detects fig wasps by chemical signals. In this paper we want to test the generality of this finding by studying two tropical ants, Oecophylla smaragdina and Crematog...