Martin Wiemers

Senckenberg Research Institute · Senckenberg German Entomological Institute

This paper presents an updated checklist of the butterflies of Europe, together with their original name combinations, and their occurrence status in each European country. According to this checklist, 496 species of the superfamily Papilionoidea occur in Europe. Changes in comparison with the last version (2.6.2) of Fauna Europaea are discussed. C...

Human-induced environmental change and globalization facilitate biological invasions, which can lead to the displacement of native species by non-native ones. Analogously, biodiversity loss may occur within species when habitat modifications facilitate the expansion of a specific population’s range, leading to genetic admixture with native local po...

Aim: The relative importance of traits and phylogeny to predict species extinction risk is unclear and it depends on which traits are measured and their phylogenetic conservatism. Here, we evaluate the power of functional traits, ecological characteristics, such as range size and specialization, and phylogeny to predict climatic risks in European b...

Aim Anthropogenic‐driven biodiversity loss can impact ecosystem stability. However, most studies have only evaluated the diversity–stability relationship at the local scale and we do not fully understand which factors stabilize animal populations and communities across scales. Here, we investigate the role of species dispersal ability, climate, spa...

The dwarf-mantid genus Holaptilon Beier, 1964 is composed of small-sized ground-runner species distributed in the Middle East. Due to their elusive lifestyle, little is known about their behaviour, distribution, and phylogeny. The genus Holaptilon was once established for a single species, H. pusillulum Beier, 1964, based on material collected in J...

The population structure and behaviour of univoltine butterfly species have been studied intensively. However, much less is known about bivoltine species. In particular, in-depth studies of the differences in population structure, behaviour, and ecology between these two generations are largely lacking. Therefore, we here present a mark-release-rec...

Background Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius, 1775) is a large mantid species found from the Canary Islands across North Africa, the Middle East, and Pakistan. Research on this species has been limited, especially in Iran, despite the country’s potential significance for studying its biology and distribution. Adults of this species are easily recogni...

Jahresbericht 2022 des Citizen Science-Projektes "Tagfalter-Monitoring Deutschland"

Die "Landkarte" zum Achtzigsten Das Landkärtchen (Araschnia levana) besitzt eine Reihe von spannenden ökologischen und evolutionsbiologischen Eigenheiten. Deshalb haben sich schon zahlreiche Wissenschaftler in der Vergangenheit intensiv mit dieser Art beschäftigt. Einer von diesen ist Rolf Reinhardt, der in diesen Tagen sein 80. Lebensjahr vollende...

The biology and distribution patterns of the Sahelian mantid species Nilomantis floweri are still insufficiently known. For the first time, records are confirmed of this species from Iran and the distribution map of its native range is updated. Records are compiled from the Sahel zone of North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Iran. Detailed infor...

Investigating specific associations has many implications for species distribution dynamics. In addition, it will provide insight into the interactions of various arthropods that use oothecae of Mantodea as microhabitat. They use the ootheca to survive the harsh environmental events that occur during winter. Many mantid species, including H. tenuid...

Annual report of the german butterfly monitoring scheme

Effective policies to halt biodiversity loss require knowing which anthropogenic drivers are the most important direct causes. Whereas previous knowledge has been limited in scope and rigor, here we statistically synthesize empirical comparisons of recent driver impacts found through a wide-ranging review. We show that land/sea use change has been...

In order to select and design suitable measures for insect conservation at regional-state (Land) level in Germany, standardised and target-oriented criteria are needed. These have to include the effectiveness of the measures for different groups of insects, their practical feasibility and acceptance by farmers as well as possible synergies and conf...

The arrival of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 in Cyprus in 2021 signalled the species' first appearance in a country of the European Union attributable to range expansion from mainland coastal regions to the east, rather than by human-mediated activity. Molecular work on the Cyprus taxon has shown this to belong to nominotypical P. demoleus demole...

Annual report of the Citizen Science project Butterfly Monitoring Germany

Aim: Species ranges are highly dynamic, shifting in space and time as a result of complex ecological and evolutionary processes. Disentangling the relative contribution of both processes is challenging but of primary importance for forecasting species distributions under climate change. Here, we use the spectacular range expansion (ca. 1000 km pole...

We provide an updated catalogue of the type material of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH). We report 414 specimens labelled as “types” belonging to nine species (all of valid names), 74 subspecies (44 valid names and 30 synonyms), 59 invalid infrasubspecific names under the ICZN code, and...

Standart method for butterfly observation counts for the maBMS. This guide aims to facilitate the task of field identification of 18 butterfly species and 1 diurnal moth species in Madeira. This guide also serves as a support tool for those involved in the Monitoring of Butterflies through the methodologies standardized by eBMS for all of Europe.

Metodologia de registo de observações de borboletas para o maBMS (Madeira Butterfly Monitoring Scheme). Este guia pretende facilitar a tarefa de identificar no campo as 18 espécies de borboletas e uma traça diurna no arquipélago da Madeira bem como ser uma ferramenta de apoio na monitorização de borboletas através das metodologias padrão do eBMS pa...

By means of molecular analysis, we confirm nominotypical Papilio demoleus demoleus as the subspecies to have invaded and spread extensively throughout Syria's major citrus-growing regions in the Mediterranean, in little over a year. We discuss the species' range expansion in the Middle East, its discovery in Lebanon and its likely further spread al...

This book is the first volume in a series of four aimed at treating all the butterflies of the Levant, covering fully the countries of Lebanon, Israel, Jordan and Cyprus as well as southernmost Turkey, most of Syria, Egypt, and NWSaudi Arabia, home to a total of 254 species. Although less species-rich than neighbouring Turkey this region with its c...

The bacterium Wolbachia infects many insect species and spreads by diverse vertical and horizontal means. As co-inherited organisms, these bacteria often cause problems in mitochondrial phylogeny inference. The phylogenetic relationships of many closely related Palaearctic blue butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae) are ambiguous. We...

Trait-based analyses explaining the different responses of species and communities to environmental changes are increasing in frequency. European butterflies are an indicator group that responds rapidly to environmental changes with extensive citizen science contributions to documenting changes of abundance and distribution. Species traits have bee...

The coastal forests of Kenya are global biodiversity hotspots known for rich plant diversity and endemism. They exist as fragmented forest islands, and their current conservation status and quantitative trends in plant diversity are understudied. We investigated these knowledge gaps by providing a comprehensive literature review and comparing to fi...

Papilio demoleus L., also known as the citrus butterfly or chequered swallowtail, is a common species in the Asia-Pacific region, with two of its subspecies (P. d. demoleus and P. d. malayanus) posing significant threats to the citrus industry in Asia and other regions of the world. Its predominant natural host plants are the Rutaceae for the invas...

Aim Occurrence data are fundamental to macroecology, but accuracy is often compromised when multiple units are lumped together (e.g., in recently separated cryptic species or in citizen science records). Using amalgamated data leads to inaccuracy in species mapping, to biased beta‐diversity assessments and to potentially erroneously predicted respo...

With the aim of supporting ecological analyses in butterflies, the third most species-rich superfamily of Lepidoptera, this paper presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of all 496 extant butterfly species in Europe, including 18 very localised endemics for which no public DNA sequences had been available previously. It is based on a concatena...

Wer Schmetterlinge schützen will, muss wissen, wo sie vorkommen. Die Fundmeldungen aus bestehenden Monitoringprogrammen lagen bislang jedoch nur regional vor. Erstmals führt der Atlas die Verbreitungsdaten aller 184 heimischen Tagfalter- und der 24 Widderchenarten zu einem schlüssigen Bild ihrer Gesamtverbreitung zusammen und liefert so ein wirkung...

Aim Niche‐based models often ignore spatial variation in the climatic niche of a species across its occupied range and the related variation in the response to changing climate conditions. This assumption may lead to inaccurate predictions of species distribution shifts under climate change. Models have been developed to address this issue, but mos...

Butterfly Monitoring Germany, Annual Report 2018

With the aim of supporting ecological analyses in butterflies, the third most species-rich superfamily of Lepidoptera, this paper presents the first time-calibrated phylogeny of all 496 extant butterfly species in Europe, including 18 very localized endemics for which no public DNA sequences had been available previously. It is based on a concatena...

The multi-locus phylogenetic tree for all European butterfly species. Families and subfamilies are indicated, as well as supports for nodes (BS support, see legend).

How species respond to environmental change is a fundamental question in ecology and species traits can help to tackle this question. In this study, we analyze how the functional structure of species assemblages changes with selected environmental variables along an elevational gradient. In particular, we used species traits of local butterfly comm...

Understanding the dynamics of biodiversity, including the spatial distribution of genetic diversity, is critical for predicting responses to environmental changes, as well as for effective conservation measures. This task requires tracking changes in biodiversity at large spatial scales and correlating with species functional traits. We provide thr...

Leptotina butterflies (Lycaenidae, Polyommatiinae) are found mostly in tropical and subtropical areas around the globe, marginally penetrating into temperate regions. Here, we investigated phylogenetic and biogeographical relationships of most representatives of the subtribe, using both likelihood and Bayesian approaches. We also estimated the timi...

Red Lists are very valuable tools in nature conservation at global, continental and (sub-) national scales. In an attempt to prioritise conservation actions for European butterflies, we compiled a database with species lists and Red Lists of all European countries, including the Macaronesian archipelagos (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands). In tot...

Open access at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Schaedler/publication/330772906_Rice_Ecosystem_Services_in_South-East_Asia_The_LEGATO_Project_Its_Approaches_and_Main_Results_with_a_Focus_on_Biocontrol_Services/links/5c5befc445851582c3d45b99/Rice-Ecosystem-Services-in-South-East-Asia-The-LEGATO-Project-Its-Approaches-and-Main-Results-with...

Transect counts are one of the most popular approaches to assess and monitor butterfly diversity, especially with the background of biodiversity loss. This method was developed in Europe, but its transferability is seldom tested across the world. To assess transferability, we compared butterfly richness estimates based on transect counts in Spain,...

In a cross-disciplinary project (LEGATO) combining inter- and transdisciplinary methods, we quantify the dependency of rice-dominated socio-ecological systems on ecosystem functions (ESF) and the ecosystem services (ESS) the integrated system provides. In the collaboration of a large team including geo- and bioscientists, economists, political and...

This study relies on the Flying Beauties Citizen Science project conducted in the Philippines to assess personal motivations and learning outcomes of volunteers who were involved in documenting butterflies and dragonflies in rice ecosystems. While evaluation of motivations of volunteers in Citizen Science is not new, at least in affluent western co...

Editorial

Aim Species distribution models built with geographically restricted data often fail to capture the full range of conditions experienced by species across their entire distribution area. Using such models to predict distribution shifts under future environmental change may, therefore, produce biased projections. However, restricted‐scale models hav...

Phenotypic and molecular genetic analyses of the Canary Islands’ endemic Leptotes (Cyclyrius) webbianus (Brullé, 1839) reveal new subspecies in La Palma and in Gran Canaria, both differentiated from the nominotypical subspecies found in Tenerife and La Gomera. On El Hierro, the current population turned out to be a recent reintroduction from Teneri...

Dichotomous keys are the most popular type of identification keys. Studies have been conducted to evaluate dichotomous keys in many aspects. In this paper we propose an index for quantitative evaluation of dichotomous keys (Edicho). The index is based on the evenness and allows comparing identification keys of different sizes.

Climate change, land-use change, pollution and exploitation are among the main drivers of species’ population trends; however, their relative importance is much debated. We used a unique collection of over 1,000 local population time series in 22 communities across terrestrial, freshwater and marine realms within central Europe to compare the impac...

The article discusses the project of a Distribution Atlas of Butterflies in Germany and its history, see also www.tagfalter-atlas.de

Impacts of climate change on individual species are increasingly well documented, but we lack understanding of how these effects propagate through ecological communities. Here we combine species distribution models with ecological network analyses to test potential impacts of climate change on 4700 plant and animal species in pollination and seeddi...

Supplementary Figures and Supplementary Tables

Network metrics, climatic niche breadth and climatic suitability change. For 295 plant and 414 animal species, we provide information on plant and animal taxonomy (class, order, family), the effective number of interaction partners, complementary specialization d' (uniqueness of interaction partners relative to other species [range 0-1]), range siz...

Metadata of 13 mutualistic networks. Given are network type, geographic location, habitat type, sampling duration and the number of visitation events, plant and animal species in each network. We only included species in the networks for which occurrence data were available and provide the number of excluded plant and animal species for the study t...