Martin Margreiter

Technical University of Munich | TUM · Chair of Traffic Engineering and Control

This work describes an approach to determine the current travel times on freeways based on the detection and re-identification of Bluetooth devices onboard of vehicles using stationary roadside Bluetooth detection technology. It also aims at using this information for the traffic state determination of a whole freeway network with the goal of a fas...

One of the main causes of congestion on freeways are lane closures due to short-term construction works or accidents. To avoid congestion due to these events, this study aims at analyzing traffic flow at such bottlenecks. The focus was to determine the effect of different traffic guidance measures on the capacity and take a closer look at the drive...

Variable Speed Limit (VSL) and Variable Advisory Speed (VAS) systems are applications of a growing field of active traffic management systems (ATM). This technology aims to improve safety while reducing congestion and emissions. VSL is common on German freeways, harmonizing traffic flow during congestion and weather events. Portland, Oregon install...

This article describes an approach to use travel times derived from Bluetooth detector data for dynamic net control in a freeway system for dynamic re-routing. The developed algorithms detect speed drops among sequenced vehicles and were implemented and tested in Northern Bavaria (Germany). Ongoing research aims at developing a fast, reliable and c...

The rapid development of wireless communication and information technologies has increased research interests in inter-vehicle communication systems and their effect on traffic flow. One of the most complex traffic phenomena on freeways are shockwaves. Shockwaves are recognized as the sudden, substantial change in the state of the traffic flow, whi...

This paper introduces a novel approach to research and development in traffic engineering through the concept of experimental twins, designed to enhance the integration and safety of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) and vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as cyclists and pedestrians. Our methodology combines high-fidelity digital twin simulati...

This paper explores the potential of automated public transportation (PT) systems in urban areas, driven by advancements in vehicle technology such as automation and connectivity. This study addresses the critical role of human bus drivers in ensuring safety, accessibility, and service quality in current PT systems. It examines how their roles can...

This study proposes a bus prioritisation strategy at signalised intersections to enhance public transport reliability and attractiveness. Nowadays, bus prioritisation at intersections is conducted according to a first-come, first-served principle, lacking compatibility with future vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. A framework for prioritisin...

Currently available trajectory data sets undoubtedly provide valuable insights into traffic events, the behavior of road users and traffic flow theory, thus enabling a wide range of applications. However, there are still shortcomings that need to be addressed: (i) the continuous temporal recording (ii) of a coherent area covering several intersecti...

The growing urban population worldwide has put tremendous pressure on urban transport systems, leading to problems like traffic congestion, environmental pollution, and accidents. Several innovative mobility solutions have emerged to address these problems and handle the rising demand sustainably; autonomous vehicles (AVs) are one of the most signi...

Currently available trajectory data sets undoubtedly provide valuable insights into traffic events, the behaviour of road users and traffic flow theory, thus enabling a wide range of applications. However, there are still shortcomings that need to be addressed: (i) the continuous temporal recording (ii) of a coherent area covering several intersect...

Lane-free traffic (LFT) is a new traffic system that relies on connected and automated vehicles (CAV) to increase road capacity and utilization by removing traditional lane markings using coordinated maneuvering of CAVs in LFT strategies. LFT is based on two main principles: upstream nudging and vehicles moving without adhering to any lane markings...

Ride Parcel Pooling (RPP) is the integrated transportation of passengers and parcels. It builds on what's known as on-demand ride-pooling, which dynamically assigns customer trips to fleet vehicles in real time, sharing their rides, and thus aiming to save on driving distances and fleet size compared to on-demand ride-hailing services. In the case...

This paper presents the implementation and potential use-cases of a new innovative development of a fully connected and automated three-wheeled cycle rickshaw. The rickshaw is used for transporting passengers or logistics parcels or a combination of both. For this purpose, the rickshaw is equipped with an electric power train system including a lit...

To evaluate the impact of new intelligent mobility solutions like automated vehicles or C-ITS, the access to proper data observations in real-world environments is an absolute necessity. The challenges new automated mobility faces in urban areas are manifold and require spatially and temporally extensive data from real world traffic situations and...

Lane-free traffic (LFT) is a new traffic systemthat relies on connected and automated vehicles (CAV) toincrease road capacity and utilization by removing traditionallane markings using coordinated maneuvering of CAVs in LFTstrategies. LFT is based on two main principles: upstreamnudging and vehicles moving without adhering to any lanemarkings. By l...

Detailed and reliable data is crucial to ensure the efficient, reliable, and safe operation of future transportation networks. However, the more detailed the information about traffic participants is, the less data privacy regarding individual mobility patterns or identification of individuals is typically guaranteed. This work presents the use of...

This study focuses on the data gathered and processed by a large-scale aerial drone observation in the city of Munich, Germany, continuously for several hours a day and several days with all together twelve camera-equipped aerial drones. The aim was to generate a continuous data set including various interactions of different modes like manual and...

Hyperloop, as long-distance transportation, is competitive with high-speed rail (HSR) and aviation. With the concepts of magnetic levitation and low-pressure environments, the hyperloop can take passengers to their destinations faster in a more environmentally friendly way compared with existing ground transportation and aircraft. Currently, variou...

Background: Driving in urban traffic requires ad-vanced cognitive skills: perceiving all relevant traffic participants,anticipating their likely trajectories, deciding which action totake, and controlling the vehicle. The underlying perceptual andcognitive processes are subject to occasional failures, which candepend in a complex way on learned heu...

The aim of the project was to evaluate a technical diversion method for vehicles at control points within the scope of stationary controls of the Federal Office for Goods Transport (BAG) in order to replace manual rejection by control personnel in the future. The technology, consisting of an operating station, camera technology and a control unit,...

Detecting, tracking, and predicting pedestrians crossing intention as they approach an intersection could increase the safety and efficiency of signalized intersections. LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) traffic sensors, capable of detecting, classifying and tracking objects, could play an essential role in multimodal intelligent infrastructure....

Micromobility, and e-scooters in particular, are now present in large numbers in many cities, and projections predict strong demand growth in the post-pandemic period, but e-scooter riders have a high risk of accident/injury. We want to represent human behavior in simulations in a way that can be used to assess proposed infrastructure-based safety...

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), with the capability to exchange information with other CAVs and the infrastructure, open up new opportunities in road traffic systems including the recently introduced concept of lane-free traffic (LFT). In an LFT environment, vehicles move without the need for traditional fixed lanes. It is an emerging rese...

This paper presents the goals of the German TEMPUS research project in and around the city of Munich and describes the test field that is being created as part of it. The project will test and evaluate the impact of connected and automated driving in urban and rural environments. For this purpose, a cross-area test field, which includes inner-city...

Safely traveling through urban traffic, for exampleperforming a right turn at an intersection, is a complextask for human drivers. Multiple stimuli such as leadingvehicles, cyclists or spontaneously crossing pedestrians competefor attention. Limited field of view and sampling capabilitiesof humans make a parsimonious and sometime error-proneselecti...

With the rise of automated vehicle (AV) technologies in recent years, the topic of external human machine interfaces (eHMI) for intent communication between AV and other traffic participants, and in particular vulnerable road users (VRU), has gained huge interest in research and development [1]. Offering a possibility to overcome the social interac...

With the rise of automated vehicle (AV) technologies in recent years, the topic of external human machine interfaces (eHMI) for intent communication between AV and other traffic participants, and in particular vulnerable road users (VRU), has gained huge interest in research and development [1]. Offering a possibility to overcome the social interac...

Road network operators are increasingly making use of technology and developing digital infrastructure to manage road networks. Road users are making use of technology to efficiently and safely complete trips. Vehicle manufacturers and fleet managers are utilizing an increasing amount of technology to manage fleets, improve safety, and advance towa...

The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the changing strategic alignment of European urban traffic control (UTC) and to subsequently derive requirements for future UTC systems. Therefore, data from expert interviews with Central European representatives of UTC authorities were used. Several topics of interest are addressed, with a...

This paper presents the Munich test bed for connected and automated mobility, an initiative of the Technical University of Munich (TUM) together with the Federal State of Bavaria and the IABG mbh to improve and foster innovative urban mobility. The initiative is based on the construction and permanent operation of a test bed for connected and autom...

This paper presents an approach that increases the resilience of a freeway network while differentiating patterns of freeway congestion events and investigating hot spots of each pattern both spatially and temporally. Based on an automated pattern recognition, an emerging congestion event can be identified and classified into one of four predefi...

The objective of this research is to establish a comprehensive overview of current and future strategies in urban traffic control, using data collected from 14 Austrian, German and Swiss cities through expert interviews, that have been conducted with representatives of the cities’ traffic control authorities. Several subject areas of traffic contro...

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen umfassenden Überblick über aktuelle und zukünftige Strategien der Verkehrssteuerung in Städten zu geben. Dazu werden Daten aus 14 Städten in Österreich, Deutschland und der Schweiz herangezogen, die durch Experteninterviews mit Vertretern der Verkehrssteuerungsbehörden der Städte erhoben wurden. Es werden mehrere Th...

The MobilityCoin is a new, all-encompassing currency for the management of the multimodal urban transportation system. MobilityCoins includes and replaces various existing transport policy instruments while also incentivizing a shift to more sustainable modes as well as empowering the public to vote for infrastructure measures.

Travel time measurements are an important indicator for evaluating traffic flow conditions or the effectiveness of various traffic management and control measures and thus their accuracy is of great importance. This paper compares travel time measurements from four different data sources including Floating Vehicle Data (FVD), local detectors, CONSY...

The extraction of travel time data from Bluetooth is nowadays widely used in various countries. However, data from several studies shows a large variation in the equipment rate with Bluetooth devices in different areas of the world. In particular, most research points to significantly higher rates in European countries in comparison to the USA. Bas...

https://www.piarc.org/ressources/documents/Covid-19-PIARC-Webinars-World-Road-Association/9a9854a-33512-COVID-19-PIARC-Webinar-17-June-2020-World-Road-Association.pdf

Technologies and systems assisting drivers to locate free on street parking space and/or inform on parking availability may significantly reduce the traffic induced from cruising for parking space in cities. This paper attempts to reveal the factors that may affect the acceptability of parking assistance systems in different European cities, based...

Bluetooth detection is a valuable source to gather data about travel times and traffic state in road networks aiming for the goals of better traffic information and traffic management. Just like for all other available traffic data sources, road operators and authorities rely on a reliable quality of the data collection to fulfil their goal of high...

Technologies and systems assisting drivers to locate free on street parking space and/or inform on parking availability may significantly reduce the traffic induced from cruising for parking space in cities. This paper attempts to reveal the factors that may affect the acceptability of parking assistance systems in different European cities, based...

As traffic demand is worldwide steadily growing, the need to operate and manage transportation networks in a more efficient and resilient way is becoming more and more important. For this purpose, the usage of low-cost ITS sensors is a promising way to gather the necessary data that is required for a suitable traffic control. Having said this, the...

Many cities around the world have to deal with severe parking problems as the continuously increasing demand cannot be served by the existing supply. Research has showed that a high percentage of the overall traffic in cities derives from the parking place search causing additional traffic problems and time loss. The present work describes a field...

This paper describes a systematic calibration process of a motorway network in Vissim, based on travel time measurements that were derived from limited number of Bluetooth detectors. The case study that is developed, establishes an example for practitioners that are interested in designing motorway networks with microscopic simulation tools. The th...

This paper analyzes the use of Bluetooth-based travel times, for Automatic Incident Detection (AID) purposes. Automatic incident messages were derived for both actual and simulated data through the use of an AID algorithm. This algorithm was developed by Technical University of Munich (TUM) and takes into account the travel times between two detect...

The interest in automated vehicles (AVs) and their potential impact on the safety and efficiency of traffic is increasing more and more every day. AVs are promised to be able to avoid some of the driver’s failure s like driver inattention and to harmonize the traffic flow. However, investigating implications of higher levels of automation has been...

One of the major traffic challenges many cities face worldwide is the search for empty parking space. The existing parking supply is not used effectively and as a result, the continuously growing demand cannot be served. The drivers experience a time and fuel consuming search for a free parking space, while time loss has been found to be the most i...

The interest in automated vehicles (AVs) and their potential impact on the safety and efficiency of traffic is increasing more and more every day. Accident analyses have shown, that most of the current accidents are related to human misbehavior. AVs are promised to be able to avoid some of the driver’s failures like driver inattention and to harmon...

Bluetooth technology applications have simplified travel time data collection efforts and allowed for collection of large data sets at a low cost per data unit. Mean travel times between pairs of points are available, but the primary value of this technique is the availability of the entire distribution of travel times throughout multiple days and...

This article analyzes the use of Bluetooth-based travel times, for Automatic Incident Detection (AID) purposes. Automatic incident messages were derived for simulated data through the use of an AID algorithm, which was developed by Technical University of Munich (TUM). A Vissim model of a 15 kilometre section of A9 motorway in Germany was set up, w...

This work describes a new approach to determine the current travel times on freeways based on detection and re-identification of Bluetooth devices onboard of vehicles using stationary roadside detection technology. The approach also aims at using this information for traffic state determination of a whole freeway network targeting at a fast and rel...

This paper describes a systematic calibration process of a Vissim model, based on data derived from BT detectors. It also provides instructions how to calibrate and validate a highway network model based upon a case study and establishes an example for practitioners that are interested in designing highway networks with micro simulation tools. With...

By analyzing a large data-base of car-driving data in a generic way, a few elementary facts on car-following have been found out. The inferences stem from the application of the mutual information to detect correlations to the data. Arguably, the most interesting fact is that the acceleration of the following vehicle depends mostly on the speed-dif...

Highly automated vehicles (HAV) use sensing technologies to take over the task of driving, while connected vehicles obtain and share information that can allow the driver/vehicle to make better driving decisions. Connected HAVs promise to offer significant improvements in traffic performance, emergence and propagation of congestion due to their cap...

Shockwaves are a boundary that shows discontinuity in a flow-density domain. The physical realization of a shockwave is a point in time and space at which vehicles change their speed abruptly. The formation and dissolving of congestion are phenomena that are important for the traveler information and congestion management perspectives. Shockwave an...

Shockwaves are a boundary that shows discontinuity in flow-density domain. The physical realization of a shockwave is point in time and space at which vehicles change their speed abruptly. The formation and dissolving of congestion are the phenomena that are important for the traveler information and congestion management perspectives. Shockwave an...

This paper shows the potential of using in-vehicle sensors to determine free parking places in cities. It will also be shown how the crowdsourcing of this data can be used to enrich the existing information about available parking places. Furthermore this concept is compared to the state of the art and its future potential is analysed. Additionally...

To improve livability in cities and to meet stringent regulations set by the European Union, municipalities are striving to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) and particular matter (PM) emissions (39. Bundesimmissionsschutzverordnung (BImSchV)). Adaptive Network Signal Control (ANSC) strategies have been developed with the main goal of impro...

In this paper the approach, the challenges and the results of determining the effects of cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems on traffic efficiency and traffic safety using the example of the simTD project are presented. It is shown that the integrated approach using a driving simulator and traffic simulation offers a valuable complement...

This work describes an integrated approach to determining the effects of cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) on traffic efficiency and road safety by combining different test environments: a Field Operational Test (FOT) in real traffic, its interactions with a traffic simulation environment and the usage of data from other sources...

Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird auf die verkehrstechnische Anwendung von Blue-tooth-Technologie auf Autobahnen eingegangen. Mittels neben der Fahrbahn in-stallierter Antennen können Bluetooth-Geräte in vorbeifahrenden Fahrzeugen er-fasst und anhand ihrer weltweit eindeutigen Kennung wieder erkannt werden. Auf Grundlage dieser Detektionen, angewandt an...