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Introduction
Current institution
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August 1998 - July 1999
May 1999 - July 2004
Education
May 1999 - July 2004
July 1997 - July 1998
October 1993 - April 1999
Publications
Publications (169)
Optical tactile sensing is gaining traction as a foundational technology in collaborative and human-interactive robotics, where reliable touch and pressure feedback are critical. Traditional systems based on total internal reflection (TIR) and frustrated TIR (FTIR) often require complex infrared setups and lack adaptability to curved or flexible su...
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensors, employing direct Time-of-Flight (dTOF) measurements, are crucial for precise surface localization and are increasingly integrated into compact chip designs. These sensors have extensive use in proximity sensing in various applications. This paper presents the innovative use of LIDAR sensors for ranging w...
Single photon imaging has become an established sensing approach. Compared to intensity imaging, versatile advantages have been demonstrated, such as imaging with high sensitivity, at a high frame rate, and with a high dynamic range. In this paper, we investigate the Fourier analysis of single photon counting at a frame rate of approximately 100 kH...
Les nouvelles caméras SPAD (Single Photon Avalanche Diodes) présentent aujourd’hui des performances époustouflantes. Comme leur nom l’indique, elles sont sensibles à un seul photon de lumière, leur résolution temporelle ne cesse d’augmenter pour arriver actuellement à la picoseconde, et certaines matrices atteignent déjà le Mpixels. De telles carac...
Single photon imaging has become an established sensing approach. Compared to intensity imaging, versatile advantages has been demonstrated such as imaging with high sensitivity, at high frame rate and with high dynamic range. In this paper, we investigate the Fourier analysis of single photon counting at a frame rate of approximately 100 kHz and h...
Single photon imaging has become an established sensing approach. Compared to intensity imaging, versatile advantages has been demonstrated such as imaging with high sensitivity, at high frame rate and with high dynamic range. In this paper, we investigate the Fourier analysis of single photon counting at a frame rate of approximately 100 kHz and h...
Single-photon technologies are vital to a broad range of research areas such as nuclear physics, astrophysics, biology and computer vision. Fields such as LiDAR, single-photon imaging, biomedical imaging, quantum communication, optical quantum computing, quantum metrology, remote sensing and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging also benefit from develo...
Stand-off detection and characterization of scattering media such as fog and aerosols is an important task in environmental monitoring and related applications. We present, for the first time, a stand-off characterization of sprayed water fog in the time domain. Using a time correlated single photon counting, we measure transient signatures of phot...
Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are a rapidly developing image sensing technology with extreme low-light sensitivity and picosecond timing resolution. These unique capabilities have enabled SPADs to be used in applications like LiDAR, non-line-of-sight imaging and fluorescence microscopy that require imaging in photon-starved scenarios. In t...
The recent years have given rise to a large number of techniques for “looking around corners”, i.e., for reconstructing or tracking occluded objects from indirect light reflections off a wall. While the direct view of cameras is routinely calibrated in computer vision applications, the calibration of non-line-of-sight setups has so far relied on ma...
The recent years have given rise to a large number of techniques for "looking around corners", i.e., for reconstructing occluded objects from time-resolved measurements of indirect light reflections off a wall. While the direct view of cameras is routinely calibrated in computer vision applications, the calibration of non-line-of-sight setups has s...
Optical sensing with single photon counting avalanche diode detectors has become a versatile approach for ranging and low light level imaging. In this paper, we compare time correlated and uncorrelated imaging of single photon events using an InGaAs single-photon-counting-avalanche-photo-diode (SPAD) sensor with a 32 × 32 focal plane array detector...
Non-line-of-sight sensing is a computational imaging approach to extent the
optical perception range of time-of-flight sensors as well as ordinary intensity cameras to
areas outside the direct field-of-view.
Underwater laser-based imaging systems and data-processing techniques matured during the past decade. Active imaging systems can, nowadays, be integrated into platforms like remote-operated vehicles (ROV) or autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV). This article gives an overview of different civil and naval applications in underwater imaging with resp...
In 2019, the French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL) is celebrating its 60th anniversary. Since the beginning, advanced imaging technologies were one of the institute’s flagship areas of research and, from the Cranz-Schardin camera to computational optics, ISL never stopped innovating. Each technological innovation is a testimony to i...
We present the high-resolution depth profiling of targets in various highly obscuring media using the time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) technique. Two short-wave infrared free-space depth-imaging systems - a monostatic single-pixel scanning system and a bistatic system incorporating a 32 × 32 pixel array - were used to obtain three-dim...
In the last decade, small unmanned aerial vehicles (sUAV) have become an increasing risk thread to security and safety in civilian and military scenarios. Further, countermeasures are hard to deploy due to the sUAV ability to operate with highly agile flight maneuver and the physical constrains due to very small cross-sections as well for RADAR as...
In a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario, the target is hidden by an occluder from the imaging system. Recent publications have shown that it is possible to retrieve the image of the target in such scenario, using an hardware system comprising an ultra-fast laser and a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) and backprojection-based recovery algorithms....
障害物のために直接見通せない所（死角）を、直接見えている影の部分にある情報を分析することにより、普通のカメラで「見る」ことができることが実証された。この成果は、ロボット、自動車、医療用のセンサー技術に応用される可能性がある。
http://www.nature.com/ndigest/journal/v16/n4/pdf/ndigest.2019.190435.pdf
We investigate the depth imaging of objects through various densities of different obscurants (water fog, glycol-based vapor, and incendiary smoke) using a time-correlated single-photon detection system which had an operating wavelength of 1550 nm and an average optical output power of approximately 1.5 mW. It consisted of a monostatic scanning tra...
Open Access: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00174-1
Active optical sensing is used for time of flight measurements and imaging in degraded vision condition. However, classical optical imaging relays on lines-of-sight sampling and ranging is bandwidth limited. Recently, computational sensing approaches have brought new sensing capabilities and enhanced the spatial and temporal resolution. Now, active...
Until now, coding of range gates suffers from a nonlinear error in erroneous coding sequences. It is shown that the use of codes based on Hamiltonian paths eliminates ambiguities within the sequences. In particular, the application of gray codes as multigate sequences was successfully investigated for error-free coding of range gates. Two different...
In recent years, a new branch in computer vision has started to tackle the challenge of localizing objects behind occluders. Until now, this task required specialized cameras and laser illumination with a high price tag. A new approach now brings this to consumer hardware.
Laser imaging systems are prominent candidates for detection and tracking of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in current and future security scenarios. Laser reflection characteristics for laser imaging (e.g., laser gated viewing) of small UAVs are investigated to determine their laser radar cross section (LRCS) by analyzing the intensity dist...
Small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular and affordable the last years for professional and private consumer market, with varied capacities and performances. Recent events showed that illicit or hostile uses constitute an emergent, quickly evolutionary threat. Recent developments in UAV technologies tend to bring auto...
The sensing of objects hidden behind an occluder is a fascinating emerging area of research and expected to have an impact in numerous application fields such as automobile safety, remote observation or endoscopy. In the past, this problem has consistently been solved with the use of expensive time-of-flight technology and often required a long rec...
Laser radars are widely used for laser detection and ranging in a wide field of application scenarios. In the recent
past, new sensing capabilities by transient light imaging have been demonstrated enabling imaging of light pulses
during flight and the estimation of position and shape of targets outside the direct field of view. High sensitive
imag...
An increasing number of incidents are reported where small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are involved flying at
low altitude. Thus UAVs are becoming more and more a serious threat in civilian and military scenarios leading
to serious danger to safety or privacy issues. In this context, the detection and tracking of small UAV flying
at low altitude...
Ein noch sehr junges Teilgebiet der Computer-Vision beschäftigt sich mit der Lokalisierung und Verfolgung von Objekten, die sich nicht im direkten Sichtfeld einer Kamera befinden. Bisher waren dazu teure Spezialkameras und Laserbeleuchter mit einer hohen zeitlichen Auflösung erforderlich. Ein neuer Ansatz löst dieses Problem nun mit handelsüblicher...
Small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) flying at low altitude are becoming more and more a serious threat in civilian and military scenarios. In recent past, numerous incidents have been reported where small UAV were flying in security areas leading to serious danger to public safety or privacy. The detection and tracking of small UAV is a widely dis...
A systematic evaluation of different sensor technologies needs a fundamental knowledge about the nature of the target. In this paper, we focus on detection, tracking and identification by laser sensing technologies that are Laser Gated Viewing and scanning LiDAR. The application of laser detection and ranging systems is discussed in theory and firs...
The detection and tracking of small UAV flying at low altitude and the detection of multiple UAV at the same time is a challenge for state of the art detection technologies. In this context, results are discussed which were obtained in field trials using a heterogeneous sensor network consisting of acoustic antennas, small FMCW RADAR systems and op...
New sensing capabilities have been demonstrated enabling imaging of light in flight and estimating position and shape of targets outside the direct field of view. High sensitive imaging sensors are available give the chance to detect laser pulse in flight which are sparsely scattered in air. Investigation of arbitrary light in flight paths shows th...
The application of nonline-of-sight (NLoS) vision and seeing around a corner has been demonstrated in the recent past on a laboratory level with round trip path lengths on the scale of 1 m as well as 10 m. This method uses a computational imaging approach to analyze the scattered information of objects which are hidden from the sensor’s direct fiel...
The application of nonline-of-sight (NLoS) vision and seeing around a corner has been demonstrated in the recent past on a laboratory level with round trip path lengths on the scale of 1 m as well as 10 m. This method uses a computational imaging approach to analyze the scattered information of objects which are hidden from the sensor's direct fiel...
Compressed sensing for super-resolution spatial and temporal laser detection and ranging
Paper 9988-24
In the past decades, laser aided electro-optical sensing has reached high maturity and several commercial systems are available at the market for various but specific applications. These systems can be used for detection i.e. imaging as well as r...
Sensing and reconstruction of arbitrary light-in-flight paths by a relativistic imaging approach
Paper 9988-3
Transient light imaging is an emerging technology and interesting sensing approach for fundamental multidisciplinary research ranging from computer science to remote sensing. Thus, applications of this method will be found in medical imag...
Optical and acoustical UAV detection (Invited Paper)
Paper 9988-11
Recent events have highlighted that the proliferation of UAVs is bringing with it a new and rapidly increasing threat to national defence and security agencies. Whilst many of the reported UAV incidents seem to indicate that there was no malicious intent behind the overflights, it...
Detection of acoustic, electro-optical and RADAR signatures of small unmanned aerial vehicles (Invited Paper)
Paper 9997-1
We investigated signatures of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with different sensor technologies ranging from acoustical antennas, passive and active optical imaging devices to small RADAR. These sensor technologies have...
Real-time tracking around a corner (Invited Paper) Paper 9988-1
Jonathan Klein; Christoph Peters; Jaime Martin; Matthias B. Hullin; Martin Laurenzis
Non-line-of-sight vision is a fascinating emerging area of research and expected to have an impact in numerous application fields including civilian and military sensing. Performance of human perceptio...
The observation of objects located in inaccessible regions is a recurring challenge in a wide variety of important applications. Recent work has shown that using rare and expensive optical setups, indirect diffuse light reflections can be used to reconstruct objects and two-dimensional (2D) patterns around a corner. Here we show that occluded objec...
The observation of objects located in inaccessible regions is a recurring challenge in a wide variety of important applications. Recent work has shown that indirect diffuse light reflections can be used to reconstruct objects and two-dimensional (2D) patterns around a corner. However, these prior methods always require some specialized setup involv...
Direct observation of light in flight is enabled by recent avalanche photodiode arrays, which have the capability for time-correlated single photon counting. In contrast to classical imaging, imaging of light in flight depends on the relative sensor position, which is studied in detail by measurement and analysis of light pulses propagating at diff...
Range-gated active imaging is a well-known technique used for night vision or for vision enhancement in scattering environments. A lot of papers have been published, in which the performance enhancement of range gating has been demonstrated. However, there are no studies which systematically investigate and quantify the real gain brought by range g...
Time-of-flight sensing with single-photon sensitivity enables new approaches for the localization of objects outside a sensor’s field of view by analyzing backscattered photons. In this Letter, the authors have studied the application of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays and eye-safe infrared lasers, and provide experimental data of the direc...
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are widely used for the localization and the navigation of unmanned
and remotely operated vehicles (ROV). In contrast to ground or aerial vehicles, GNSS cannot be employed for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) without the use of a communication link to the water surface, since satellite signals cannot b...
Detektion von Scharfschützen mittels eines heterogenen Sensornetzwerks und optische Lokalisierung außerhalb der Sichtlinie.
Snipers have emerged as a major threat to troops in recent conflicts. To reduce this menace, the objective of the French-German Research institute of Saint Louis (ISL) research project “IMOTEP” (improvement of optical and acoustical technologies for protection) is to improve the detection of snipers on the battlefield. Our basic approach is to comb...
We give an overview of possible application of Laser Gated Viewing in different unmanned vehicles for airborne, land/ground and submarine application. Laser Gated Viewing is studied since the 1960s as an active night-vision method. Due to enormous improvements in the development of compact and highly efficient laser sources and in the development o...
A good measure for the probability to detect a sniper telescopic sight is the e�ective bi-directional laser retro-
reflection cross section. This angular (bi-directional) property of an optical device can be measured and can
be used for a �st estimation of its probability to be detected by a active imaging. In the present paper, the
authors give ex...
This paper briefly describes the set-up of the sensors and the instrumentation deployed by the French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL) during the last NATO/ACG3/SG2 HFI Threat Data Collection (trial conducted during the summer 2014 in the Czech Republic). Measurements of acoustic signals generated by small-caliber weapons, ammunition,...
