Martial Van der Linden

University of Geneva | UNIGE · Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences

Aims Avolition defined as a lack of interest or engagement in goal-directed behavior plays a key role in everyday functioning in schizophrenia and is considered as one of the main contributors to the burden of disease. The aim of this study was to 1) validate the self-report BIRT Motivation Questionnaire (BMQ-S) seldom used before in schizophrenia...

Aims Negative and Positive urgency are emotion-related impulsivity traits that are thought to be transdiagnostic factors in psychopathology. However, it has recently been claimed that these two traits are closely related to each other and that considering them separately might have limited conceptual and methodological value. The present study aime...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a disabling disorder with functional impact on everyday life. Recent studies suggest that autobiographical memory impairment may contribute to the maintenance of psychopathology, leading to enduring altered self-construct. Moreover, past personal experiences also support the ability to project oneself into the future to pre...

Although personal goals give meaning to life and contribute to well-being, achieving goals can become difficult in older adults faced with age-related challenges. A group of 49 older adults aged 65 to 92 years completed a semistructured interview on personal goals, obstacles to goal achievement, and contributors to well-being. Using thematic analys...

Background: Self-Defining Memories (SDMs) are a specific type of autobiographical memory, and that plays a key role in the construction of personal identity. Objective: We investigated the characteristics of SDMs in elderly subjects. The originality of the present study is to compare our elderly group to middle-aged subjects instead of young adu...

Mobile phone use and misuse have become a pressing challenge in today's society. Dangerous mobile phone use, such as the use of a mobile phone while driving, is widely practiced, though banned in several jurisdictions. Research aiming at unfolding the psychological predictors of dangerous mobile phone use have so far been scarce. Especially, resear...

Introduction: Although it is well known that preference for selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) strategies is associated with indicators of successful aging and well-being, very little is known about what predicts the use of SOC as goal management strategies in the daily lives of older adults. The present study investigates predictors...

Autobiographical memory plays a major role in the (re)construction of sense of identity, a recurrent issue after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although the recall of specific autobiographical events is frequently impaired in patients with TBI, little is known about how these changes affect their sense of self and identity. Thus, we examined self‐...

Abstract: The concept of "Self-Defining Future Projections" (SDFPs) has been recently introduced to better explore the link between future thinking and identity. To date, SDFPs have only been examined in young adults and it remains unknown how self-defining future thoughts evolve in aging. In this cross-sectional study, 43 young adults (age range =...

Background/Aim Negative postoperative changes in children are frequent and have been described for decades. However, there is currently no theoretical framework, nor any consensual operational criteria for identifying them. This study aims at characterizing the many dimensions involved in postoperative behavioral disturbances in early childhood, us...

This PDF contains the complete CISBA in its original French version. There is currently no English version. Any interested person can propose to make a translation. If you plan to use this inventory, feel free to adapt, update or complete it.There is no cut-off score or official composite score, this inventory aims to have a fairly broad overview o...

Anger outbursts constitute a frequent behavioural issue after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have a strong negative impact on the social outcomes resulting from the TBI. However, few studies have examined the efficacy of specific intervention strategies to reduce the frequency and intensity of anger outbursts. We therefore performed a single-ca...

Objectives: Apathy is one of the most common behavioral symptoms encountered after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, very little is known about the longitudinal course and predictors of apathetic manifestations. The aims of the present study were to examine how apathy changes and the predictive value of cognitive factors (memory, attention/exe...

According to the dominant biomedical view, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a precise, necessary and unifying neurobiological cause, which distinguishes it from other neurodegenerative diseases and normal ageing. However, different types of evidence specifically lead to questioning the foundations of this essentialist and category-based approach to AD....

Goal-directed behaviour (GDB), the capacity that allows us to control our environment according to our desires and needs, requires different stages from initial intention to goal achievement. Although GDB is frequently disrupted after acquired brain injury, few studies have addressed the remediation of reduced GDB in patients with severe brain inju...

Previous research suggests that certain dimensions of perfectionism are associated with insomnia. However, the exact processes whereby perfectionism may influence sleep have as yet remained unexplored. The present study tested the hypothesis that perfectionistic individuals are particularly prone to engage in counterfactual thinking and to experien...

Introduction: Apathy is a core feature in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The psychological processes underlying apathy are still unclear, and the few studies conducted on this subject have essentially focused on cognitive processes and informant reports of apathetic manifestations. The aims of the present study were to examine self-rep...

Remembering an event typically takes less time than experiencing it, suggesting that episodic memory represents past experience in a temporally compressed way. Little is known, however, about how the continuous flow of real-life events is summarised in memory. Here we investigated the nature and determinants of temporal compression by directly comp...

Clinical practice in neuropsychology has considerably changed throughout the last 40 years. In this article, we describe this evolution and show how neuropsychological rehabilitation gradually came to take on a more ecological and global dimension, thus changing its main objectives to optimizing patients’ level of functioning in everyday life, as w...

Au début de l’année 2018, deux études ont une fois encore rapporté les résultats négatifs d’importants essais de traitement pharmacologique de la « maladie d’Alzheimer ». Au même moment, le groupe pharmaceutique américain Pfizer annonçait qu’il renonçait à chercher de nouveaux médicaments contre les « maladies d’Alzheimer et de Parkinson ». Durant...

Successful prospective memory (PM) performance relies on executive functions, including inhibition. However, PM and inhibition are usually assessed in separate tasks, and analytically the focus is either on group differences or at most on interindividual differences. Conjoint measures of PM and inhibition performance that take into account intraind...

Procrastination has been described as the quintessence of self-regulatory failure. This study examines the relationships between this self-regulatory failure and other manifestations of self-regulation problems, namely impulsivity and intrusive thoughts. One hundred and forty-one participants completed questionnaires assessing procrastination, impu...

Introduction: Antisocial individuals present behaviours that violate the social norms and the rights of others. In the present study, we examine whether biases in monitoring the self-generated cognitive material might be linked to antisocial manifestations during adolescence. We further examine the association with psychopathic traits and conduct p...

Risky and excessive behaviors, such as aggressive and compulsive behaviors, are frequently described in patients with brain damage and have dramatic psychosocial consequences. Although there is strong evidence that impulsivity constitutes a key factor at play in these behaviors, the literature about impulsivity in neuropsychology is to date scarce....

Future thinking in older adults is characterised by a lack of specificity of imagined events and by an equal or even higher subjective experience, compared to younger adults. We considered whether this lack of specificity stemmed partly from the avoidance of a somewhat disturbing future and then examined the extent to which certain types of emotion...

Consistent with the action identification theory proposal that some people identify their actions at a low-level (action processing regarding motor parameters) while others generally identify actions at a high-level (regarding goal features), and that a low-level of action identification leads to behavioral dysregulation (repetition, doubts about c...

Body size estimation and dissatisfaction can be assessed with figure rating scales (FRS). These scales represent a continuum of silhouettes where participants have to select the figure that best fits their perceived and/ or ideal body. Nevertheless, current FRS have limitations (e.g., small number of figures). We therefore developed a novel FRS—the...

Memories of Near-Death Experiences (NDEs) seem to be very detailed and stable over time. At present, there is still no satisfactory explanation for the NDEs’ rich phenomenology. Here we compared phenomenological characteristics of NDE memories with the reported experience’s intensity. We included 152 individuals with a self-reported “classical” NDE...

Diverses expériences sociales ont récemment été menées dans le but de favoriser l’insertion sociale, la qualité de vie et le bien-être des personnes ayant reçu un diagnostic de démence. Ainsi, dans plusieurs pays, de nombreuses initiatives ont vu le jour, visant à développer des lieux de vie « amis des personnes présentant une démence » (dementia-f...

The dominant biomedical position considers Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to be intrinsically different from normal ageing and other neurodegenerative diseases and proposes that, by pursuing extensive research on what are considered the specific neuropathological characteristics of AD (i.e., neurotic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles), we will eventual...

The relationships between the valence (positive or negative) of future imagined events and personality dimensions were examined in patients with schizophrenia. Correlational analyses showed that Extraversion was positively associated with the simulation of more positive future events whereas a statistical trend between Neuroticism and negative emot...

The heterogeneity of depression (i.e., symptomatology profiles, treatment responsiveness) is more and more evidenced. From a clinical perspective, having a clearer overview of the symptoms’ heterogeneity of depression will help (1) to deeper understand its underlined psychological processes and (2) to tailor clinical treatments (i.e., psychological...

Aims22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a neurogenetic condition associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown that negative symptoms represent the most specific clinical characteristic of psychosis in 22q11.2DS and are strongly associated with outcome. However, the psychological mechanisms associat...

The body-shape-related stimuli used in most body-image studies have several limitations (e.g., a lack of pilot validation procedures and the use of non-body-shape-related control/neutral stimuli). We therefore developed a database of 61 computer-generated body-only pictures of women, wherein bodies were methodically manipulated in terms of fatness...

The present article reviews the phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive checking, examining how action processing can be differentially affected across distinct checking subtypes. Checking is a normal phenomenon which ensures that an intended goal has been actually completed. Checking symptoms have consistently been connected to impairments in proces...

Emotional and behavioral problems following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequent and often associated with family, social and professional difficulties. They constitute an important factor in the assessment and treatment of persons with TBI. However, assessment tools for socio-emotional behavior problems after TBI present numerous shortcomings...

A frequent and equal tendency to think positively about one’s past and future has been conceptualised as a balanced time perspective (TP). Such a dispositional temporal orientation has been associated with higher life satisfaction and happiness. The aim of the present study was to develop and to validate a French version of the Balanced Time Perspe...

La Perspective Temporelle Equilibrée fait référence à une disposition individuelle caractérisée par le fait de se projeter mentalement dans le futur et dans le passé de manière positive et fréquente. Nous avons développé la version française d’une échelle initialement conçue en anglais, évaluant cette orientation temporelle : la “Balanced Time Pers...

INTRODUCTION : L’hétérogénéité de la dépression est de plus en plus mise en évidence en termes de profils de symptômes, de réponse au traitement, etc. Les théories comportementales de la dépression soulignent l’importance de l’inactivité ainsi que des faibles niveaux de plaisir et de fréquence d’activités plaisantes dans le maintien de la dépressio...

Un nombre croissant d’études confirme que les stéréotypes négatifs liés à l’âge peuvent affecter le fonctionnement cognitif des personnes âgées ; ils peuvent même conduire à des performances traduisant un vieillissement cognitif problématique et aussi prédire la survenue d’atteintes cérébrales et de caractéristiques (neuro)pathologiques qui y sont...

Résumé La tâche de Brown-Peterson traditionnelle vise à évaluer la capacité de la mémoire de travail. À ce jour, toutefois, on s’est peu attardé à la validité du construit de la tâche. Dans ce contexte, le but de la présente étude était d’évaluer la validité convergente et divergente ainsi que la sensibilité clinique et développementale d’une versi...

Une vingtaine de spécialistes se sont réunis pour écrire le deuxième tome de la nouvelle édition du Traité de neuropsychologie clinique de l'adulte qui porte sur la revalidation des troubles cognitifs et comportementaux consécutifs à une atteinte cérébrale. Un complément évident du tome 1 sur l'évaluation. Ecrit avec un égal souci de clarté dans l'...

Patients with alcohol dependence have been shown to be impaired in recalling specific autobiographical events, yet little is known on how changes in the memory of these events may impact their self-representation. In this study, we examined Self-Defining Memories (SDMs), a specific type of autobiographical memory that plays a key role in the constr...

Procrastination is a widespread phenomenon described as the quintessence of self-regulatory failure. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of inhibition capacities (prepotent response inhibition and resistance to proactive interference), negative affect, and gender in this self-regulatory failure. One hundred thirteen participants co...

Despite the intrinsic temporal nature of procrastination, little research has examined the link between this form of self-regulatory failure and the consideration of future consequences, and no study has addressed the link between procrastination and episodic future thinking. The aim of the present study was to explore these relationships. Particip...

Objective: Previous research has demonstrated that self-referential strategies can be applied to improve memory in various memory-impaired populations. However, little is known regarding the relative effectiveness of self-referential strategies in schizophrenia patients. The main aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a new self-refer...

In the last years, University Fund Maurice Chalumeau (FUMC) launched a dynamic of research designed to promote scientific excellence and the development of Sexology with particular i nterest regarding sexual desire. The FUMC has supported a research project entitled «Neurobiological, psychological and sociological approach to sexual desire and sexu...

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is associated with cognitive and functional impairments and increased risk for schizophrenia. We characterized multitasking abilities of adolescents with 22q11.2DS using an experimental naturalistic setting and examined whether multitasking impairments were associated with real-world functioning and negativ...

While many thoughts and mental images that people form about their personal future refer to emotionally significant events, there is still little empirical data on the frequency and nature of emotional future-oriented thoughts (EmoFTs) that occur in natural settings. In the present study, participants recorded EmoFTs occurring in daily life and rat...

This article examines individual variability in sexual desire and sexual satisfaction by exploring the relation between these sexual aspects and sexual attitudes (implicit and explicit) and by taking gender into account, as this has been shown to be an influential factor. A total of 28 men and 33 women living in heterosexual relationships completed...

Introduction: There is now solid evidence for a relation between adverse life events (ALE) and psychotic symptoms in patients with psychosis and in the general population. A recent study has shown that this relation may be partially mediated by stress sensitivity, suggesting the influence of other factors. The aim of this study was to assess the m...

Background: Attitudes toward body shape and food play a role in the development and maintenance of dysfunctional eating behaviors. Nevertheless, they are rarely investigated together. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the interrelationships between implicitly assessed attitudes toward body shape and food and to investigate the moderating effec...

This study explored the link between body image and desire to engage in sexual activity (dyadic and solitary desire) in adult women living in a long-term couple relationship. Moreover, it considered two psychological factors that may underlie such a link: the occurrence of body-related distracting thoughts during sexual activity and encoding style...

Neurobehavioral and self-awareness changes are frequently observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI). These disturbances have been related to negative consequences on functional outcomes, caregiver distress and social reintegration, representing therefore a challenge for clinical research. Some studies have recently been conducted to specifica...

Objectives: Apathy is frequently described following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and defined on the basis of three dimensions (emotional blunting, lack of initiative, lack of interest), which are commonly assessed by the Apathy Inventory (AI). The aims were (1) to explore the psychometric properties of this scale in the TBI population and the rela...

This commentary proposes a complementary perspective to that developed by Billieux, Schimmenti, Khazaal, Maurage and Heeren (2015). The addiction-as-disease approach tends to sideline explanatory factors of a psychosocial, cultural, political, or historical nature. I therefore suggest taking into account not only the personal characteristics (loss...

Parmi les multiples facteurs et mécanismes qui contribuent aux expressions plus ou moins problématiques du vieillissement cérébral et cognitif, il en est certains qui semblent intervenir durant les périodes pré- et postnatales, ainsi que durant l’enfance. Ces facteurs de risque précoces (comme, p. ex., une exposition aux métaux lourds ou de mauvais...

La psychopathologie cognitive est une branche de la psychopathologie qui se propose d’étudier les dysfonctionnements cognitifs impliqués dans le développement, la perpétuation et la récurrence des troubles psychopathologiques. Les thérapies génériques (thérapies cognitivo-comportementale, interpersonnelle, etc.) ont fait leurs preuves, mais un nom...

The ability to project oneself into the future contributes to development and maintenance of a coherent sense of identity. If recent research has revealed that schizophrenia is associated with difficulties envisioning the future, little is known about patients’ future self-representations. In this study, 27 participants with schizophrenia and 26 he...