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Publications (46)
According to classical political economists, there was a correspondence between the type of income received and social class location. Labourers received wages, while capitalists and rentiers received profits and rents. As a result, the standard measures of functional income distribution would reflect the distribution of income between classes. How...
This publication is a report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission's science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. Neither the European Comm...
This paper examines the wage penalty of outsourced workers in France, providing
novel insights to the existing literature. First, it investigates the extent to which the
wage penalty differs between outsourced male and female workers. Our results reveal that outsourced workers experience pronounced wage penalty, with this effect being stronger for...
Using firm-level data from 28 European countries, this paper explores the relationship between two types of innovation (process and digital) and different forms of control (direct and indirect) at the workplace. We find that (1) digital innovation is more common than process innovation; (2) more innovative firms record higher levels of indirect con...
Este articulo discute algunas cuestiones recientes acerca de la evolución de las cadenas globales de valor (CGV). En particular, se analizan el rol que la evolución reciente de los costos laborales, factores institucionales y tecnológicos pueden jugar en la modificación del mapa de comercio y producción global. Además, el artículo se centra en la r...
This paper aims to identify how and to what extent the Italian labour market structure, in terms of job composition and institutional changes, shaped the dynamics of wages and wage inequality in the decade between 2007 and 2017. We investigate the main determinants behind the rise in wage inequality in Italy by using Recentered Influence Function (...
This paper presents a new and enriched version of the JRC-Eurofound database of tasks indices across jobs in the EU15 economy. After a review of the existing measures and applications, we present the taxonomy of tasks which conceptually underlies the database. Next, the construction of the task indices is presented. We analyse the tasks profile of...
This article investigates the gender differences in the tasks performed at the workplace using individual-level data representative of the French working population. In particular, we are interested in exploring gender gaps in power and control. Our findings reveal that, within the same job, women tend on average to be subjected to more forms of co...
Using firm-level data from 28 European countries, this paper explores the relationship between two types of innovation (process and digital) and different forms of control (direct and indirect) at the workplace. We find that (1) digital innovation is more common than process innovation; (2) more innovative firms record higher levels of indirect con...
This paper studies if and to what extent the outsourced status entails a wage penalty for workers during the period 2005–2019 in France and how these differences vary between genders. Our findings show that workers in outsourced jobs suffer a wage penalty which is higher for female workers compared to male ones. The outsourcing penalty does not dep...
Using Census data, this paper proposes an empirical approach to look at differences and changes in the composition of employment across NUTS-3 level regions of six European Union countries over the period 1981 – 2011. We focus on jobs (defined as specific occupations within specific sectors) as our unit of analysis. We rank all jobs based on their...
The original assumption behind the measurement of functional income distribution was that this measure would reflect uniquely the income allocated to different social classes. However, this straightforward dichotomy is more complicated today than it was 200 years ago for different reasons, such as the diversification of sources of income, and the r...
This paper studies the automotive supply chain in four European countries (Germany, France, UK and Italy) between 2000 and 2014. First, employing WIOD data processed via Trade-SCAN, we decompose the domestic and imported value added per unit of employment into a labour cost and functional income distribution component. We argue that the standard in...
One of the most striking developments of the last half-century has been the huge rise in the labour market participation of women. Two out of every three net new jobs created over the last two decades in the EU were taken by women. At the same time, sharply rising employment rates among older workers due to population ageing and policy changes have...
The global COVID-19 pandemic acted as an exogenous shock that forced organizations to adopt homeworking as a common form of work for many occupations. Drawing on a real-time cross-occupational qualitative survey, we first examined how compulsory homeworking affected workers’ freedom to define and perform their tasks. Second, we analyzed how differe...
The COVID-19 pandemic closed or limited many economic activities in 2020, with far-reaching impacts on the labour market. Employment losses at the outset of the pandemic were sharper than those experienced during the global financial crisis. Even greater declines in hours worked arose as a result of the widespread state-supported furloughing of wor...
The paper studies the determinants of wage differentials over time within jobs in France, detailing the contribution of different set of explanatory factors by means of a Recentred Influence Function, to estimate the effect of a set of covariates at different point of the wage distribution. We simultaneously test the contribution of tasks performed...
The global pandemic induced by the spread of the Covid-19 acted as an exogenous shock which forced organisations to adopt telework as a daily and common form of work along a relevant fraction of the occupational structure. Indeed, most of the growing contributions on telework focused on the estimation of employment which can work remotely, while le...
This paper presents a new and enriched version of the European database of tasks indices across jobs in the EU15 (minus UK) economy using most recent data from European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS 2015), a European (Italian) version of the O*NET database of occupational contents (ICP 2012) and the OECD´s PIAAC Survey. The database of tasks indi...
This study aims at better understanding how the massive shift to telework following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020 affected workers’ jobs and lives. In particular, we shed light on how this exogenous change had an impact on tasks content and work organisation dimensions like teamwork, routine, workers’ autonomy and types and e...
This article investigates gender differences in tasks performed at the workplace over a period of 25 years, from 1991 and 2016 in France. We exploit data from the Enquête Complémentaire Emploi: Conditions de travail, the oldest survey at the worker level among European countries on a wide range of work attributes and working conditions measures. In...
This paper studies the automotive supply chain in four European countries (Germany, France, UK and Italy). First, employing WIOD data (Timmer et al., 2015) processed via Trade-SCAN (Román et al., 2019), we decompose the domestic and imported inputs of production, focusing on the region and industry of origin of the contribution to show how the conf...
The Covid-19 crisis has revamped the discussion about the redefinition of GVC. This paper contributes to the debate, analysing the productive relationships between European countries in four key manufacturing activities. In particular, the paper addresses two objectives. First, it maps the degree of productive integration in Europe, focusing on the...
The present study offers an original and unique database collecting information on task profiles using national data across five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and UK) in order to assess the existence of cross country variability in terms of tasks content, methods of work and tools used at work. Overall, the comparative component...
The Covid-19 crisis has revamped the discussion about the redefinition of GVC. This paper contributes to the debate, analysing the productive relationships between European countries in four key manufacturing activities. In particular, the paper addresses two objectives. First, it maps the degree of productive integration in Europe, focusing on the...
We contribute to the assessment of the employment implications of the COVID crisis by classifying economic sectors according to the confinement decrees of three European countries (Germany, Spain and Italy). The analysis of these decrees can be used to make a first assessment of the implications of the COVID crisis on labour markets, and also to sp...
This paper assesses the potential impact of the early 2020 COVID confinement measures on EU labour markets, on the basis of an analysis of the restrictions on economic activity imposed in three EU Member States (Italy, Spain and Germany). Following the legislative measures adopted, we classify all economic sectors into different categories accordin...
In the context of digitalisation and decarbonisation, the transport sector may undergo radical transformations in the decades to come. Four key trends hold a significant disruptive potential: Automation, Connectivity, Electrification and Sharing (ACES). In the next decades, these trends could trigger substantial shifts in vehicle stock, ownership a...
Accumulating evidence indicates that large metropolitan centres are faring much better than other regions within the Member States of the EU. Such interregional inequality contributes to disenchantment with existing political systems, which in turn can weaken the social bonds that ground democratic systems. This is the context for the 2019 edition...
We estimate whether early career patterns of tertiary graduates changed after the reform that deregulated fixed-term arrangements in 2001 in Italy, comparing the first six years of the career of those who graduated before and after 2001. Considering short- and medium-term outcomes in the labour market, we find that the searching time for the first...
Il termine logistica ha conosciuto negli ultimi anni una diffusione inedita sia nel campo della ricerca specialistica sia nel senso comune. Si tratta dunque di un termine polisemico che negli anni ha acquisito una pluralità di significati e usi, non sempre compatibili fra loro.Possiamo identificare tre tipi di definizione che si sono formate nel te...
Since 2015, the emergence of the new forms of work offered by online labour platforms is fuelling the debate on social protection of precarious workers and ‘bogus self-employment’. This study gathers evidence in support of the European Commission initiative aiming at providing adequate social protection regardless the type of employment contract.
This article analyses the “Jobs Act”—the last structural reform implemented in Italy—framing it within the labour market reform process starting in 1997. Taking advantage of different data sources (administrative and labour force data), the investigation provides the following results. First, monetary incentives seem to play a key role in explainin...
Sommario Il presente lavoro fornisce un'analisi della dinamica del mercato del lavoro italiano in seguito all'introduzione del Jobs Act guardando, in particolare, alla dimensione regionale. In linea con Fana et al. (2016), l'analisi mostra come, nel periodo successivo all'introduzione del Jobs Act, ad aumentare siano stati principalmente i lavori a...
Participation of small businesses in the market for public contracts is widely recognized as a key policy issue. It is also commonly held that the adoption of e-procurement solutions can be effective in pursuing such an objective. To this end, we analyze the transactions completed in the period 2004-2007 through the Italian Government's e-procureme...
This paper provides a survey on studies that analyze the macroeconomic effects of intellectual property rights (IPR). The first part of this paper introduces different patent policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic growth. This part also discusses the distortionary effects and distributional consequences of IPR protection a...
Participation of small firms in the market for public contracts is a key policy issue. E-procurement is becoming a way through which such participation can be made more effective. Using a large sample of transactions completed through the MEPA (the Electronic Public Administration's Marketplace) in the period 2004-2007 we show that (very) small sup...
Monitoring contractual performance ensures effective value for money in procurements. Consip (Centralised Public Procurement Agency) created a Monitoring Team (MT) to collect and analyse data about suppliers' performance. Focusing on a specific performance measure (public bodies' complaints), through the 2001-2006 dataset on photocopiers' framework...