Marko Sonkki

• D.Sc. (Tech.)
• Ericsson Antenna Technology Germany GmbH

Breast cancers can appear and progress rapidly, necessitating more frequent monitoring outside of hospital settings to significantly reduce mortality rates. Recently, there has been considerable interest in developing techniques for portable, user-friendly, and low-cost breast tumor monitoring applications, enabling frequent and cost-efficient exam...

This paper presents a dual-band, dual-polarized antenna operating from 24GHz up to 40 GHz at 5G New Radio (NR) millimeter-wave Frequency Range 2 (FR2) bands. A novel stacking arrangement of ring patches is proposed to achieve wide dual-band operation with stable gain. Two pairs of stacked ring patches operating at lower (24.25 to 29.5 GHz) and uppe...

This work describes a novel antenna package, a combination of a four-element array and a lens antenna performing the gain of 13.5 dBi, the bandwidth of 1 GHz and the total efficiency of 72% at 15 GHz. The $2\times 2$ elements array antenna was designed and fabricated using square patches with a substrate through vias and a capacitive feeding on t...

This paper describes the development and evaluation of an on-body flexible antenna designed for an in-body application, as well as on-body communications at ISM and UWB frequency bands. The evaluation is performed via electromagnetic simulations using the Dassault Simulia CST Studio Suite. A planar tissue layer model, as well as a human voxel model...

Power amplifier (PA) efficiency and linearity are among the key drivers to reduce energy consumption while enabling high data rates in the fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave phased array transmitters. Analog per-branch phase and amplitude control is used to steer the beam, suppress the sidelobes, and form zeros to the desired spatial directions....

Abstract In the in-band full-duplex(FD) systems, the self-interference (SI) power can be more than 100 dB higher than the power of the received data signal. In order to enable the FD transmission, several SI cancelation stages are needed in a FD transceiver. By combining the cancelation at the radio frequency (RF) with a specially designed antenna...

In this paper, a novel UHF RFID Tag antenna for automotive tire is presented. The antenna shape and size are reduced by using a meander line. To ensure a proper impedance matching between the antenna and the microchip, especially when antenna is immersed in dielectric medium, a simple approach is presented. The square-load is added at the both ends...

A novel technique to periodically modulate the aperture of a coupled mode leaky coaxial cable (LCX) is presented in this communication. The surface wave (monofilar mode) over the cable is modulated by periodically slotted aperture, converting it to a leaky wave. This leaky wave due to periodic modulation complements the leaked bifilar mode, thus en...

A novel UWB antenna working in the 805.15.6 low-UWB region is proposed in this chapter. The antenna is targeted for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) localization. Simulation results show that the antenna performs well at 4 GHz with a 500 MHz bandwidth which is compliant with the IEEE 802.15.6 standard for Body Area Networks (BAN). A preliminary stu...

The paper presents a novel antenna operating at the lower UWB band (3.75–4.25 GHz), defined originally in IEEE 802.15.6 standard for Body Area Networks (BAN) applications. The proposed antenna is designed for biomedical application, wireless capsule endoscopy localization. In other words, the concerned application is dedicated to track a capsule, b...

This paper presents a study on the fat in the abdomen area as a propagation medium in wearable and implant communications systems. Propagation via subcutaneous and visceral fat is considered separately. Simulations and measurements are done for both female and male bodies with the on-body antennas designed for in-body communications. Propagation pa...

This paper presents a study on the fat in the abdomen area as a propagation medium in wearable and implant communications systems. Propagation via subcutaneous and visceral fat is considered separately. Simulations and measurements are done for both female and male bodies with the on-body antennas designed for in-body communications. Propagation pa...

A recent reflector-backed antenna model is proposed in this paper for wireless capsule endoscopy localization. The antenna is designed to operate at the lowest 802.15.6 mandatory UWB (ultrawideband) channel, i.e., 4 GHz center frequency with 500 MHz bandwidth. The antenna achieves a good directivity and radiates well over the frequency band of inte...

A new antenna structure is presented in this paper. The antenna is operating at the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) band, 3.75-4.25 GHz, defined originally in Body Area Networks (BAN) part of IEEE 802.15.6 standard. The antenna size is 89 mm $\times 60$ mm $\times 21$ mm. The antenna is a directive with a measured gain of 8 dBi at 4 GHz center frequency. Si...

Providing reliable low latency wireless links for advanced manufacturing and processing systems is a vision of Industry 4.0. Developing, testing and rating requires accurate models of the radio propagation channel. The current 3GPP-NR model as well as the QuaDRiGa model lack the propagation parameters for the industrial indoor scenario. To close th...

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the impact on the sternotomy wires on the characteristics of ultra wideband (UWB) radio propagation channel in the human chest area. The study is conducted using two simulation models: a planar layer model and a three dimensional elliptical layer model. The study includes antennas designed for on-body an...

—The paper presents simulated and measurement results of a planar antenna structure at 2 GHz center frequency. The antenna has two ports implemented into the same conductive body. The antenna shows measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth from 1.87 GHz to 2.18 GHz with average 41.3 dB isolation between the antenna ports over the studied frequency bandwi...

The number of IoT (Internet of Things) devices is predicted to increase dramatically in the years to come and their manufacturing and maintenance, including both commercial and ecological aspects associated with these, are gaining substantial attention. One of the effective ways of addressing both these issues at a time is the energy-neutral system...

Abstract High throughput and ultra low latency are the main requirements for fifth generation (5G) mobile broadband communications. Densely populated urban environments require utilization of previously underutilized millimeter wave frequency spectrum for higher data rates. The Ka-band, previously used in satellite applications, is of particular in...

A camera-ready version of the paper that got accepted for PIMRC, 2018 conference

In this paper, a new ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is proposed for C-band satellites applications. The main objective of this work is to design an ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna with a high gain. The proposed antenna is supposed to cover the UWB range from 7.8 GHz to 10.25 GHz for radar applications, and the frequency of 6.3GHz for land stat...

Millimeter wave communication is one of the main disruptive technologies in upcoming 5G mobile networks. One of the first candidate applications, which will be commercially ready by 2020, is wireless backhaul links or wireless last mile communication. This paper provides an analysis of this use-case from radio engineering and implementation perspec...

The article proposes a novel design for a high gain dual-band millimeter wave (mm-wave) antenna at 26.5 and 36.5 GHz frequency bands using flexible substrate and Coplanar waveguide (CPW) technology. The CPW is able to provide 1.2 GHz bandwidth at 26.5 GHz center frequency and 3 GHz bandwidth at 36.5 GHz with 7.2 and 9.7 dBi gain, respectively. The...

The paper presents a novel dual polarized dual fed Vivaldi antenna structure for 1.7–2.7 GHz cellular bands. The radiating element is designed for a base station antenna array with high antenna performance criteria. One radiating element contains two parallel dual fed Vivaldi antennas for one polarization with 65 mm separation. Both Vivaldi antenna...

We derive a full measurement-based parametrization for a three-dimensional (3-D) geometry-based stochastic radio channel model (GSCM) for an urban microcell type of environment at 10 GHz. The measurements were performed with a vector network analyzer and dual polarized virtual arrays at the bandwidth of 500 MHz. The proposed parametrization is vali...

This paper provides some design guidelines for the excitation of broadband slotted planar antennas, addressing key issues such as coupling, symmetries and multiple feeding. The theory of characteristic modes (CMs) is used to identify the collection of current modes that exists on these structures, dealing to a valuable understanding of the radiatin...

This paper presents a complete parametrization for a three-dimensional (3D) geometry-based stochastic radio channel model (GSCM) at 10.1 GHz based on a measurement campaign. The radio channel measurements were carried out with a vector network analyzer over 500 MHz bandwidth in a two-story lobby environment. The measurements were conducted with 9 x...

This paper considers validation of a deterministic radio channel model utilizing wideband radio channel measurements at 10 GHz frequency. Multiple-input multiple-output radio channel measurements were carried out in urban microcell type of environment. The validation comprises of analysis and comparison of modeled propagation paths and measured pro...

We present a radio channel sounding approach for characterizing three-dimensional radio channel at 10 GHz. The measurement system consists of a vector network analyzer, patch antenna element, programmable virtual antenna array in both link ends, together with an automatized measurement control software. The radio channel measurements are performed...

This communication presents a wideband, dual-polarized Vivaldi antenna or tapered slot antenna with over a decade (10.7:1) of bandwidth. The dual-polarized antenna structure is achieved by inserting two orthogonal Vivaldi antennas in a cross-shaped form without a galvanic contact. The measured $- 10,hbox{dB}$ impedance bandwidth (${S_{11}}$) is app...

This paper presents the structure, radiation patterns and surface current distributions of a dual-polarized patch antenna operating at 10.1 GHz center frequency. The antenna structure is designed for a virtual antenna array which is part of a vector network analyzer based radio channel measurement system. The antenna shows 700 MHz -10 dB impedance...

This paper presents the elevation of departure analysis for the urban microcell radio channel measurements at 2.3 GHz center frequency. The measurements were conducted with EB Propsound CSTM for 30 x 16 antenna configuration for the transmitter (Tx) antenna heights of 5 m and 10 m in Oulu city center, Finland. The Tx antenna elements were arranged...

This paper presents the results and analysis of diffraction measurements around a building corner at 10 GHz. Radio channel measurement setup contains a 4-port vector network analyzer and two virtual antenna arrays. Angle of arrival analysis is carried out to distinguish the diffracted path from the other multipath components in the impulse response...

The paper presents a wideband planar antenna with monopole excitation for wireless applications. The proposed antenna is studied in terms of simulated and measured antenna parameters to compare the numerical results to the measured one. The structure shows measured -6 dB impedance bandwidth from 1.78 GHz to 5.5 GHz. This is corresponding to a 103%...

This letter presents a planar wideband linear antenna array to cover multiple wireless standards. The array consists of four microstripline-fed open-ended quarter-wavelength slot antenna elements. By feeding the antenna properly, a fundamental radiating antenna mode can be excited over a wide frequency range. The antenna array is simulated in terms...

This article presents a novel metal bezel antenna structure and its performance in user vicinity. The antenna is designed by keeping in mind the insensitivity in usage environments. In the antenna structure, a mobile chassis and a bezel are combined as one antenna element. Symmetrical feeding is used to excite the antenna. The characteristics of th...

This paper presents a comparison of quasi-complementary antennas with dipole and monopole excitations to obtain large bandwidth and good radiation properties. In both cases the excitation element is closely placed to an electric conductor with a magnetic slot cut into it. In the structures with dipole excitation, the effect of a notch and a square...

A simple antenna structure for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system in a mobile terminal with spatial diversity is presented. A single antenna element consists of a combination of an electric dipole and a square magnetic slot. The studies with a single quasi-complementary antenna element show that the electric dipole and the square-shaped...

In this paper, the effect of the mobile terminal antenna efficiency on the RF power consumption and the link distance, that is cell radius, is discussed. An equation connecting the link distance, antenna efficiency, and path loss exponent is derived. Link distance is calculated with the different antenna efficiency values and with different cell sc...

This paper studies the performance of a symmetrical folded dipole antenna for mobile terminals and compares the results to a metal bezel antenna. The symmetrical folded dipole is an antenna structure where two folded dipoles are implemented against each other as a mirror image to create a magnetic boundary condition between the dipoles. The metal b...

A method for exciting currents in a radiating ground plane over a wide frequency bandwidth is presented. Using a complementary slot in the ground plane excited by a closely spaced monopole (0.008–0.05λ) with 50 Ω input impedance, a wide frequency bandwidth can be achieved to cover multiple radio interfaces. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave...

The creation of a magnetic boundary condition into the plane of symmetry in a radiating ground plane of a portable device is proposed to enhance its radiation efficiency and bandwidth. This magnetic boundary condition is achieved by exciting the antenna through symmetrical feeding. A novel antenna consisting of a symmetrical folded dipole is presen...

A method for compensating part of the user effect on a mobile terminal antenna was experimentally evaluated. A dynamic selection between two separately located antennas was used to reduce absorption caused by the user's index finger. The method was examined in the 900 MHz and 1900 MHz bands with dual-band monopole antennas. The performance of the m...

This letter presents a planar wideband polarization diversity antenna for mobile terminals. The antenna consists of two orthogonally oriented quasi-complementary antennas (QCA) formed by the combination of an electric dipole and a magnetic slot and located at the separate ends of a mobile ground plane. The studies with a single quasi-complementary...

This paper presents a study of the radiating modes in a conducting ground plane excited by eight short dipoles. The dipoles are closely placed to the ground plane in order to couple energy into it. They are organized with two different orientations, which are vertical and horizontal. To gain the different current modes in the radiating ground plane...

This paper presents a study and comparison of complementary antenna structures to find an optimized case for the UWB frequency range. An auto-complementary antenna and quasi-complementary antennas are used as a reference to find an optimized quasi-complementary structure. With the optimized structure, the achieved frequency range is up from 2.22 GH...

This paper presents symmetrically implemented and symmetrically fed patch antenna structure. The patches are used as coupling elements to excite the modes in a mobile chassis at wide frequency band. With the studied antenna structure, the measured 1.12 GHz bandwidth with the impedance matching less than −6 dB can be achieved. The operating frequenc...

A simple structure for achieving low mutual coupling between two monopole antennas at 2.45 GHz center frequency is studied. The structure has two half-wavelength slots cut into the ground plane between the monopoles. The lowest mutual coupling is between -54 and -35 dB, depending on the studied structure. In comparison, mutual coupling using the re...

This paper presents the results of experimental measurements of the effects of the hand and head on mobile phone antenna performance. Loss caused by the head and hand as well as the impedance mismatch loss of a triple-resonance Planar Inverted F-Antenna were measured with altogether six different phantom hand grips. Head and hand-caused losses from...

This paper presents a patch antenna structure with low mutual coupling and good impedance matching characteristics at a 5.8 GHz centre frequency. The structure itself is very simple and contains only two patch antennas on a substrate above a ground plane. Low mutual coupling is achieved by optimizing the dimensions of the patches. The measured -10...

In this paper, a varactor tunable helical antenna for DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting for Handheld devices) at 470 - 702 MHz is presented. The frequency tuning is implemented by using a varactor which capacitance value is changed with a reverse bias voltage. The varactor is placed as a series component to the feed of the helical antenna. An induc...