Mark V. Coggeshall

• Project Manager at Purdue University West Lafayette

Climate change poses a significant threat to the resilience and sustainability of forest ecosystems. This study examines the performance of white oak (Quercus alba, L.) across a range of provenances in a common garden planting, focusing on the species’ response to climatic variables and the potential role of assisted migration in forest management....

Glansreginin A has been reported to be an indicator of the quality of walnuts (Juglans spp.). However, bioactive properties of glansreginin A have not been adequately explored. In the present study, we quantified concentrations of glansreginin A in black walnuts (Juglans nigra) using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (...

Agroforestry adoptition is gaining considerable traction in the temperate US with growing popularity and government incentives (e.g., the Partnerships for Climate-Smart Commodities Project) for systems with greenhouse gas mitigation potential. The identification of complementary species combinations will accelerate the expansion of temperate agrofo...

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is an ecologically and economically important forest tree native to North America. We present a chromosome-scale genome of Q. rubra generated by the combination of PacBio sequences and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) scaffolding. This is the first reference genome from the red oak clade (section Lobatae). T...

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is an ecologically and economically important forest tree native to North America. We present a chromosome-scale genome of Q. rubra generated by the combination of PacBio sequences and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) scaffolding. This is the first reference genome from the red oak clade (section Lobatae). T...

The Maple-leaf oak, Quercus acerifolia (E.J.Palmer) Stoynoff & Hess, is listed as Critically Imperiled by the State of Arkansas and considered endangered in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Oak Species. It is endemic to the interior highlands of the Ouachita Mountains in west-central Arkansas, where it is reported to occur in only four isolated loca...

Quercus arkansana (Arkansas oak) is at risk of becoming endangered, as the total known population size of this species are represented by a few isolated populations. The potential impact of climate change on this species in the near future is high, yet knowledge of its predicted effects is limited. Our study utilized the biomod2 R package to develo...

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is an ecologically and economically important forest tree native to the northeastern United States. We present a chromosome-scale, haplotype-resolved genome of Q. rubra, a representative red oak species, generated by the combination of PacBio sequences and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) scaffolding. This i...

Eastern black walnut ( Juglans nigra L.), one of the most valuable timber and veneer trees in North America, provides nut shells with unique industrial uses and nut kernels with distinctive culinary attributes. A mature F 1 full-sib progeny orchard of 248 individuals from the cross of two eastern black walnut cultivars provides a long-term resource...

Eastern black walnut ( Juglans nigra ) is a large tree endemic to the eastern United States and is highly sought after for its timber products and uniquely flavored nuts. The University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry in New Franklin, MO, USA, hosts an eastern black walnut cultivar repository. This collection supports an ongoing breeding progra...

Hardwood forests make up a significant portion of North American forest ecosystems providing important ecosystem services such as carbon storage and habitat for wildlife. Despite their importance, genomic and experimental resources are limited for most North American hardwood tree species. Here, we give a summary of available resources for populati...

Key message Quercus rubra half sib progenies (N = 93) expressed high levels of variance for both growth and stem form traits in three locations in Indiana, USA at age 11 or 12. Height, diameter, and volume were measured and sweep, branch angle, forking, and branch retention were rated using a (+ / −) system. Families selected for volume showed no u...

Agroforestry systems that integrate useful long-lived trees have been recognized for their potential in mitigating the accumulation of atmospheric fossil fuel-derived carbon (C). Black walnut (Juglans nigra) is frequently planted and cultivated in North America for its valuable lumber and edible nuts, and is highly amenable to the integration of un...

This study aimed to identify bioactive phenolics of eleven black walnut cultivars using a cloud-based metabolomics platform. The metabolomics software platform, XCMS Online, was used to incorporate peak detection, peak grouping, spectra extraction and non-linear retention time correction/alignment. In total, 49 phenolics previously known to promote...

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is an excellent source of health-promoting compounds. Consumption of black walnuts has been linked to many health benefits (e.g., anti-inflammatory) stemming from its phytochemical composition and medicinal properties, but these effects have not been systematically studied or characterized. In this study, potential a...

Walnuts (Juglans spp.) are economically important nut and timber species with a worldwide distribution. Using the published Persian walnut genome as a reference for the assembly of short reads from six Juglans species and several interspecific hybrids, we identified simple sequence repeats in 12 Juglans nuclear and organellar genomes. The genome-wi...

Key message The genetic linkage map for green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) contains 1201 DNA markers in 23 linkage groups spanning 2008.87cM. The green ash map shows stronger synteny with coffee than tomato. Abstract Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) is an outcrossing, diploid (2n = 46) hardwood tree species, native to North America. Native ash s...

Artificial pollination of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is not practical and timber breeders have historically utilized only open-pollinated half-sib families. An alternate approach called “breeding without breeding,” consists of genotyping open-pollinated progeny using DNA markers to identify paternal parents and then constructing full-sib famil...

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is one of the most economically valuable hardwood species and a high value tree for edible nut production in the United States. Although consumption of black walnut has been linked to multiple health-promoting effects (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory), the bioactive compounds have not been systema...

This study aimed to identify and quantify phytosterols of six black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) varieties, and compare the levels of these phytosterols between black walnuts and English walnut (Juglans regia L.). Totally, 13 phytosterols were identified in the black walnut kernels, with β-sitosterol predominating over the other sterols. The analysis...

Biological invasions by insects that vector plant pathogens have altered the composition of natural and urban forests. Thousand cankers disease is a new, recent example and is caused by the complex of walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, and the fungus, Geosmithia morbida, on susceptible hosts, notably some Juglans spp. and Pterocarya spp....

Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) is an outcrossing, diploid (2n=46) hardwood tree species, native to North America. Native ash species in North America are being threatened by the rapid invasion of emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis) from Asia. Green ash, the most widely distributed ash species, is severely affected by EAB infestation, y...

Genomic analysis in Juglans (walnuts) is expected to transform the breeding and agricultural production of both nuts and lumber. To that end, we report here the determination of reference sequences for six additional relatives of Juglans regia: Juglanssigillata (also from section Dioscaryon), Juglans nigra, Juglans microcarpa, Juglanshindsii (from...

Black walnuts (Juglans nigra L.) are highly valued for producing phenolic-enriched nuts. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize phenolic contents of eleven different black walnut cultivars and compare the levels of these phenolics between black walnuts and English walnut (Juglans regia L.). Totally, 16 phenolics including ph...

Black walnut (J. nigra L.) is among North America's most important hardwood plant species for timber production. In the latter half of the 20th century, reducing logging in national forests caused an increase in plantation growth of black walnut, and stimulated interest in breeding programs. Historically, plus-tree selection was used to select cand...

Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) of Juglans and Pterocarya (Juglandaceae) involves a fungal pathogen, Geosmithia morbida, and a primary insect vector, Pityophthorus juglandis. TCD was described originally from dying Juglans nigra trees in the western United States (USA), but it was reported subsequently from the eastern USA and northern Italy. The di...

Table A. Cross-amplification of Geosmithia morbida specific microsatellite locus GS 004 across fungal isolates known to co-inhabit walnut tree galleries. Table B. Cross amplification of Pityophthorus juglandis (WTB) specific microsatellite loci across twenty-four woodborning beetle species that are closely related to P. juglandis or are associated...

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), a large tree native throughout the eastern United States, produces a high-quality edible nut. Our goal was to maintain the integrity of black walnut breeding programs by verifying the identity of accessions. We sampled 285 ramets of 78 cultivars from the black walnut nut breeding orchards and clonal repositories at...

Background Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) is a hardwood tree species native to northeastern North America and economically valued for its wood and sap. Yet, few molecular genetic resources have been developed for this species to date. Microsatellite markers have been a useful tool in population genetics, e.g., to monitor genetic variation and...

Twenty new polymorphic genic SSRs (EST-SSRs) and 13 genomic SSRs were developed in honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) using Illumina transcriptome and low-coverage genome sequencing. A diversity panel of 40 honeylocust samples covering large parts of the species distribution range was characterized. As expected the level of genetic variation was l...

Background Restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) has the potential to be a broadly applicable, low-cost approach for high-quality genetic linkage mapping in forest trees lacking a reference genome. The statistical inference of linear order must be as accurate as possible for the correct ordering of sequence scaffolds and contigs to ch...

The walnut twig beetle [WTB (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman)] is the primary insect vector for a pathogen that causes thousand cankers disease (TCD), a disease complex that leads to mortality in species of walnut (Juglans L.). We performed field and laboratory trials to determine if reproduction by WTB varies between two black walnut (Juglans nig...

20th Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects

Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) complex involves Juglans spp., the fungal pathogen, Geosmithia morbida, and the vector, Pityophthorus juglandis. TCD, originally described from the western United States (USA), has now expanded to the eastern USA and northwestern Italy. The disease complex is often difficult to diagnose because of the absence of sympt...

Background: To develop a set of transcriptome sequences to support research on environmental stress responses in green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), we undertook deep RNA sequencing of green ash tissues under various stress treatments. The treatments, including emerald ash borer (EAB) feeding, heat, drought, cold and ozone, were selected to mimic...

To increase the availability of improved, adapted white oak (Quercus alba L.) for midwestern United States landowners, we analyzed data from three 23-year-old provenance/progeny tests of 70 open-pollinated progenies from 17 provenances. Our goal was to estimate the heritability of height growth and range of adaptation and ultimately to determine th...

Genetic maps constructed with sequenced markers have enduring value for ordering contigs generated during genome sequencing projects, providing a context with which to interpret population and quantitative genetic patterns of variation, testing hypotheses about the genetic architecture loci contributing to adaptive evolution and molecular breeding...

Forest health issues are on the rise in the United States, resulting from introduction of alien pests and diseases, coupled with abiotic stresses related to climate change. Increasingly, forest scientists are finding genetic/genomic resources valuable in addressing forest health issues. For a set of ten ecologically and economically important nativ...

Primer pairs, predicted product size and nucleotide sequences for PALs from ten species. (XLSX)

Sequence yield and estimated genome coverage prior to trimming, after trimming, and after combining reads overlapping reads. (XLSX)

A visualization of analysis steps for low coverage genome sequencing data. (TIF)

1.Eastern black walnut parent cultivars tested in the field appear to be equally suitable hosts for walnut twig beetle reproduction. 2.Black walnut and butternut appear to be equally suitable hosts when tested in the field. 3.Eastern black walnut parent cultivars and butternut from the Midwest, USA, tested in the laboratory, appear to be equally su...

A set of seven new nuclear microsatellite markers (nSSRs) was developed for sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) using paired-end Illumina sequencing. Out of 96 primers screened in a panel of six unrelated individuals, seven markers amplified polymorphic products. The utility of these markers, in addition to six already published microsatellites, fo...

• Premise of the study: Fourteen genomic microsatellite markers were developed and characterized in honey locust, Gleditsia triacanthos, using Illumina sequencing. Due to their high variability, these markers can be applied in analyses of genetic diversity and structure, and in mating system and gene flow studies. • Methods and Results: Thirty-six...

Thousand cankers disease (TCD) of walnut is a result of feeding in the phloem by the walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis, and subsequent canker formation caused by Geosmithia morbida around galleries. TCD has caused extensive morbidity and mortality to Juglans nigra in the western United States and, in 2010, was discovered in the east...

Over the last two centuries, chestnut breeding programs in Europe and Asia have generated an array of chestnut interspecific hybrids, primarily of European (Castanea sativa), Japanese (C. crenata) and Chinese (C. mollissima) ancestry. During this same period, Europeans colonizing North America imported hybrid chestnuts and made interspecific hybrid...

Production of biofuel from corn or other food crops is unsustainable since it creates artificial shortages in food supply, increases in food price, and subsequent socio-economic and environmental consequences. Second generation biofuels, however, has shown promise with improvement in technologies for converting cellulosic feedstock into liquid tran...

Growing interest worldwide in bottomland hardwood restoration necessitates improved ecological understanding of flooding effects on forest tree seedlings using methodology that accurately reflects field conditions. We examined hardwood seedling survival and growth in an outdoor laboratory where the timing, depth, duration, and flow rate of flood wa...

Grafting failure of Chinese chestnut ( Castanea mollissima Blume) trees is common. Some researchers have suggested that secondary phloem fibers in chestnut rootstock stems may interfere with graft union formation. Others suggest that high rootstock moisture content may reduce grafting success. This study was conducted to ascertain the precise arran...

Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), is valued both for its edible nuts and high quality timber. Production of black walnut nutmeats is centered in the western portion of the species' native range and primarily derived from wild sources. An applied breeding program focused on the development of improved black walnut nut cultivars was initiated...

Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), is a native tree species valued both for its timber and nuts. Individual trees require excellent soils with adequate moisture for maximum wood and nut productivity. The vast majority of black walnut nutmeat production is centered in the western part of the species' native range and is predominantly derived f...

A paternity analysis was conducted to increase our understanding of spatial pollen flow dynamics within black walnut orchards. Open pollinated seeds were collected from three 10 year old ramets of the cultivar, ‘Sparrow’, growing in a clonal repository in central Missouri. This study orchard contained a total of 21 cultivars, each represented by tw...

An applied breeding program focused on the improvement of eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) for edible nut production was initiated at the University of Missouri in 1996. Eighty four cultivars were grown as 158 trees in three replicated clonal repositories. Beginning in 2003, the collection was characterized using seven phenological descriptors:...

A study was conducted to determine the optimal time of chip budding 'AU-Super' on Qing and AU-Cropper seedling rootstocks. Twenty trees of each scion/rootstock combination were budded on 21 July, 15 Aug., and 1 and 19 Sept., 2006. Diameters of the rootstock liners were measured at the time of budding. Scion bud diameters were recorded on 23 Mar. 20...

Black walnuts (Juglans nigra L.) are valued for their uniquely fruity flavor and are often used as an ingredient in baked goods and ice cream, or are eaten as a snack food. Although black walnuts can be harvested from wild trees, several cultivars have been selected for such characteristics as ease of cracking, size of kernel, and thickness of husk...

For many planting scenarios, it is desirable to estimate the number of seedlings that need to be planted on flood prone sites to achieve management goals, based upon species flood tolerance ratings and desired stocking levels. However, previous assessments of flood tolerance for a range of oak species used in such plantings in Missouri have been...

Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra), is a native tree species valued both for its timber and nuts. Individual trees require excellent soils with adequate moisture for maximum wood and nut productivity. The vast majority of black walnut nutmeat production is centered in the western part of the species’ native range and is predominantly derived from...

The time of rest completion of buds of eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) cultivars was compared from 2004 to 2008 and various models for estimating chilling were evaluated. The chilling model that best accounted for the variation in days to budbreak among cultivars and temperatures during dormant periods had the following two components: 1) a...

Early fruiting of swamp white oak planting stock has been observed. The potential to exploit this trait for wildlife enhancement purposes was evaluated in a grafting study. Scions from both precocious and non-precocious ortets were grafted onto a series of related seedling rootstock sources. Acorn production was recorded through age 4 years. Acorn...

How much variation in flood tolerance exists among seedlings within oak species, given the flood frequency of sites from which acorns are collected, has been largely unexplored. Our studies examined initial growth and flood tolerance for seedlings of swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor Willd.), bur oak (Q. macrocarpa L.), and white oak (Q. alba L.) gr...

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is being increasingly planted and cultivated in the midwestern USA for the economic potential of both its wood and nuts. Trees that are established for nut production have greater potential for long-term productivity and profit if they are grafted to superior nut-producing cultivars. While numerous productive cultiva...

A study was conducted to: 1) evaluate the use of a durometer for determining husk softening and the date of black walnut harvest and 2) elucidate the relationship between husk hardness, kernel color and weight, and date of harvest. Thirty nuts were randomly collected weekly from mature `Sparrow', `Emma K', `Kwik Krop', and `Football' trees from 1 S...

Genetic parameters for height (HT), diameter (diameter at breast height [dbh]), and volume for a shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) population in Missouri were estimated from a single progeny test comprising 44 half-sibling families assessed at 3, 5, 7, 10, and 17 years. Individual tree heritability estimates for growth traits at age 10 years an...

Black walnut is an underdeveloped orchard crop. Hundreds of cultivars have been named but a commercial orchard industry has not developed. The horticultural characteristics of currently available black walnut cultivars are reviewed. Important cultivar traits include: leaving date, flowering date, growth habit, disease susceptibility, yield, and nut...