Marjan Bahraminasab

Semnan University of Medical Sciences | SUMS · Departmrnt of tissue engineering

The treatment of osteosarcoma, as the most destructive bone cancer, is allied with many challenges. One of the new tissue engineering approaches is the use of a local drug delivery system implanted after surgery. This system can be a scaffold mimicking the natural tissue extracellular matrix, loaded with drugs. Therefore, the purpose of this study...

Injectable hydrogels with high biocompatibility and easy fabrication have numerous advantages over other drug delivery systems. These can be readily injected at the tumor site, causing high loads of drugs entrapped within their structures. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to prepare an optimal formulation of alginate-based hydrogels to...

Purpose The present study aimed to assess the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-MF) on structural changes of human osteosarcoma cells by analyzing the stained cytoskeleton for assessing the relationship between the fractal dimension parameter and proliferation rate of radiation-induced cells. Materials and Methods In t...

Despite the development of various therapeutic approaches over the past decades, the glioblastoma (GBM) treatment remains a major challenge. The extracellular adenosine-generating enzyme CD73 is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of GBM, and targeting CD73 may represent a novel approach to this cancer. This study characterized three-dimen...

Polycaprolactone scaffolds were designed and 3D-printed with different pore shapes (cube and triangle) and sizes (500 and 700 μm) and modified with alkaline hydrolysis of different ratios (1, 3, and 5 M). In total, 16 designs were evaluated for their physical, mechanical, and biological properties. The present study mainly focused on the pore size,...

Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a capable approach for the fabrication of bone tissue scaffolds. Nevertheless, a purely made scaffold such as polylactic acid (PLA) may suffer from shortcomings and be restricted due to its biological behavior. Gelatin, hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been revealed to be of potential...

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized, following the osteogenic and angiogenic effects of HA scaffolds with or without endometrial mesenchymal stem stromal cells (hEnSCs) derived Exosomes were investigated in rat animal model with calvaria defect. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of HA powder formation...

In this paper, the in-vivo healing of critical-sized bony defects by cell-free and stem cell-seeded 3D-printed PLA scaffolds was studied in rat calvaria bone. The scaffolds were implanted in the provided defect sites and histological analysis was conducted after 8 and 12 weeks. The results showed that both cell-free and stem cell-seeded scaffolds e...

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy utilizes low-power lasers to modulate the viability of living human cells and leads to changes in proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and gene expression, even though the rearrangement of cytoskeleton was not previously studied. The present study aims to evaluate the photobiological effects on the elastic behav...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of making porous Al2O3–Ti composites using SPS processing with NaCl particles used as space-holders. Different strategies were used to achieve the samples with appropriate porosity (equal to space-holder magnitude). The 10% porous Al2O3–Ti composite successfully fabricated at a sintering...

Background The function of CD73, an enzyme that is involved in adenosine (ADO) generation, in glioblastoma development has been demonstrated however the details of its molecular mechanisms are not realized nevertheless. Methods Due to the significance of angiogenesis in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis, we intended to evaluate the impac...

The function of CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), an enzyme that is involved in adenosine (ADO) generation, in glioblastoma development has been demonstrated. However, the details of its molecular mechanisms have not been fully realized. Due to the significance of angiogenesis in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis, in this study, it w...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of Al 2 O 3 -Ti functionally graded material (FGM) successfully fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technology, and to compare with pure Ti and alumina. Pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were used to examine cell viability, proliferation and differentiation using lactate dehydrogenase (L...

Elaeagnus. angustifolia L.(EA) is a natural plant food with therapeutic and medicinal properties for treating various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. Since herbal agents are origins of bioactive compounds, they can be applied in complementary treatment protocols. In this study, EA whole fruit extract's cytotoxic effects were...

One of the main issues in bone tissue engineering is to realize the response of the host to the engineered scaffolds. In this paper, the in-vivo healing of critical-sized bony defects by cell-free and stem cell-seeded 3D printed PLA scaffolds was studied in rat calvaria bone. First, the scaffolds were 3D printed based on a designed computer model a...

Recent studies suggest that Spirulina may have great therapeutic benefits due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive properties of the Spirulina microalgae (Spi) on the regression and survival of tumor, histopathological features of glioblastoma, and detection of...

Introduction: Alumina-titanium (Al2O3-Ti) composites with enhanced mechanical and corrosion properties have been recently developed for potential applications in orthopaedics and hard tissue replacements. However, before any clinical use, their interactions with biological environment must be examined. Methods: The aim of this study, therefore, was...

Background: The margin of crown is a significant area for plaque accumulations. Therefore, the ability of the cement to seal the margin is very important. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bond (retentive) strength, microleakage, and failure mode of four different types of cements in stainless steel crown (SSC) of primary molar teeth...

Porous Lattice Structure (PLS) scaffolds have shown potential applications in the biomed-ical domain. These implants' structural designs can attain compatibility mechanobiologically, thereby avoiding challenges related to the stress shielding effect. Different unit cell structures have been explored with limited work on the fabrication and characte...

Background Alumina-titanium (Al 2 O 3 -Ti) biocomposites have been recently developed with improved mechanical properties for use in heavily loaded orthopedic sites. Their biological performance, however, has not been investigated yet. Methods The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo biological interaction of Al 2 O 3 -Ti. Spark pl...

The aim of this study was to synthesize HA from carp bone waste by calcination treatment. The effects of calcination temperature and time on crystallite size, crystallinity%, powder size and morphology, formed phases, and Ca/P ratio were analyzed. The XRD analyses indicated that for 1h calcination time, HA was the only phase produced at all tempera...

Advances in biomaterials and the need for patient-specific bone scaffolds require modern manufacturing approaches in addition to a design strategy. Hybrid materials such as those with functionally graded properties are highly needed in tissue replacement and repair. However, their constituents, proportions, sizes, configurations and their connectio...

Seeding cells directly into a new medium subjects the cells to stress due to certain differences in medium formulation. As a result, it seems necessary for cells to be adapted to a new medium, in order to save the properties of the cells and to achieve reliable results from the tests. The MC3T3 osteoblastic cell line is recommended to be cultured i...

Nano-hydroxyapatite powder was used in electric discharge machining to modify the surface of Ti–6Al–4V medical alloy. Herein, electric discharge machining was performed, with and without powder-mixed flushing for evaluation of the material erosion rate and surface roughness. In addition to dielectric type, several process parameters including curre...

The present study aimed to develop several Co-Cr biomedical alloys with different amounts of molybdenum. The weight percentages of molybdenum were in the range of 0-4 wt.% in the base alloy (Co-30Cr). The microstructures, phases, density, mechanical strength, wear behavior and corrosion characteristics of these alloys were evaluated. The results sh...

Biomaterials are essential to medical device production, play a critical role in health care and affect the quality and longevity of human life. The ever-increasing demand for the use of medical devices and implants offering improved function and ease of life makes the development of new biomaterials a challenging task. The design and development o...

Purpose-With technology advances, metallic implants claim to improve the quality and durability of human life. In the recent decade, Ti-6Al-4V biomaterial has been additively manufactured via selective laser melting (SLM) for orthopedic applications. This paper aims to provide state-of-the-art on mechanobiology of these fabricated components. Desig...

This book focuses on the recent advances in the field of orthopaedic biomaterials, with a particular emphasis on their design and fabrication. Biomimetic materials, having similar properties and functions to that of the natural tissue, are becoming a popular choice for making customized orthopaedic implants and bone scaffolds. The acceptability of...

Alumina-titanium composites have shown good mechanical properties which makes them promising for orthopedic applications. The placement of an orthopedic implant involves an invasive procedure which stimulates a localized inflammatory response causing an acidic environment around the implant. This makes the study on corrosion more critical. Therefor...

Biomaterials with single composition suffer from shortcomings limiting their lifetime and sometimes restricting their applications. Therefore, biocomposites have been started to develop by combining two or more biomaterials with different characteristics to provide superior properties compared to each biomaterial alone. These materials can be flexi...

Corrosion in human body can cause changes in materials structure and release of undesirable products which may bring about complications such as toxicity and inflammation, and jeopardize the mechanical stability of the prosthesis. In biomaterials engineering, attempt has been made on design and manufacture of implant materials with less corrosion,...

Biomaterials with single composition suffer from shortcomings limiting their lifetime and sometimes restricting their applications. Therefore, biocomposites have been started to develop by combining two or more biomaterials with different characteristics to provide superior properties compared to each biomaterial alone. These materials can be flexi...

Biomaterials are continuously being developed to overcome the drawbacks of existing materials and provide improved function in artificial organs. Currently Co-Cr based alloys are used in many medical applications such as hip and knee implants which still require modification to better perform. In this article, therefore, the influence of tungsten a...

Development and selection of a proper biomaterial with diverse properties (i.e. physical, mechanical, wear, corrosion, and many others) for hip femoral head is one of the most exigent tasks. Improper material often causes component failure during functioning. Therefore, in this study, a series of implant materials containing tungsten of different w...

The trend in biomaterials development has now headed for tailoring the properties and making hybrid materials to achieve the optimal performance metrics in a product. Modern manufacturing processes along with advanced computational techniques enable systematical fabrication of new biomaterials by design strategy. Functionally graded materials as a...

Orthopaedic prostheses still suffer from limited lifetime which imposes revision surgery with the associated risks involved. This, to some extent, is related to the vulnerability of the biomaterials used for their fabrication that are commonly single-constituent and uniform. Therefore, hybrid biomaterials such as composites and functionally graded...

Satisfying consumers in all expected quality dimensions is the major challenge in product design. In the integrated chain of actions for developing new, or improving existing products, creativity is considered to be essential. The process of selecting the best material to fulfill the desired requirements deals with a lot of trade-offs. An increased...

Designing mostly involves complex problem-solving and the need to consider many different options. Design support tools facilitate the process of obtaining optimum solutions such as the most appropriate choice of material for the component of a product. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are useful when multi-criteria need to be consider...

The screening methods available for materials selection range from simple manual procedures to sophisticated computer-based packages, as either stand-alone, or linked to materials’ properties databases, or integrated with other design support tools. Of all the current methods available, the most popular way of screening materials is via the use of...

The selection of materials at all stages of the product design process requires effective decision-making. The nature of the problem is both complex and varying from having to consider a large number of available materials and vague information in the early design stages to a small number of acceptable materials and detailed information in the late...

Ten detailed practical examples, or case studies, have been chosen to explain and impart a better understanding of the methods described in the previous chapters. The first example describes the problem of selecting materials for a hip joint prosthesis, which includes target criteria. The process of obtaining three types of weightings, ranking with...

Multi-Attribute Decision-Making methods have become accepted for determining the choice of materials when the “lowest price” approach does not realize the optimum result. These methods are especially useful for high technology markets, where product differentiation and competitive advantage are often achievable with just small gains in material per...

During the design process for a product, materials are either selected or designed to meet the desired requirements. In material selection the outcome is that typically the ideal solution is not always chosen. Also, because of the conflicting nature of materials characteristics, improvement of material properties usually does not meet the expected...

Multi-Criteria Decision-making (MCDM) has the potential for improving all areas of decision-making in engineering, from design to manufacture, but is especially beneficial for applications in high technology market sectors, where product differentiation and competitive advantage are often achieved by just very small gains in material performance. T...

CALL FOR PAPERS e increasing demand for replacing degraded and damaged biological ortho-pedic tissues with artiicial implants is one of the main concerns of orthopedic communities. is necessitates the acceleration of eeorts to improve all aspects of orthopedic implants. e design approach, including geometrical features and biomaterials used, plays...

Multi-criteria Decision Analysis for Supporting the Selection of Engineering Materials in Product Design, Second Edition, provides readers with tactics they can use to optimally select materials to satisfy complex design problems when they are faced with the vast range of materials available. Current approaches to materials selection range from the...

The quality of the published papers owes to the authors’ excellence in research as well as the constructive feedback and comments received from the anonymous reviewers. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all them for their great support in making this Special Issue possible.

Knee prostheses as medical products require careful application of quality and design tool to ensure the best performance. Therefore, quality function deployment (QFD) was proposed as a quality tool to systematically integrate consumer's expectation to perceived needs by medical and design team and to explicitly address the translation of customer...

The integration of materials selection and design are essential to the success of new product development, especially when applied to biomedical devices. The knee prosthesis, like any other implant, is a product that still lacks satisfactory design solutions for solving the problem of aseptic loosening. Stress shielding is one of the main causes of...

The optimal design of complex systems in engineering requires pursuing rigorous mathematical modeling of the system’s behavior as a function of a set of design variables to achieve goal-oriented design. Despite the success of current knee implants, the limited life span remains the main concern of this complex system. The mismatch between the prope...

Aseptic loosening of femoral components is a significant problem affecting the life of current total knee replacements. To help reduce the problem of aseptic loosening, a new metal–ceramic poros functionally graded biomaterial (FGBM) has been designed to replace the existing metal alloy material normally used. In order to investigate the effect of...

Aseptic loosening is one of the main reasons for the revision of a total knee replacement (TKR). The design of the key component of a TKR, the femoral component, is particularly problematic because its failure can be the result of different causes. This makes the development of new biomaterials for use in the femoral component a challenging task. T...

Contact pressure in the knee joint is a key element in the mechanisms of knee pain and osteoarthritis. Assessing the contact pressure in tibiofemoral joint is a challenging mechanical problem due to uncertainty in material properties. In this study, a sensitivity analysis of tibiofemoral peak contact pressure to the material properties of the soft...

The variety of new biomaterials and different surface treatments being applied to existing materials all intended for total knee replacement (TKR) are self-evident of the demand for longer lasting knee prostheses. Aseptic loosening is one of the main reasons for the revision of TKR components including the femoral component, which has more challeng...

Materials selection is an onerous but very important activity in the design process. An inappropriate choice of material(s) can adversely affect the productivity and profitability and hence reputation of a manufacturing organization. The complexity of materials selection makes multi-criteria analysis an invaluable tool in the engineering design pro...

Material selection is an onerous process of design activities which needs to be carefully carried out in order to increase the probability of success. A lot of multi-criteria decision-making methods have been proposed in material selection, many of which require quantitative weights for the attributes. Since weights play a very significant role in...

The increasing trend of total knee replacement (TKR) revision surgery, which is associated with aseptic loosening, makes it a challenging research subject. The concern of loosening can be partially improved by selecting the optimal materials for TKR components. Therefore, this paper considers selection of the best material among the set of alternat...

As a step towards developing a biomaterial for femoral component of total knee replacement, the goals of this study were to introduce NiTi shape memory alloy as a promising material for orthopedic implant and to evaluate the effect of different material properties on contact behavior of the joint and stress distribution of the femoral bone using fi...

In engineering design, material alternatives evaluate according to different criteria depending on the objectives of the problem. Performance ratings for different criteria are measured by different units, but in the decision matrix in order to have a valid comparison all the elements must be dimensionless. However, a lot of normalization methods h...

A review of some recent researches about presently used metallic biomaterials is presented and the potential of NiTi and porous NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA) for orthopedic implant is discussed. The important properties of an implant include long fatigue life, adequate strength, modulus equivalent to that of bone, high corrosion resistance, and bi...

In a firm producing spare part of automobile, it's very important to provide the products on time. Therefore such firm always tries to do in the best way to have necessary raw materials, to hold the process active fully and to have enough final products in stock. They do this to reduce the risk of delay in delivery of the final products. For reduci...