Marisa Bucheli

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Universidad de la República de Uruguay

There is limited quantitative research on the effect of parental union dissolution on children's well‐being in developing countries. We use three waves of an Uruguayan longitudinal study that follows a cohort of first graders at public primary schools in 2004 to study the short‐term (at age 13) and medium‐term (at age 19) effects of parental separa...

New estimates of economic flows by age combined with population projections show that in the coming decades (1) global GDP growth could be slower by about 1 percentage point per year, declining more sharply than population growth; (2) GDP will shift toward sub‐Saharan Africa more than population trends suggest; (3) living standards of working‐age a...

El uso de la violencia física moderada, en la crianza de niños, es una práctica extendida y aceptada como medida disciplinaria. Sin embargo, hay pruebas de que estas prácticas durante la infancia producen efectos negativos en el curso de la vida adulta. Esto motiva el análisis de la transmisión inter-generacional de esta conducta. Utilizamos la Enc...

Experimental literature has accumulated evidence on the association of social identity to a higher or lower level of prosocial behavior. There is also evidence that donations are affected by the mere provision of information about the recipients, whatever its nature or content. In this paper, we present a unified experimental framework (within-subj...

The article Inequality and fiscal policies in Uruguay by race, written by Maximo Rossi, Marisa Bucheli and Florencia Amábile, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 24 January 2018 without open access.

We analyze individual and country factors that explain attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Most patterns at individual level are similar to the international ones: for example, approval of IPVAW is higher among women and people in rural areas or in disadvantaged socio-economic situati...

This article provides evidence for Uruguay on the impact of union dissolution (divorce and separation) on a wide set of maternal and household well-being outcomes, based on two waves of a longitudinal study that follows up children that were first graders at public primary schools in 2004. To control for the potential selectivity of union dissoluti...

The aim of the chapter is to analyze home production of women and men by age for Uruguay using a Time Use Survey carried out in 2013. We begin by introducing the main gendered socio-economic traits of the country, focusing on the demographic transition and gender differences in educational and labor market outcomes. Then, we describe the source of...

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of fiscal policy by race, disaggregating to consider Uruguayans with primarily European, African and indigenous ancestry. We perform an incidence analysis, an estimation of the effect of fiscal policy on the poverty exit rate and an assessment of the impact on the average ethno-racial gaps. The finding...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the intake of two types of sweet snacks by women using competitive environments as stressors. We study the effect of competition on food intake from two perspectives: overall consumption and the substitution between two snacks (a “healthy” and a “nonhealthy” snack). For this purpose we did a laboratory experiment...

In Uruguay, public direct transfers reduce poverty for society as a whole. Poverty affects mostly children, even after the recent period of fall in poverty. The aim of this article is to analyze whether the reduction in poverty benefits a particular age group over others or if it affects all groups equally. The methodological strategy consists in t...

The aim of this paper is to present time profiles of home production and its consumption by sex and age for Uruguay. For this, we apply an extension of the methodology National Transfer Accounts, which implies estimating time spent in home production and then valuing it. The activities considered correspond to those that can be transferred to a thi...

Experimento económico desarrollado con estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de l a UdeaR. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados apoyan la idea de que la competencia es un estresor que produce aumento de la ingesta y sustitución de comida hacia la alto contenido graso  Mecanismos que pueden relacionar compete...

The incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Latin America and Caribbean region is relatively high compared with other high-income and middle-income countries. This problem is particularly relevant in Uruguay. The empirical literature provides evidence that violence toward partners is more likely among individuals who justify, approve, o...

Actitudes sobre la violencia hacia la pareja y roles de género de las mujeres uruguayas.

Longer lives and fertility far below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman are leading to rapid population aging in many countries. Many observers are concerned that aging will adversely affect public finances and standards of living. Analysis of newly available National Transfer Accounts data for 40 countries shows that fertility well abov...

In Uruguay the tax structure and social spending reduce inequality and poverty for the whole society (Bucheli et al. 2013). In this study we analyze the effect of fiscal policy by race considering whites, afros and indigenous. The main question of our paper is whether the reduction of inequality and poverty benefit a racial group over the others...

The use of moderate physical violence while raising children is an extended practice, accepted as a disciplinary measure. Nevertheless, there is evidence that these practices during childhood produce negative effects in different areas of adult life. This motivates the analysis of the intergenerational transmission of this conduct. We used the surv...

Research on moral cleansing and moral self-licensing has introduced dynamic considerations in the theory of moral behavior. Past bad actions trigger negative feelings that make people more likely to engage in future moral behavior to offset them. Symmetrically, past good deeds favor a positive self-perception that creates licensing effects, leading...

How much redistribution does Uruguay accomplish through social spending and taxes? How progressive are revenue collection and social spending? A standard fiscal incidence analysis shows that Uruguay achieves a nontrivial reduction in inequality and poverty when all taxes and transfers are combined. In comparison with other five countries in Latin A...

La existencia de la relación empírica entre salario y desempleo en Uruguay, se analizada en este trabajo. Se estiman varios modelos para el período 1986-2005 utilizando dos aproximaciones para medir el salario. Se obtiene una elasticidad de -0,09 entre desempleo y salarios. La elasticidad es mayor para los jóvenes, las mujeres y los menos educados....

Latin America is a region of sharp ethnic inequalities. Uruguay has usually been considered an exception to this pattern, although no data were available to confirm this assumption until recently. This article uses the Household Survey of 2006 to analyze the wage gap between Afro-descendants and whites through OLS equations, decompositions, and qua...

This microsimulation model of the tax-benefit system in Uruguay is the companion to the following paper (which has to be cited when using the model): Verónica Amarante, Marisa Bucheli, Cecilia Olivieri and Ivone Perazzo (2012), “Distributive impacts of alternative tax structures: the case of Uruguay”, in Carlos M. Urzúa (ed.), Fiscal Inclusive Deve...

Numerous experimental studies use a panel approach to analyze repeated experiments involving a large number of periods. They use “static” panel techniques and do not incorporate any temporal dependency (lags) of the dependent variable. This paper introduces dynamic panel data techniques to experimental economists. This is a standard tool in many ot...

In this brief paper we compare the redistributive effect of a VAT reform using an arithmetical and a behavioral microsimulation model. We analyze the effects of the elimination of the VAT for a basket of goods which is intensively consumed by the poorest population. Our microsimulations are based on data from the expenditure survey. The behavioral...

We examine the factors that shape job satisfaction and in particular, the direct and indirect effects of the educational level. Our motivation is based on extending a large body of researches that is focused on private sector data by employing a larger and widely heterogeneous set of micro-data and by including non-linear effects and indirect effec...

This book contains a selection of studies discussed at the first and second Regional Meetings on Computable General Equilibrium, which were held, respectively, in Santiago, Chile on 13 and 14 April 2007 with the collaboration of the Centre for International Prospective Studies and Information (CEPII), and San Jose, Costa Rica, from 24 to 25 Novembe...

We examine the factors that shape job satisfaction and in particular, the direct and indirect effects of the educational level. Our motivation is based on extending a large body of researches that is focused on private sector data by employing a larger and widely heterogeneous set of micro-data and by including non-linear effects and indirect effec...

Incomplete and highly fragmented work histories threaten to leave many contributors of the pension schemes in Latin America without the minimum pension guarantee or even without access to the ordinary pension. We propose a methodology to assess this risk, identify vulnerable groups and study potential determinants of the history of contributions us...

In this paper we analyze the racial wage gap in Uruguay in the period 2006-2009 using data from the Household Survey collected by INE (the National Statistics Institute). We select a sample of full-time men workers aged 25-59. We decompose the gap between log hourly-wages of Whites and Afro-descendants at the mean and at each percentile of the wage...

The estimations in this paper show that there is a high risk that a very significant share of the workers registered in the work history of the main social security institution of Uruguay (the BPS) will not be able to comply with the condition of contributing 35 years to access the pension when they reach the usual ages for retirement, if the frequ...

This article considers the distributional impact of different changes in Uruguayan tax system, using a static micro-simulation framework based on the combination of data from household and expenditure surveys. On the indirect taxes side, we consider two alternatives that imply the same reduction in tax revenue: a general reduction of 2 points in th...

Incomplete and highly fragmented work histories threaten to leave many contributors of the pension schemes in Latin America without the minimum pension guarantee or even without access to the ordinary pension. We propose a methodology to assess this risk, identify vulnerable groups and study potential determinants of the history of contributions us...

From 1985 to 2000 the total divorce rate (TDR) in Uruguay doubled from 15% to 30%, the highest figure in South America. Despite the increasing number of divorces and separations, there is still little information concerning contact between non resident parents and children and payment of child support. This paper provides more information on these...

The purpose of this work is to present an estimation of the economic flows between people of different ages in Uruguay for 2006. In any period coexist people of different generations living in different stages of the life cycle. People in the working age, generate resources that serve not only for their support but for the generations that are not...

Incomplete and highly fragmented work histories threaten to leave many contributors of the pension schemes in Latin America without the minimum pension guarantee or even without access to the ordinary pension. We propose a methodology to assess this risk, identify vulnerable groups and study potential determinants of the history of contributions us...

Survey results from Uruguay show that there is gender discrimination in the private labor market, and that women spend more time than men doing domestic work and less time in the labor market. We take these and other features of the survey into account to build a gender aware CGE model with endogenous labor supply and a home production function. Th...

Unemployment insurance is a type of contributory program which aims to provide transitory benefits and has three main objectives: provide workers with temporary income so they can select a job which is suited to their skills, reduce the decline in aggregate spending during recessions by stabilizing the income and consumption of those concerned, and...

This paper analyzes the existence of a wage curve in Uruguay. We run several models using data for the period 1986-2005. We use two different proxies of the wage and we estimate both microdata and cell-mean regressions. Besides, we run the model for the whole sample and for groups of individuals disaggregated by level of education, gender, age and...

The National Transfers Accounts (NTA) system seeks to measure intergenerational transfers at the aggregate level consistent with National Income and Product Accounts. The method of estimation is shared by many countries and is depicted in the web page www.schemearts.com/proj/nta/. In this paper we describe the applied procedure in the estimation of...

The aim of this paper is to present an overall picture of the 1994 estimations of the economic flows per capita by age profile in Uruguay, focusing on the transfers between ages. People consume during the whole of their lives, but labor income is concentrated in the prime ages. In fact, in childhood and for the elderly, consumption is below labor i...

This study analyzes the effects of publicly funded continuous vocational training and retraining programs in the former East Germany after unification with West Germany in 1990. It presents econometric estimates of the average gains from training in terms of employment probabilities, earnings, and career prospects after the completion of training u...

In Uruguay, the pension programs cover over 90% of the elderly. Men are more likely to be eligible for the contributory pensions, while women are over-represented in the assistential and survivor pension programs. This difference is linked to the fact that women tend to have longer spells out of the labour force than men. In this context, we analyz...

Forteza for their useful comments and suggestions. All remaining errors and omissions are our own responsibility. Abstract Uruguay is a small economy. Its integration into MERCOSUR has increased its exposure to regional macroeconomic instability. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of regional integration on the country's labour market an...

Uruguay is a small economy. Its integration into MERCOSUR has increased its exposure to regional macroeconomic instability. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of regional integration on the country's labour market and poverty. We estimated wage differentials between labour categories, finding a 60 percent wage gap between formal and info...

This study analyzes the effects of publicly funded continuous vocational training and retraining programs in the former East Germany after unification with West Germany in 1990. It presents econometric estimates of the average gains from training in terms of employment probabilities, earnings, and career prospects after the completion of training u...

In Uruguay, the payroll tax rates that take the form of mandatory contributions to the social security system paid by employers differ among industries. This is the result of different policies. Since the 1950s, the law has permitted exemptions based on three criteria: a) the “general interest”, which led to some firms enjoying discretional subsidi...

Luego de una fase de crecimiento en el decenio de 1990, Uruguay soportó entre 1998 y 2002 una caída del producto de 17,5%. Este trabajo busca analizar la distribución del ingreso en ese período de crisis y descubrir qué grupos de población fueron los más perjudicados. Los resultados indican que la concentración de ingresos, que había comenzado a me...

The estimations in this paper show that there is a high risk that a very significant share of the workers registered in the work history of the main social security institution of Uruguay (the BPS) will not be able to comply with the condition of contributing 35 years to access the pension when they reach the usual ages for retirement, if the frequ...

No obstante la existencia de una legislación temprana respecto al divorcio, en Uruguay ha aumentado significativamente la cantidad de divorcios a partir de la segunda mitad de la década de los ochenta. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en identificar las características, individuales y de la pareja, que se asocian con un mayor riesgo de divorci...

In spite of an early legislation on divorce in Uruguay, the total number of divorces has increased significantly since the second half of the 1980’s. The purpose of this work is to identify the characteristics of women and their spouses associated with a larger risk of divorce, using the Survey of Familiar Situations collected in 2001. The results...

The purpose of this paper is to study the reasons that underlie non-compliance with child support orders in divorce cases and to review the problems of the enforcement system. Firstly, there is a brief description of the links between divorce, economic welfare and household structure. Secondly, there is an analysis of the variables that affect a pa...

The aim of this article is to answer the question of whether women in Uruguay face a glass ceiling. To do this, the conditional gender wage gap is evaluated along the empirical wage distribution function. Separated quantile regression for women and men are estimated. We evaluate the counterfactual gap between the observed male wage and what this wo...

This work constitutes a first exploration on the information about people<92>s satisfaction levels in Uruguay. In particular, it intends to analyse the relationship between the level of satisfaction with life and other variables in a sample of women from 25 to 54 years old in Greater Montevideo. Many of the results obtained, such as the positive re...

Resumen Luego de atravesar por una fase de crecimiento en los años noventa, entre 1998 y 2002 Uruguay asiste a una caída del producto de 17.5%. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la distribución del ingreso en este período de crisis y en particular, detectar qué grupos de población son los más perjudicados por la caída de los ingresos. Para e...

This work constitutes a first exploration on the information about people’s satisfaction levels in Uruguay. In particular, it intends to analyse the relationship between the level of satisfaction with life and other variables in a sample of women from 25 to 54 years old in Greater Montevideo. Many of the results obtained, such as the positive relat...

The aim of this paper si to study the probability that a father who don’t live with their children transfers some amount of money or on kind and the frequency of visits. The papers analyse the relationship among these variables and characteristics of fathers, mothers and their union. According to the mothers, 58% of the fathers don’t make any trans...

El propósito general del presente trabajo es analizar el impacto del desempleo sobre el salario futuro de los trabajadores en Uruguay en los años '90, década en que el país asistió a un crecimiento de la tasa del desempleo desde un nivel promedio de 8,5% en el período 1988/94 hasta un nivel promedio de 11% en el período 1995/99. El crecimiento del...

This paper is focused on analyzing the impact of unemployment on subsequent wages in Uruguay in the nineties, when an increase in the unemployment rate was observed from an average of 8.5 % in 1988/94 to 11 % in 1995/99. Displaced wage workers in the private sector increased, along with longer unemployment duration and less requirements in job sear...

This document presents a preliminar overview of the results of a survey about family structures and social outcomes. The information was collected between March and October of 2001. The sample included 1806 women aged 25 to 54 years old, living in Montevideo and its suburban areas in Canelones and San Jos� (Uruguay).

Along the 1990’s there was an increase in the number of people who attended college in Uruguay, both in employment and in the labor force. This article seeks to find if there is evidence of overeducation at the tertiary level, defined as mismatch between supply and demand of that skill level. The article presents an estimation of the wage premium f...

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main characteristics of the jobs of workers who attended college in comparison of workers who finished high school and did not pursued their studies. On one hand, there is a description of unemployment and jobs of different groups. For workers who completed college, the rate of unemployment and the inci...

In this paper a discussion of truancy and attendance to school in the case of youths of ages between 14! and 17 years old in Uruguay is presented. In this age range, attendance to school was above 70% along the last ten years, while labor force participation has been stable around less than 30%; in turn, 10% of youths of those ages declares both at...

Uruguay ha asistido a una disminuci�n de las tasas de fecundidad y a un aumento de la actividad femenina y de los niveles educativos de la poblaci�n, al igual que la gran mayor�a de los pa�ses en el correr del siglo. Este estudio aborda estos cambios desde la perspectiva de las decisiones de los hogares recurriendo a la construcci�n de pseudopanele...

In this paper a discussion of the participation of college studentes in the labor market in Uruguay is presented. The participation rate of students between 18 and 30 years old is 66%. This situation arises in a context where an important percentage of students require to graduate more years than those established in the curriculum. In this context...

In this paper a discussion of truancy and attendance to school in the case of youths of ages between 14 and 17 years old in Uruguay is presented. In this age range, attendance to school was above 70% along the last ten years, while labor force participation has been stable around less than 30%; in turn, 10% of youths of those ages declares both att...

Como el país no cuenta con información que permita reproducir los salarios sobre los cuales se realizaron los aportes y calcularon las pasividades hasta el año 1995, los estudios comprendidos en el proyecto “Los efectos macroeconómicos de la reforma de la seguridad social” requirieron previamente estimar el perfil de remuneraciones a lo largo del c...

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de la reforma de la seguridad social de 1995 sobre las cuentas generacionales, esto es, sobre el valor presente del conjunto de prestaciones netas de aportes percibidas a lo largo del ciclo de vida por distintas cohortes. Este tipo de análisis permite conocer el impacto de la reforma en té...

In this paper, time series on the extent of poverty in Montevideo (1983-92) are derived and analysed using different measures and approaches in the definition of the poverty line. The results show that the picture of how poverty has developed is much affected by the use of and absolute or relative poverty line. Meanwhile relative poverty is quite s...

The paper studies the distribution of income during the period 1984-1992. Special attention is taken to the remuneration of civil servants during those years and the changes in the adjustment of pensions. The results shows a relative stability in the inequality in the period. The constitutional reform, refers to the change in the adjustment system...

Although there were external shocks and changes in macroeconomic and income policies, the poverty indexes did not register important variations in Uruguay (1980-1990). But the fluctuations in average income suggest that the levels of absolute poverty could have been affected. Anyway, the decomposition of the indexes using a relative poverty line pe...

The objective of this paper is to estimate sectorial wage differences for Uruguay (1988), controlling for individual characteristics and geographical region. The estimations were made for all the men of the private urban sector and for different occupational groups. The wage structure doesn't differ subsfantially accross those groups, but women pre...