Marion Raab

Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg | FAU · Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology

Im letzten Jahr wurden wir vermehrt von Patienten aufgesucht, die nach einer Infektion mit oder Impfung gegen SARS-CoV-2 über einen einseitigen Hörverlust, oft auch als Hörsturz bezeichnet, klagten. Parallel häuften sich auch Patienten in unseren Praxen mit postinfektiös oder postvakzinal aufgetretener beidseitiger Schwerhörigkeit, einem vermehrten...

Nachdem im März 2020 in Deutschland die ersten Covid-19-Patienten schwerere Infektionsverläufe hatten, war schnell klar, dass es sich nicht, wie bei SARS-CoV-1, um ein reines Atemwegsvirus handelt, das Erkältungssymptome und „nur“ in seltenen Fällen Lungenentzündungen verursacht – SARS-CoV-2 verursacht Endothelentzündungen und kann somit sämtliche...

Der umgeknickte Fuß hat aus osteopathischer Sicht nachhaltige Auswirkungen auf den ganzen Körper. Ein Supinationstrauma ist oft ursächlich für Schmerzen, die über das ganze Bein bis ins Becken reichen. Blockierungen des Iliosakralgelenks (ISG) können ebenso wie tiefsitzende Rückenschmerzen und Ischialgien ausgelöst werden. In diesem Beitrag erkläre...

In unserem letzten Artikel (s. CO.med 12/2019, S. 61 ff.) haben wir über Epidemiologie, Risikofaktoren, die zuneh-mende Prävalenz und die Begriffsdefinition des subakromialen Schulterimpingements berichtet. Für das Verständnis der Problematik war uns ein Blick auf die funktionelle Anatomie der Armhebung auf 180°und daraus resultierend eine biomecha...

Teil 1: Biomechanische Ursachenforschung | Lutz M. Scheuerer und Marion Raab Das Impingement-Syndrom ist Ursache eine der häufigsten Beschwerden von Schul-terschmerzen. Im ersten Teil der zweiteiligen Artikelreihe gehen wir konkret auf das subakromiale Impingement-Syndrom ein und erklären zunächst die Symptomatik, Anatomie und Biomechanik.

Homer1, a scaffolding protein of the postsynaptic density (PSD), enriched at excitatory synapses is known to anchor and modulate group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and different channel- and receptor-proteins. Homer proteins are expressed in neurons of different brain regions, but also in non-neuronal tissues like skeletal muscle. Oc...

Häufig führen Operationen im kleinen Becken oder Verletzungen des Beckens, insbesondere Stürze auf das Sakrum, aber auch unterschiedliche Traumata der unteren Extremität durch Zugkräfte zu einer Irritation der Beckengeflechte, aus der zahlreiche Beschwerden resultieren können. Der Beitrag beschreibt Tests und Techniken, um Restriktionen des Plexus...

Neben der anatomischen Betrachtung des Ösophagus im Allgemeinen, seinem Aufbau und seinen Nachbarschaftsbeziehungen, fokussiert der Vortrag auf den gastro-ösophagealen Übergang. Thematisiert werden der Hiatus ösophageus mit interessanten Aspekten zur Verankerung der unteren Speiseröhre im cruralen Diaphragma, sowie die Verschlussmechanismen des unt...

The calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor is a heterodimer of calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor-activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1). Despite the importance of CGRP in regulating gastrointestinal functions, nothing is known about the distribution and function of CLR/RAMP1 in the esophagus, where up to 90 % of spinal aff...

IGLEs represent the only low-threshold vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus. Previously, close relationships of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) immunopositive IGLEs and cholinergic varicosities suggestive for direct contacts were described in almost all mouse esophageal myenteric ganglia. Possible chol...

Background: IGLEs represent the only low-threshold vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus. Previously, close relationships of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) immunopositive IGLEs and cholinergic varicosities suggestive for direct contacts were described in almost all mouse esophageal myenteric ganglia....

A whiplash injury often causes a lower mobility within the thorax and in the area surrounding the oesophagus. This often results in a increasing traction in the area of the oesophageal hiatus, which can lead to many disorders. The article describes the anatomic basics of this region, the anatomy of the oesophagogastric junction, the lower oesophage...

The article describes a series of tests and techniques for diagnosis and treatment of restrictions of the thoracic oesophagus and dysfunctions in the area of the oesophagogastric junction.

Highly sensitive immunohistochemical detection systems such as tyramide signal amplification (TSA) are widely used, since they allow using two primary antibodies raised in the same species. Most of them are based on the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase system and include streptavidin-coupled secondary antibodies. Using TSA in cryostat-sectioned tissu...

Thorax hypomobility often causes various complaints or symptoms. Some effective direct techniques over fascial connections exist, that can provide an obvious therapy for lesions that are persistent over a long period of time. These techniques detach adhesions within the thorax. A firm fixation of the parietal pleura is a precondition for moving the...

The consequence of presence versus absence of mucosal neurons is not consistently assessed. Here, we addressed two questions. First, based on resected gut specimens of 65 patients/body donors suffering from different diseases, counts of mucosal neurons per mm(2) were analysed with respect to age, gender and region. Second, we evaluated resected meg...

Proline-rich synapse-associated protein-1 and 2 (ProSAP1/Shank2 and ProSAP2/Shank3) were originally found as synapse-associated protein 90/postsynaptic density protein-95-associated protein (SAPAP)/guanylate-kinase-associated protein (GKAP) interaction partners and also isolated from synaptic junctional protein preparations of rat brain. They are e...

Important physiological functions of neurotrophins (NTs) in airways and lungs are the early development, differentiation and maintenance of peripheral sensory neurons. The main pulmonary sensory innervation is of vagal origin, with several nerve fibre populations that selectively contact complex morphologically well-characterized receptor end-organ...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the major vagal afferent terminals throughout the gut. Electrophysiological experiments revealed a modulatory role of ATP in the IGLE-mechanotransduction process and the P2X(2)-receptor has been described in IGLEs of mouse, rat and guinea pig. Another purinoceptor, the P2X(3)-receptor, was found in...

In rat and mouse esophagus, vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) has been demonstrated to identify vagal intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs); this has recently also been shown for VGLUT1 in rat esophagus. In this study, we have investigated the distribution of VGLUT1 in the mouse esophagus and compared these results with the recently publ...

Glutamate has been identified as the main transmitter of primary afferent neurons. This was established based on biochemical, electrophysiological, and immunohistochemical data from studies on glutamatergic receptors and their agonists/antagonists. The availability of specific antibodies directed against glutamate and, more recently, vesicular glut...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) are the most frequent vagal afferent endings in the gut and contain the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) in both rat and mouse esoph-agus (Raab & Neuhuber, 2003; Raab & Neuhuber, 2004). They represent one important though not the only source of glutamate in myenteric ganglia since enteric neurons as...

Encouraged by the recent finding of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) immunoreactivity (-ir) in intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) of the rat esophagus, we investigated also the distribution and co-localization patterns of VGLUT1. Confocal imaging revealed substantial co-localization of VGLUT1-ir with selective markers of IGLEs, i.e.,...

Understanding the innervation of the esophagus is a prerequisite for successful treatment of a variety of disorders, e.g., dysphagia, achalasia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and non-cardiac chest pain. Although, at first glance, functions of the esophagus are relatively simple, their neuronal control is considerably complex. Vagal motor n...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the only vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus. Two specific markers for IGLEs were recently described in mouse: the purinergic P2 x 2 receptor and the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2). This study aimed at comparing both markers with respect to their suit...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the only vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus and may be involved in local reflex control. We recently detected extensive though not complete colocalization of the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) with markers for IGLEs. To elucidate this colocalization...

Glutamate, the major excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system, has been speculated for years to influence mammalian motor endplates but trials to identify glutamatergic motor terminals failed because specific markers were not available. Recently, antibodies to vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) opened new possibilities for furthe...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the only vagal mechanosensory terminals in the tunica muscularis of the esophagus which is entirely striated in rodents. Ultrastructural investigations revealed synaptic contacts of IGLEs onto myenteric neurons (Neuhuber 1987), suggesting the possibility of synaptic influence. Part of these myenteri...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent major vagal afferent structures throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Both morphological and functional data suggested a mechanosensory role. Elucidation of their functional significance in a particular organ would be facilitated by the availability of animal models with significantly altered numbe...

Intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) represent the major vagal afferent structures throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Previous ultrastructural investigations have revealed synaptic contacts of IGLEs on myenteric neurons. Thus, in addtion to functioning probably as mechanosensors, IGLEs may also synaptically influence myenteric neurons. In se...

We report a case of ligation of the splenic artery with splenectomy during pregnancy due to a splenic artery aneurysm. The risk of aneurysmal rupture is increased in multipara and during pregnancy. As a result of high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality elective surgery should be performed.

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is essential for the development of proprioceptive spinal afferents and for some types of cutaneous mechanosensors (Airaksinen et al. 1996; Fariñas et al. 1999). The neurotrophin dependence of vagal afferents is not yet well understood. Intraganglionic lami-nar endings (IGLEs), the most frequent vagal afferent endings in the g...

The rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm during pregnancy has been reported. In this particular case uterine rupture was suspected; however, an aneurysm was diagnosed after cesarean delivery. After resection of the aneurysm, splenic artery revascularization was performed by reanastomosis. In conclusion, early diagnosis and 2-stage rupture increase...

[Mikrofiche-Ausg.]. Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Diss., 1998.