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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (117)
PurposeDespite the urgency regarding increasing rates of obesity and chronic diseases in the Caribbean, few studies described the nutrition transition. We aimed to provide such information by identifying dietary patterns in the French West Indies and their characteristics.Methods
This cross-sectional analysis included 1144 Guadeloupeans and Martini...
In the last 40 years Tunisia has experienced – as many other developing and emerging countries – a dietary transition, which led to an increase in the consumption of sugar, fats and animal products. This transition was accompanied by an increase in non‐communicable diseases and particularly in cardio‐vascular diseases. Using mathematical programmin...
Tunisia is a typical country of the Mediterranean region where high prevalence of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases co-exist with some micronutrient deficiencies, and diet-related environmental issues must be addressed. Individual food choices may influence both health and environment. The aim of this study was to identify diets tha...
Les problèmes actuels de santé publique et d’environnement nécessitent d’identifier des changements de régimes qui améliorent la qualité nutritionnelle et réduisent l’impact environnemental de notre alimentation. Une approche d’optimisation de l’alimentation a été utilisée pour déterminer si la prise en compte de la biodisponibilité des nutriments...
Background
Organic food consumption has steadily increased over the past decade in westernized countries.
Objective
The aim of this study, based on observational data, was to compare some sustainability features of diets from consumers with varying levels of organic food.
Methods
The diet sustainability among 29,210 participants of the NutriNet-S...
The need to reconnect agriculture, environment, food, and health when addressing agrifood system transitions is widely acknowledged. However, most analytical frameworks, especially in the expanding literature about “system approaches”, rely on impact-based approaches and, thus, tend to overlook ecological processes as well as social ones. This arti...
Background
Meta-analyses have compared the nutrient content of both organic and non-organic foods. However, the impacts of such variations on human nutritional biomarkers still need to be assessed.Objective
In a nested clinical study from the NutriNet-Santé study, we aimed to compare the nutritional status of “organic” and “non-organic” food consum...
Pulses display nutritional benefits and are recommended in sustainable diets. Indeed, they are rich in proteins and fibers, and can contain variable amounts of micronutrients. However, pulses also contain bioactive compounds such as phytates, saponins, or polyphenols/tannins that can exhibit ambivalent nutritional properties depending on their amou...
The Organic market, cultivated surfaces and numbers of operators are growing fast (though surfaces grow more slowly). Organic products are based on agricultural and processing practices that avoid chemicals and that emphasize mechanical and biological operation. A strict regulation and independent certification bodies oversee those practices and th...
Mediterranean countries are undergoing dietary and nutritional changes that affect their inhabitants' health, while facing massive environmental challenges. The increasing demand of water in agriculture, the capacity to maintain local food production, and the growing dependence on food imports are interconnected issues that must be addressed to ens...
Résumé
Le marché, les surfaces (plus lentement) et le nombre d’opérateurs Bio sont en forte croissance. Les produits Bio sont issus de pratiques agricoles et de transformation évitant les intrants chimiques et privilégiant les interventions mécaniques ou biologiques. Ces pratiques, tout comme la commercialisation, sont strictement encadrées par une...
Background
Reducing the consumption of meat and other animal-based products is widely advocated to improve the sustainability of diets in high-income countries. However, such reduction may impair nutritional adequacy, since the bioavailability of key nutrients is higher when they come from animal- vs plant-based foods. Meat reduction may also affec...
Values of energy and nutritional constraints applied in the models.
(PDF)
Co-production constraints calculations.
(PDF)
Food groups and food subgroups quantities in g/d (in kcal/d) for the observed diet (OBS) and the three-modeled diets (NE, NEB, NEB-CP), by gender.
(PDF)
Purpose of review:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. MetS prevalence has been associated with diet inadequacy. Conversely, the cumulative incidence of MetS has been inversely associated with a Mediterranean-style diet that includes many different health-ben...
Les pratiques et motivations des consommateurs se diversifient mais les profils intégrant les modes agricoles sont peu documentés. Les consommations (bio et non bio) ont été évaluées chez 28 245 individus de l’étude NutriNet-Santé. Des scores de motivations d’achats ont été calculés pour 9 dimensions. Une analyse typologique a permis d’identifier 5...
The purpose of this study was to examine food choice motives associated with various organic and conventional dietary patterns among 22,366 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study. Dietary intakes were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Food choice motives were assessed using a validated 63-item-questionnaire gathered into nine food c...
This study was carried out to assess the impact of heat processing of a complex emulsion on the behavior of fat soluble micronutrients (FSM) in a traditional Tunisian dish. A simplified recipe involved, dried mucilage-rich jute leaves, tomato paste and olive oil, followed by a cooking treatment (150 min). Hydrothermal pattern and viscosity were mon...
Background and objectives:
Ensuring food security requires to promote sustainable diets, defined as nutritionally adequate, culturally acceptable, economically affordable and with low environmental impact. Nutritional adequacy depends on nutrients intake and bioavailability, which strongly varies with nutrients source (plant- or animal-origin). The...
Objective:
To assess the compatibility between reduction of diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and nutritional adequacy, acceptability and affordability dimensions of diet sustainability.
Design:
Dietary intake, nutritional composition, GHGE and prices were combined for 402 foods selected among those most consumed by participants of th...
Cette étude a pour but d’étudier l’effet d’un processus de cuisson sur la qualité nutritionnelle d’un plat traditionnel tunisien appelé Mloukhya en utilisant un système de profilage nutritionnel. Ce plat a été choisi pour sa grande richesse en micronutriments et pour sa cuisson très longue pour le rendre palatable. L’objectif est d’évaluer non seul...
Objective: to assess, using linear programming, whether a nutritionally adequate diet would be compatible with food safety recommendations.
L’adéquation nutritionnelle, dimension clé de l’alimentation durable, dépend de la quantité totale de nutriments consommés mais également de leur biodisponibilité (i.e. la proportion d’un nutriment consommé qui peut effectivement être absorbée et utilisée par l’organisme). Les recommandations nutritionnelles sont basées sur une estimation moyenne d...
Identification of the most appropriate levels of bioavailability for iron, zinc, protein and vitamin A by levels of animal products consumption in the French context, based on estimates derived from real self-selected individual diets.
Ensuring food security requires to promote sustainable diets, namely nutritionally adequate, culturally acceptable, economically affordable and with low environmental impact, in the various contexts of industrialized and developing countries. Through different projects based on modeling or intervention studies, our team aims to optimize food consum...
Scavenger receptors like CD36 and SR-BI play a debated role in lipid transport across the intestinal brush border membrane. We used surface plasmon resonance to analyze real-time interactions between the extracellular protein loops (l) and various ligands ranging from single lipid molecules to mixed micelles. Micelles mimicking physiological struct...
Prospective studies reported an inverse correlation between 25 hydroxy-vitamin D plasma levels and prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, 25 hydroxy-vitamin D status may be a determinant of obesity onset. However, the causality between these observations is not yet established. We studied the preventive effect of vitamin D3 supplem...
A strong association between obesity and low plasma concentrations of vitamins has been widely reported; however, the causality of this relationship is still not established. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of a multivitamin restriction diet (MRD) on body weight, adiposity and glucose homeostasis in mice. The mice were given a standard diet or...
The health benefit of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could be attributed to the presence of a large diversity of phytochemicals, including carotenoids. Bioactivities of carotenoids greatly depend on their bioavailability that could be modulated by the presence of other dietary constituents. Because citrus juices contain diverse antioxidant ph...
We have developed an innovative soluble galenic form to overcome the low absorption of trans-Resveratrol (t-Res) as a dry powder. We present here data on pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and toxicity of t-Res in human volunteers treated with this soluble form, plus additional data on biological effects in rodents. Fifteen healthy volunteers of bo...
Obesity is strongly associated with low-grade inflammation, notably due to an overproduction of proinflammatory markers by adipose tissue and adipocytes as well as a vitamin D deficiency. Whether these problems are interrelated has not been clearly established.
In the present report, decreases in the levels of inflammatory markers such as IL-6, MCP...
Purpose:
Consumption of phytosterols is a nutritional strategy to reduce cholesterol absorption, but the efficacy of various phytosterol intake modalities remains uncertain. The main objective was to investigate the effects of phytosterol esters (PE) provided either as a spread (dispersed in fat) during a mixed meal or as a minidrink (micro-disper...
Purpose
Red yeast rice (RYR), sugar cane-derived policosanols (SCdP) and artichoke leaf extracts (ALEs) are currently incorporated alone or in combination into dietary supplements for their potential low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol)-lowering effects. Yet, there is no information supporting the efficacy of this association on th...
Adequate vitamin D status is necessary and beneficial for health, although deficiency and insufficiency are very common. As cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3) ) structure is close to cholesterol structure, we hypothesized that phytosterols, frequently used to decrease cholesterol, intestinal absorption and consequently to reduce hypercholesterolemia, ma...
LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction may be achieved by various types of prudent diets, but their effects on surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis have not been well studied in humans. We aimed to assess whether the extent of cholesterol absorption or synthesis, and cholesterol concentrations, are modified in adults when they shift...
Phytosterols (plant sterols and stanols) can lower intestinal cholesterol absorption, but the complex dynamics of the lipid digestion process in the presence of phytosterol esters (PEs) are not fully understood. We performed a clinical experiment in intubated healthy subjects to study the time course of changes in the distribution of all lipid moie...
We previously showed that blood serum induced cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) monooxygenase expression in vitro.
Our purpose was (i) to identify the molecular mechanism involved and (ii) to characterize the inducer compound(s) in serum involved at least in part.
Serum was fractionated on hydrophobic columns. PPARα involvement was demonstrated by gene...
Obesity is associated with a low-grade inflammation which is correlated with an increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by adipose tissue, suspected to contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Because lycopene is mostly stored in adipose tissue and possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesize that lyco...
Obesity is associated with a low-grade inflammation which is correlated with an increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by adipose tissue, suspected to contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Because lycopene is mostly stored in adipose tissue and possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesize that lyco...
Polyphenols, provided by a diet rich in plant-derived products, represent a wide variety of diverse structures. Their beneficial effects have been for a long time attributed to their antioxidant properties that counteract oxidative damages associated with a range of age-related human pathologies. Even though polyphenols can act as antioxidants in t...
Nutrient-based recommendations are defined for populations, but the dietary choices needed to fulfill them at the individual level deserve further exploration.
The objective was to describe the dietary changes needed to achieve nutritional recommendations for each individual of a population.
An individual diet model was specifically developed for e...
Objective:
It has been substantiated that the onset of most major diseases (CVD, diabetes, obesity, cancers, etc.) is modulated by the interaction between genetic traits (susceptibility) and environmental factors, especially diet. We aim to report more specific observations relating the effects of Mediterranean-type diets on cardiovascular risk fa...
Adiponectin is a well-known adipokine secreted by adipocytes that presents insulin-sensitizing properties. The regulation of expression of this adipokine by micronutrients is largely unknown. We demonstrate here that adiponectin expression is induced in adipocytes after exposure to tocopherols via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamm...
Adipocyte dysfunction plays a major role in the outcome of obesity, insulin resistance and related cardiovascular complications. Thus, considerable efforts are underway in the pharmaceutical industry to find molecules that target the now well-documented pleiotropic functions of adipocyte. We previously reported that the dietary flavonoid phloretin...
Simultaneous dietary achievement of a comprehensive set of nutrient recommendations is difficult. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of achieving a set of 30 nutrient recommendations at the individual level and characterize factors associated with feasibility. Seven-day food records collected from adults participating in the French nationa...
Epidemiological studies have suggested that lycopene has protective effects against various diseases including cardiovascular diseases. However, mechanistic studies to understand these effects are difficult due to the insolubility of lycopene in aqueous culture medium. The objective of the present study was to use LDL or BSA as physiological vehicl...
Recent studies have focused on the ability of tocopherols to regulate gene expression. For such experiments, the methodology used to deliver molecules to the cells is crucial and could lead to different results depending on the vehicle used. The objective of the present study was to compare commonly used tocopherol vehicles (ethanol, BSA and mixed...
Plant sterols (phytosterols) are known to decrease plasma cholesterol, mainly the atherogenic LDL cholesterol. In an earlier study, the thermal stability of phytosterols in vegetable oils was reported. The aim of this present work was to investigate the potential effect of cooking (30min in boiling water), for eight plant products (broad bean, cele...
Version publiée de la synthèse du Rapport d'expertise de novembre 2007
Adipocyte dysfunction is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes. It is accepted that the regulation of adipogenesis or adipokines expression, notably adiponectin, is able to prevent these disorders. In this report, we show that phloretin, a dietary flavonoid, enhances 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation as...
(R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol is a fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin generally ingested with other dietary antioxidants. The objective of this study was to assess whether the main dietary antioxidant classes, that is carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C and gamma-tocopherol, affect the intestinal absorption of alpha-tocopherol. METHODS, DESIGN AND SUBJECTS...
The thermal degradation kinetics of vitamin C, two carotenoids (beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin), and hesperidin, as a function of temperature, were determined for Citrus juice [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck and Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan]. The influence of dissolved oxygen on the rate of ascorbic acid degradation was also assessed. Analysis...
Beta-Cryptoxanthin (beta-CX), a provitaminic carotenoid of potential interest for health, is found principally in Citrus fruit in both free and esterified forms. Little is known about the intestinal absorption of beta-CX especially with regard to the esterified forms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorption of free and esterified beta-...
Lutein is assumed to protect the human retina from blue light and oxidative stress and diminish the incidence of age-related macular degeneration. This antioxidant is commonly ingested with other dietary antioxidants. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the main dietary antioxidants, i.e. carotenoids, polyphenols and vitamins C and E...
The objective of this study was to create a French database on the polyphenol content of fruit and vegetables as uncooked fruits and vegetables and then to evaluate polyphenol intake through fruit and vegetable consumption in France. To achieve this, we used the Folin-Ciocalteu method adapted to fruit and vegetable polyphenol quantitation (1). Vege...
Phenolic compounds of shredded carrots were characterized and quantified by HPLC and their concentrations were measured during storage in air at 4°C. Trans 5′-caffeoylquinic acid amounted to 60% of total phenolic content and accumulated rapidly. Para-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic esters were not found in freshly prepared shredded carrots...
The flavonoids of sunflower honey were isolated and analyzed by different methods: RP-TLC, RP-HPLC/UV-Vis (diode array detection) using post-column derivatization, GC/SM. Five main compounds were identified as pinocembrin (5,7-dihydroxyflavanone), pinobank-sin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone), chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), gal-angin (3,5,7-trihydroxyf...
Chlorogenic acid content of four samples of shredded carrots was measured and related to their flavor stability during storage wrapped in oriented polypropylene film (OPP). Chlorogenic acid was quantified by HPLC/UV: Shredded carrots accumulated chlorogenic acid faster in OPP film. This appeared related to higher sensory quality retention during st...
The anti-Listeria monocytogenes effects of 8 phenolic compounds, carnosol, carnosic acid, 12-methoxy carnosic, ferulic and caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, luteolin and luteolin-7-glucoside were evaluated with a Plackett and Burman design in mixtures mimicking the phenolic composition of rosemary extract without essential oils. At 30°C carnosic acid...
Phytosterols can be of value in decreasing cardiovascular risk of coronary heart disease. β-Sitosterol was the most abundant sterol in the three oils studied (sunflower, olive and ‘4 oil mixture’). The total phytosterol level was the highest in the ‘4 oil mixture’ compared with the other oils studied. Tests performed on the effect of aging (heating...
Epidemiologic studies link Mediterranean-type diets to a low incidence of cardiovascular disease; however, few dietary intervention studies have been undertaken, especially in primary prevention.
In the Mediterranean Diet, Cardiovascular Risks and Gene Polymorphisms (Medi-RIVAGE) study, the effects of a Mediterranean-type diet (Med group) or a low-...
Oils obtained from seven chemotypes (thymol, linalool, geraniol, borneol, (E)-sabinene hydrate/terpinene-4-ol, p-cymene and carvacrol) of Thymus vulgaris (thyme) that exist in the South of France were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and characterised. Wild thyme growing in three departments (Bouches du Rhone, Var and Vauclu...
Naringin, the main flavanone of grapefruit, was reported to display numerous biological effects: antioxidant, hypocholesteremic, anti-atherogenic and favoring drug absorption. Naringin absorption mechanisms were studied in Caco-2 cells (TC7 clone). We investigated the possible involvement of several membrane transporters implicated in polyphenolic...
The carotenoid lutein is thought to play a role in the human eye and to protect against age-related macular degeneration. Lutein transport in the human intestine has not been characterized. We examined lutein transport processes using Caco-2 TC-7 monolayers as a model for human intestinal epithelium. Purified lutein was mixed with phospholipids, ly...
