Marie Jauffret-Roustide

French Institute of Health and Medical Research | Inserm · Centre d'etude des mouvements sociaux (CEMS) Paris

Cette synthèse présente les principaux résultats de la recherche « Crack en Île-de-France », fruit d’un partenariat entre l’OFDT et l’Inserm, dont l’objectif est de réaliser un état des lieux de la situation actuelle du crack en Île-de-France afin, notamment, d’améliorer la prise en charge des usagers et, plus globalement, la réponse des pouvoirs p...

Background: the concept of recovery capital refers to the sum of resources that a person has available to initiate and continue a recovery process. this concept has not been greatly explored with people with persistent substance use disorder (sUD), whose recovery is often quite long. Method: We conducted 19 qualitative interviews with 19 people (...

Background: While compliance with preventive measures remains central to limit the spread of COVID-19, these measures critically affected mental health of young adults. We therefore investigated the association between the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and depressive symptoms among young adults in Canada and France. Method...

Drawing on ethnographies of a public health programme called ‘safer injection education’ (where people inject drugs under the supervision of harm reduction providers), this article explores how the materialities of drug use (such as paraphernalia and space) intersect with habitual behaviours and expectations. The article compares the diverse accoun...

Repeated exposure to substances of abuse results in an increase in some behavioral responses. This phenomenon, called behavioral sensitization (BS), is well described in preclinical models However, its existence in humans is still a matter of debate. After a review of preclinical evidence of BS and its mechanisms in animal models, we reviewed the e...

Rurality has served as a key concept in popular and scientific understandings of the US overdose crisis, with White, rural, and low-income areas thought to be most heavily affected. However, we observe that overdose trends have risen nearly uniformly across the urban-rural designations employed in most research, implying that their importance has l...

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic likely impacted cannabis distribution, access and usage worldwide. This study aims to describe self-reported changes in cannabis use and related outcomes following COVID-19-related restrictions among an international sample of people who use drugs. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the Global Drug Survey COV...

Points Forts: » Les études disponibles montrent que les adolescents français se situent à la 2e place en Europe pour ce qui concerne leur consommation de cannabis, malgré une législation parmi les plus répressives d’Europe. » Les niveaux de consommation de cannabis ont tendance à baisser chez les jeunes depuis quelques années, tout comme ceux du...

Points forts » D’après les premiers constats épidémiologiques, dans les pays ou États où elle est effective, la légalisation du cannabis récréatif semble associée à une augmentation légère, mais relativement ubiquitaire, de la consommation de cannabis ainsi que de la prévalence de l’addiction au cannabis. » Les taux d’usage de l’alcool et du tabac...

This study aimed to describe and understand the links between musical activities (i.e. listening, playing, attending festive events, belonging to music-based communities) and the addictive trajectory of homeless young adults who experience problematic psychoactive substance (PS) use. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 15 hom...

Background To mitigate the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial resources, governments and family/friends mobilized financial support interventions (e.g., emergency aid funds) and assistance. However, little is known about how financial assistance alleviated mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the moderating eff...

Background: In France, people who inject drugs (PWID) are still one of the most at risk population for contracting hepatitis C virus (HCV). Drug consumption rooms (DCR) have shown their effectiveness on HCV risk behaviors abroad and in France, where they have been recently evaluated with the COSINUS study. In France, two DCRs opened in 2016, one i...

This study explores the impact of the pandemic on mental health and the strategies put in place to overcome these challenges, from the perspective of young adults who experience social precarity and PS use in Montreal. This collaborative study used a descriptive qualitative design. Ten semi-directed interviews were conducted with young adults aged...

While the COVID-19 pandemic impacted young adults’ alcohol use patterns, little is known about how changes in alcohol use may differ across different settings. Our objective was to identify and compare factors associated with changes in alcohol use among young adults in Canada and France during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted...

Background To mitigate the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial resources, governments provided financial support (e.g., emergency aid funds) as well as family via personal assistance. This study aims to assess the moderating effect of financial support from the government or from family on the association between income loss and d...

Background To encourage Covid-19 vaccination, France introduced during the Summer 2021 a ‘Sanitary Pass’, which morphed into a ‘Vaccine Pass’ in early 2022. While the sanitary pass led to an increase in Covid-19 vaccination rates, spatial heterogeneities in vaccination rates remained. To identify potential determinants of these heterogeneities and...

How do we question injection practices ? Methodological feedback from the field. This article takes a reflective look at the collection and production of quantitative data from so-called “hidden” and hard-to-reach populations concerning intravenous drug use. It is based on observations of 152 questionnaires administered during the multidisciplinary...

While young adults experienced mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, little is known about how their mental health needs were subsequently met through access to mental health services (MHS). From October to December 2020, we conducted an online survey of young adults (18-29 years) living in Canada and France to investigate factors...

Background The effectiveness of drug consumption rooms (DCRs) for people who inject drugs (PWID) has been demonstrated for HIV and hepatitis C virus risk practices, and access to care for substance use disorders. However, data on other health-related complications are scarce. Using data from the French COSINUS cohort, we investigated the impact of...

Drug consumption rooms (DCRs) have the potential to have a positive impact on the opioid overdose crisis. DCRs could also potentially change the political environment for public health because they can affect the distribution of responsibility for harm reduction between the individual and society by collectivizing responsibility for harm reduction...

Objectives. To determine how harm reduction should be applied in low-resource countries such as Vietnam by exploring the perspectives of people who use drugs (PWUD), health care professionals, and policymakers regarding methadone treatment and harm reduction strategies. Methods. We conducted 2 qualitative studies in Vietnam between 2016 and 2021....

Drug consumption rooms (DCRs) have the potential to have a positive impact on the opioid overdose crisis. DCRs could also potentially change the political environment for public health because they can affect the distribution of responsibility for harm reduction between the individual and society by collectivizing responsibility for harm reduction...

Background High rates of COVID-19 vaccination uptake are required to attain community immunity. This study aims to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uncertainty and refusal among young adults, an underexplored population with regards to vaccine intention generally, in two high-income settings: Canada and France. Methods A cross-sec...

Background Perception of treatment need (PTN), a component of clinical insight, is associated to negative addiction treatment outcomes when low. Our hypothesis was that lower PTN was associated with less craving when reported retrospectively, the most common measure of craving in clinical settings. Objective To explore the association between PTN...

Context To encourage Covid-19 vaccination, France introduced during the Summer 2021 a “Sanitary Pass,” which morphed into a “Vaccine Passe” in early 2022. While the Sanity Pass led to an increase in Covid-19 vaccination rates, spatial heterogeneities in vaccination rates remained. To identify potential determinants of these heterogeneities and eval...

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) are frequently incarcerated, which is associated with multiple negative health outcomes. Aim We aimed to estimate the associations between a history of incarceration and prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among PWID in Europe. Methods Aggregate data from PWID recruited in drug services (excluding prison...

Social work in prisons is linked to specific tasks regarding the care for the people who are incarcerated. A multi-country qualitative study was set up to explore drug users’ and professionals’ perceptions of continuity of care in prison and beyond. It has been pointed out that continuity of care is associated with different barriers, especially re...

Social work in prisons is linked to specific tasks regarding the care for the people who are incarcerated. A multi-country qualitative study was set up to explore drug users' and professionals' perceptions of continuity of care in prison and beyond. It has been pointed out that continuity of care is associated with different barriers, especially re...

The media have become objects of study and tools increasingly used by the humanities and social sciences. The discourses conveyed by the latter participate in shaping social representations, spatial representations and geographical imaginaries. This article has a double ambition: on the one hand, to present a tool and a method of analysis of the pr...

Purpose In November 2019, an open drug scene, commonly called “Colline du crack” and located in Paris was forcibly closed after 10 years of existence. This paper aims to understand how that space has evolved over the years to become a major hub for drug use. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a qualitative approach that included intervie...

Objective There exists no national French study on suicide attempts among people who use drugs (PWUD). Our objectives are to analyze lifetime suicide attempts in that population and to compare associated risks based on gender. Method The ANRS-Coquelicot study (2011–2013) conducted 1718 interviews with people over 18 who have injected or snorted a...

The forgotten of the pandemic Young adults are paying the heaviest price for the pandemic, in terms of social and economic consequences. This situation affects their mental health and their difficulties in accessing the services they need. Thus, the pandemic reveals social inequalities and weakens the already most vulnerable groups.

Background Prisoners report much higher prevalence rates of drug use and more harmful consumption patterns than the general population. People who use drugs have above-average experiences with the criminal justice system in general, and the prison system and subsequent release situations in particular. Release from prison is associated with increas...

Background People who inject drugs are subjected to great stigmatization in many parts of the world. How they deal with stigma is closely linked to how stigma means to them. Understanding the strategies individuals employ to cope with these negative attitudes and what resources they mobilize in this process gives useful insights for clinical work a...

https://theconversation.com/irresponsables-ego-stes-negligents-en-finir-avec-les-stereotypes-sur-les-jeunes-et-la-covid-19-150854

Consumption of Alcohol and Other Psychoactive Drugs during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Global Drug Survey: A French Perspective The Global Drug Survey is an online survey that aimed to explore the experience of people who use drugs in general population. This survey is conducted annually between November and December. This special Covid-19 compone...

Aim To examine differences in the psychometric characteristics of diagnostic criteria for Substance Use Disorders (SUD) between substance users in harm reduction settings (HR) and substance users seeking treatment (Tx). Methods Differential Item and Test Functioning (DIF & DTF) analysis were performed to examine differences in the difficulty of en...

https://theconversation.com/young-adults-unfairly-blamed-for-covid-19-spread-now-face-stress-and-uncertain-futures-150608

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) account for the majority of new cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Europe; however, HCV testing, and treatment for PWID remain suboptimal. With the advent of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a strategy to eliminate HCV as public health threat by 2030. To...

Background HIV, HBV and HCV infections continue to represent major health concerns, especially among key at-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWIDs), transgender women (TGW) and sex workers (SW). The objective of the ANRS-CUBE study was to evaluate the acceptability of a healthcare, community-based s...

La pandémie du SARS-CoV-2 a plongé la France dans 8 semaines de confinement généralisé. Cette situation a et aura un impact sur la santé psychologique de la population générale. Le but de cet article est d’étudier l’impact au-delà des aspects psychopathologiques, sur l’équilibre global du fonctionnement des individus. Durant le confinement, nous av...

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) account for the majority of new cases of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Europe, however HCV testing and treatment for PWID remain suboptimal. With the advent of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a strategy to eliminate HCV as public health threat by 2030. To a...

Background Prisoners report much higher prevalence rates of drug use and more harmful patterns of use than the general population [1]. People who use drugs have also an above-average experience with the criminal justice system in general, the prison system and the subsequent release situation in particular. Release from prison is associated with in...

Background: After the collapse of the Soviet Union at the beginning of the 1990s, people who inject drugs spiked in Eastern Europe. Facing local repression and an array of factors encouraging emigration, some users have migrated to France. This population now make up to a third of the patient list of some harm reduction services in Paris. This art...

This systematic review seeks to evaluate the efficacy of interventions aimed at preventing unintended pregnancies in women using psychoactive substances. Seven electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL database) were searched in October 2017. Twenty-two articles met our inclusion crite...

Background Stigma works to reinforce dominant social values. The meaning of stigma is therefore not static but dependant on the regime in power. Taking into account the significant socioeconomic changes that took place in Vietnam over the last thirty years, this study explores the meaning of stigma directed at Vietnamese people who inject drugs in...

https://easl.eu/event/the-digital-international-liver-congress-2020/

Background New hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments spurred the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016 to adopt a strategy to eliminate HCV as a public health threat by 2030. To achieve this, key policies must be implemented. In the absence of monitoring mechanisms, this study aims to assess the extent of policy implementation from the perspective o...

The objective of the ANRS-CUBE study was to evaluate the acceptability of an on-site rapid triple testing for HIV, HBV and HCV and the acceptability of a three-dose HBV vaccination proposal, among three different at-risk populations: MSM or bisexual, IDUs and TG/SW attending three community centers in the Paris area.

This article is part of a collective research project on the acceptability of harm reduction tools in prisons. After a description of the different stages of the ethnographic survey conducted at the Baumettes prison in Marseille, I examine the place given to harm reduction in prison. Introducing harm reduction tools implies acknowledging the existe...

Background In the last decade, European cities saw the development of “slamming,” a practice related to chemsex that combines three elements: a sexual context, psychostimulant drug use, and injection practices. Epidemiological data on this practice is still sparse and media attention might have unintentionally distorted the size of this phenomenon....

https://theconversation.com/les-villes-face-a-lusage-de-drogues-dans-lespace-public-quels-modeles-hors-de-nos-frontieres-133083

Poster 111 for the INHSU 2019 conference also part of the Wednesday afternoon poster tour in the social sciences stream.

For prisoners1 with a history of drug use, in particular opioid use, the risks related to drug use and especially overdose and death are extremely high in the immediate period after release due to high rates of relapse and lower opioid tolerance (Farrell and Marsden, 2008). Much still needs to be done in order to ensure that people with a severe hi...

For prisoners with a history of drug use, and particularly opioid use, the risks related to drug use and especially overdose and death are extremely high in the immediate period after release due to high rates of relapse and lower opioid tolerance (Farrell and Marsden, 2008; Merral et al. 2010; Pierce et al. 2016; Marsden et al. 2017). Much still n...

Background Over the last 20 years, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence has dramatically increased among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in many countries worldwide. It is suspected that this increase is primarily driven by sexual behaviours linked to blood exposure. Monitoring these behaviours is crucial to understand the driv...