Marie Grall-Bronnec

• M.D., Ph.D.
• Professor at Nantes Université

Background Short versions of health-related quality of life measures are essential for the development of preference-based measures used to obtain the quality-adjustment weights needed to calculate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) in health economic evaluations. Using data from the randomized TRAIN study, which compared the efficacy of two cogni...

Traitement du Trouble du Jeu Vidéo

Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the two primary phytocannabinoids found in cannabis. Its diverse pharmacological properties suggest potential benefits for a wide range of medical conditions. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of CBD use among patients being treated for substance use disorder. Additionally,...

Background In the context of the opioid overdose crisis, understanding the barriers to seeking, attaining and remaining in treatment for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) is a public health issue. To date, very few studies have assessed the “self-stigma” (i.e., the internalization of negative societal attitudes and stereotypes about oneself,...

Online gamblers are more likely to experience gambling problems. The main objective was to compare the frequency of recovery one (middle-term) and two (long-term) years after treatment initiation, according to the gambling medium (Internet vs. land-based gambling). The secondary objectives were (i) to compare online and offline gamblers at inclusio...

Background Opioid use disorder (OUD) poses a global health challenge, and despite medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and psychosocial interventions, relapse remains a significant concern. Comorbid psychiatric disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are one of the major factors associated with poor OUD treatment...

Background Although renal damage is increasingly reported among the most undernourished patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), it remains underestimated in current practice, and often associated with acute dehydration. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the frequency, the extent, and the risk factors of renal involvement among adolescents and a...

Le craving est reconnu comme un facteur clé dans le pronostic des addictions et des troubles alimentaires selon la littérature récente et la cinquième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux. Malgré de nombreuses recherches, les théories ne parviennent pas à présenter les différents aspects du craving et à les relier entr...

Background and aims Pre-clinical studies suggest that the simultaneous blockade of the α1b and 5HT2A receptors may be effective in reducing alcohol consumption. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of prazosin (α1b blocker) and cyproheptadine (5HT2A blocker) combination in decreasing total alcohol consumption (TAC) in alcohol use diso...

Background Chronic use of cannabis is associated with an increased risk of psychosocial, mental and physical health impairments. Sociohealth institutions reach a very limited proportion of cannabis users in need of treatment. Using data collected from festival attendees, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dependent cannabis users and to...

Background and aims While the concept of recovery is receiving increasing attention in the context of gambling disorder (GD), no consensus has yet been reached regarding its definition. This scoping review aims to map the literature on GD recovery, identify gaps, and provide insights for a more holistic and patient-centred perspective. Methods A s...

Background In many countries, nitrous oxide is used in a gas mixture (EMONO) for short-term analgesia. Cases of addiction, with significant misuse, have been reported in hospitalized patients. Patients suffering from sickle cell disease (SCD) could represent a high-risk population for substance use disorder (SUD) due to their significant pain crisi...

Objective A large body of literature has examined the links between the use of dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the development of “impulsive-compulsive behaviors (ICBs).” Little is known regarding the link between the development of ICBs and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We aimed to explore the factors t...

The purpose of the eSMILE study was to explore social cognition (SC) in the two behavioural addictions (BAs) included in international classifications: gaming disorder and gambling disorder. In these disorders, cognitive functioning is involved in the development and maintenance of addiction. Nevertheless, SC have received less attention than other...

Aims Despite recommendations to initiate clozapine after two unsuccessful trials of antipsychotics, clozapine is underprescribed and initiated too late. The aim of this study was to describe different antipsychotic treatment sequences in the 36 months before the initiation of clozapine and to characterize clusters of treatment trajectories. Method...

Playing video games is associated with cognitive changes and possibly psychosocial difficulties. Problematic gaming occurs upon the loss of control over videogame playing; gaming disorder is considered a behavioral addiction in the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases. Models used to understand behavioral addictions include...

Objective Subjective experience of people living with bipolar disorder is gaining attention in the field of research. Improving well-being could be as important as symptom remission, but this constitutes a vague concept. This study aimed at exploring the boundaries and the determinants of the well-being of people living with bipolar disorder in a F...

Despite similarities between compulsive sexual disorder and substance use disorder, the issue whether problematic sexual behavior should be viewed within an addiction framework continues to be a subject of debate with no consensus regarding its conceptualization and diagnosis criteria. Examining the presence of addiction criteria among clinical and...

Aim: EMONO is an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide. Studies investigating its anxiolytic effect mostly used behavioral scales for assessing anxiolysis in children during dental care. Observing this effect objectively in a pediatric population could be very interesting. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective uncontrolled monoc...

Introduction: Since the first description of sex addiction (SA) by Carnes, research on this problematic behaviour has continued to grow, and the association with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) appears to be frequent. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of a history of probable ADHD in a population of patients with SA and to...

Background Illicit substance use has constantly evolved over the years, particularly in the party scene. Monitoring these changes is essential to adapt harm reduction strategies. The OCTOPUS survey was implemented to enhance knowledge on drug use at music festivals. The objective of the work presented here was to describe drug use and to characteri...

Background Therapeutic patient education (TPE) programs are psycho-educational treatments suggested for all chronic diseases. For several years, these programs have been developing for people living with bipolar disorder. However, to date, only few qualitative studies have explored the experience of caregivers. We wanted to explore the experience o...

Background: Slamming has been increasing internationally for ten years, mostly among men who have sex with men. Slamming consists of injecting psychostimulants (including new psychoactive substances-NPS) intravenously to increase sexual performance. Objective: The objective of our work was to analyse drug-drug interactions related to slamming....

Abstarct: PURPOSE: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe chronic disorder and parents' experience of caregiving is usually marked by emotional distress and burden. Severe chronic psychiatric disorders are known to be linked with the concept of grief. Grief has not been investigated in AN. The aim of this study was to explore parents' and adolescents'...

Background: In recent years, many studies have explored the associations among impulsivity, history of abuse, the emergence of eating disorders with episodes of binge eating (EDBE) and their severity. Nevertheless, factors associated with successful clinical outcomes of EDBE are still unknown. Our study aimed to test the hypothesis that a history...

Background and aims This research aimed to characterize social information processing abilities in a population of regular nondisordered poker players compared to controls. Methods Participants completed the Posner cueing paradigm task including social cues (faces) to assess attention allocation towards social stimuli, including the effect of the...

The structural addictive characteristics of gambling products are important targets for prevention, but can be unintuitive to laypeople. In the PictoGRRed (Pictograms for Gambling Risk Reduction) study, we aimed to develop pictograms that illustrate the main addictive characteristics of gambling products and to assess their impact on identifying th...

Les troubles addictifs et de l’humeur sont fréquemment cooccurrents. Le trouble lié au jeu d’argent est ainsi souvent accompagné de troubles de l’humeur, notamment d’épisode dépressif majeur, de trouble bipolaire ou de comportement suicidaire. De nombreuses études ont observé leur association, évalué leur prévalence et leur chronologie d’apparition...

Background Few qualitative studies have explored the impact of group-based psychoeducation programs from the perspective of patients with bipolar disorder, and no studies to date have examined the effects of such programs on patients’ personal recovery. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a group therapeutic education program on the...

Background and aims: Gambling disorder is characterized by problematic gambling behavior that causes significant problems and distress. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for screening online problem gamblers based on players' account data. Methods: Two random samples of French online gamblers in skill-based (poker, hors...

Background: Impairment or distress caused by gambling disorder can be subjectively assessed via quality of life. The aim of this study was to develop a new patient-reported outcome instrument to explore the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in gambling disorders, the Gambling quality-of-life scale (GQoLS), and to document its psychometric pro...

Background and aims Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. First-line medications consist of drugs that act by counteracting dopamine deficiency in the basal ganglia. Unfortunately, iatrogenic impulsive-compulsive behaviors (ICBs) can occur in up to 20% of PD patients over the course of their illness. ICBs...

Background and aims Blaszczynski and Nower (2002) conceptualized their Pathways Model by postulating the existence of three subtypes of problem gamblers who share common characteristics, but also present specific ones. Methods This study investigated how the psychological mechanisms postulated in the Pathways Model predict clinical status in a sam...

Introduction Dual diagnosis (DD) is defined as the co-occurrence of at least a psychiatric disorder and at least an addictive disorder. Most studies about DD considered substance use disorders. In 2018, gaming disorder (GD) was recognized as a formal disorder and integrated into the category of addictive disorders in the 11th version of the Interna...

Personal recovery from psychiatric disorders is a journey toward a satisfying and hopeful life despite the possible persistence of symptoms. This concept has gained interest and become an increasingly important goal in mental health care programmes. Personal Recovery is well described in the context of severe mental illnesses in general, but little...

Background: To "limit the risk of abuse and misuse" and "encourage correct usage", the French drug regulatory authority stated that-from April 2017-zolpidem prescription must be performed on a secured prescription pad. This national study aims to evaluate the perception of general practitioners (GPs) towards this new regulation and its link with p...

Background The resurgence of heroin use and the misuse of pharmaceutical opioids are some of the reasons for a worldwide increase in opioid dependence. Opioid Medication Therapies (OMT) have amply demonstrated their efficacy. From a medical point of view, the main objectives of OMT concern medical and social outcomes, centred on risk reduction and...

PurposeMethods for response shift (RS) detection at the individual level could be of great interest when analyzing changes in patient-reported outcome data. Guttman errors (GEs), which measure discrepancies in respondents’ answers compared to the average sample responses, might be useful for detecting RS at the individual level between two time poi...

The article describes the diverse modalities of inpatient care for anorexia nervosa in France (11 specialized centers). The impact of this diversity on patient outcome will be studied as a result of this work.

Background and aims Since June 2018, gaming disorder (GD) has been recognized as a disease. It is frequently associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as there are common vulnerability factors and bidirectional interactions between the two disorders. This study aims to evaluate the presence of ADHD symptoms and predictive fac...

Objectives: Depression as well as a treatment by antidepressant are factors that may interfere with sexuality. Due to this complex relationship between depression, antidepressant and sexuality, it is difficult to incontestably establish the exclusive accountability of a treatment or of a psychiatric disorder on sexual dysfunctions. The main purpos...

Résumé Le recours à l’hospitalisation dans l’anorexie mentale se fait dans des situations extrêmes dont les critères sont codifiés internationalement et nationalement. Néanmoins il existe sur le terrain de multiples modalités d’application de ces principes. Aucun travail n’a été réalisé afin d’évaluer si les différentes modalités de prise en charge...

Aims To estimate whether the use of wagering inducements has a significant impact on the gambling behaviors of online gamblers and describe this temporal relation under naturalistic conditions. Design This longitudinal observational study is part of the second stage of the Screening for Excessive Gambling Behaviors on the Internet (EDEIN) research...

Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with binge eating (BE), food addiction (FA), and obesity/higher BMI in individuals without alcohol use disorder (AUD). ADHD is highly prevalent in patients with AUD, but it is unknown whether the presence of comorbid AUD might change the nature of the association between ADH...

Background: Many features of Internet gambling may impact problem severity, particularly for vulnerable populations (availability, anonymity, a convenience and ease of play, digital forms of payment, and a higher level of immersion). To prevent the risks associated with excessive gambling and to inform gamblers, we need responsible gambling strateg...

Introduction Only two behavioral addictions (BAs) are currently recognized in international classifications (gambling disorder: GbD; gaming disorder: GmD), while some of them await further investigation (food addiction: FA; sexual addiction: SA). Neurocognitive functioning is considered a risk factor for BAs. Research is quite abundant for GbD and...

Aims Negative and Positive urgency are emotion-related impulsivity traits that are thought to be transdiagnostic factors in psychopathology. However, it has recently been claimed that these two traits are closely related to each other and that considering them separately might have limited conceptual and methodological value. The present study aime...

Background The inherent risk of drug-induced agranulocytosis associated with the prescription of clozapine requires the realization of weekly white blood cell monitoring (WBCM) during the 18 first weeks of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the compliance with WBCM during clozapine initiation for schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease (P...

PurposeThe cognitive profiles of patients suffering from anorexia nervosa (AN) are currently explored as potential facilitating and/or maintenance factors. Specific data in restrictive AN (AN-R) remain contradictory. This study focused on women with AN-R to evaluate their cognitive functions to develop a more specific cognitive remediation program....

Introduction Les jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA) sont de plus en plus pratiqués sur Internet. Certaines personnes développent des comportements de jeu excessifs impactant significativement la vie quotidienne (dépendance, isolement, endettement, stress, etc.). Dans le même temps, les nombreuses données stockées par les opérateurs de jeu en ligne of...

Introduction La clozapine est le traitement de référence des schizophrénies (SZ) résistantes et le seul antipsychotique autorisé dans la maladie de parkinson (MP) [1], [2]. Le risque d’agranulocytose médicamenteuse auquel la prescription de clozapine est associée [3] impose la réalisation hebdomadaire de numération formule sanguine (NFS) pendant le...

Objective Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex disease in which obsessive thoughts about body image, shape, or weight are expressed. The intensity of these concerns varies among individuals, and only a few studies have focused on their impact on patients’ clinical course when patients are treated on an outpatient basis. Our study aimed to determine w...

Background Social communication disorder (SCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that includes communication difficulties. Literature linking SCD and addictions is scarce, and there are only a few case reports regarding the co-occurrence of addiction and autism disorder spectrum, and only one of them addressed behavioural addictions. Case presentat...

Background: Slamming has been developing since 2011 as a new international phenomenon, mostly among men who have sex with men (MSM). It consists of intravenous drug injection before or during planned sexual activity to sustain, enhance, disinhibit, or facilitate the experience. We aimed to synthesize the available published evidence through a syst...

Background Alcohol use is a major public health challenge in France, where at the age of 17 half the young people report an episode of severe alcohol intoxication in the month preceding the survey. Numerous prevention programmes have a general objective, but in adolescence individual vulnerabilities towards addictions differ significantly with pers...

Background and aims: Few studies have been conducted on the long-term evolution of gambling disorder (GD). The aim of this study was to identify factors that could predict GD relapse. Methods: Data were part of a dataset from a large 5-year cohort of gamblers who were assessed at inclusion and each year thereafter. Participants were recruited fr...

Old age constitutes a vulnerable stage for developing gambling-related problems. The aims of the study were to identify patterns of gambling habits in elderly participants from the general population, and to assess socio-demographic and clinical variables related to the severity of the gambling behaviours. The sample included N = 361 participants a...

(1) Summary: Many studies have evaluated the association between traditional media exposure and the presence of body dissatisfaction and body image disorders. The last decade has borne witness to the rise of social media, predominantly used by teenagers and young adults. This study’s main objective was to investigate the association between how oft...

Background: Serious games have shown positive results in increasing motivation, adherence to treatment and strengthening the therapeutic alliance in multiple psychiatric disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders and other disorders in which the patient suffers from inhibitory control deficits (e.g., behavioral addictions) ha...

Introduction La consommation de substances psychoactives est très fréquente dans les festivals de musique avec une apparition récente de nombreuses nouvelles substances. Cependant, la consommation de substances chez les participants à des festivals de musique est encore peu connue car ces derniers ne consultent que rarement les structures de soins....

(1) Background: Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) remains a public health challenge around the world. Opioids (PO) have been increasingly used in the treatment of CNCP in the last 20 years. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of opioid misuse and prescribed-opioid use disorder (p-OUD) among patients with CNCP in a pain centre in France, and to a...

(1) Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a complex condition that can require long-term treatment. Pharmacological therapy for OUD involves treatment with opioid agonists (OMT) tailored to individual profiles. The aim of our study in daily clinical practice was to compare the profiles of patients treated with methadone (MTD) and those using bup...

Purpose: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and related drugs (Z-drugs) are mainly taken chronically, and older people are much more likely to take them on a chronic basis despite recommendations. Withdrawal symptoms could be an obstacle to stopping BZD/Z-drug administration. The main objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of withdrawal symptom...

Résumé Les anomalies des paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques sont nombreuses et fréquentes au cours de l’anorexie mentale, et principalement liées à la dénutrition chronique, à l’amaigrissement, ainsi qu’aux conduites purgatives compensatoires. Elles sont le plus souvent modérées et réversibles par une réhabilitation nutritionnelle et pondéra...

Background and aims Following the recognition of ‘internet gaming disorder’ (IGD) as a condition requiring further study by the DSM‐5, ‘gaming disorder’ (GD) was officially included as a diagnostic entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11). However, the proposed d...

Introduction: The influence of marketing on addictive behaviours has been studied among tobacco and alcohol users. Although the fashion industry is highly influenced by marketing, research has poorly studied vulnerability to fashion marketing as a factor related to buying-shopping disorder (BSD) while considering psychological characteristics (buy...

Background Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) are among the most prevalent mental disorders in the world. They are the leading risk factor for premature mortality and disability among 15 to 49-year-olds. Links between alcohol marketing and patterns of alcohol consumption are well defined in adolescents but there is few data on the impact of alcohol market...

Older subjects are susceptible to develop gambling problems, and researchers have attempted to assess the mechanisms underlying the gambling profile in later life. The objective of this study was to identify the main stressful life events (SLE) across the lifespan which have discriminative capacity for detecting the presence of gambling disorder (G...

Wagering inducements are part of loyalty/reward programs implemented by online gambling operators to retain or attract consumers. They constitute incentives to bet that are offered to gamblers provided that they perform certain betting-related activities. They are often considered risk factors for gambling problems, but studies exploring the actual...

Points essentiels Le syndrome d’hyperémèse cannabinoïde se caractérise par une triade diagnostique : usage chronique de cannabis, troubles digestifs (nausées, vomissements cycliques et douleurs abdominales) et comportement compulsif de prise de bains ou douches chaudes. Il n’existe aucune recommandation pour la prise en charge du syndrome d’hyperém...

Participation in gambling is rising in older adults. Indeed, in the coming years, engagement in gambling as a social activity is expected to increase more sharply in the elderly than in any other age group. Due to their exposure to powerful age-specific risk factors such as isolation, inactivity and failing health, older people are highly vulnerabl...

Benzodiazepines and related drugs (BZD/Z) are used longer than recommended in the elderly population. However, to date, very few attempts have been made to evaluate dependence on BDZ/Z among the elderly population. We conducted a national multicentric observational prospective study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of and risk factors for depende...

Background “Slam” has emerged since 2008 as a new international phenomenon among men who have sex with men (MSM); it consists of the intravenous injection of drugs before or during planned sexual activity. The practice of slam is associated with the use of psychostimulants, including synthetic cathinones. Methods All spontaneous notifications (Not...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent among patients hospitalized for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hospitalization can improve PTSD and AUD outcomes in some but not all patients, but we lack data on the baseline predictors of PTSD non-remission. This study aimed to determine the baseline risk factors for non-remitted PTSD in p...

The concept of “food addiction” (FA) has aroused much focus because of evidence for similarities between overeating and substance use disorders (SUDs). However, few studies have explored this concept among the broad spectrum of eating disorders (ED), especially in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to assess FA prevalence in ED female patients...

Background and aims Strategic games, such as poker, require gamblers to develop several skills to perform better than others and to expect a potential gain. Players must remain as unpredictable and unreadable as possible by inhibiting the expression of their emotions in response to both good and bad poker events. The aim of the present study was to...

The use of instruments originally developed for measuring gambling activity in younger populations may not be appropriate in older age individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of problematic and disordered gambling in seniors aged 50 or over, and study the reliability and validity properties of the SOGS (a screening measure to...

In view of the growing interest regarding binge-watching (i.e., watching multiple episodes of television (TV) series in a single sitting) research, two measures were developed and validated to assess binge-watching involvement (“Binge-Watching Engagement and Symptoms Questionnaire”, BWESQ) and related motivations (“Watching TV Series Motives Questi...

Hypersexuality is a well-known adverse side effect of dopamine replacement therapy (DRT), and anti-craving drugs could be an effective therapeutic option. Our aim was to update the knowledge on this issue, particularly on the influence of an Opioid Receptor Mu 1 (OPRM1) genetic polymorphism. A systematic review was conducted according to the Prefer...

Our objective was to identify meaningful subgroups of buyers based on psychological risk factors for compulsive buying. A community sample of 242 adult women fulfilled an online survey exploring buying habits and motives, impulsivity, self-esteem, and severity of compulsive buying. A latent class cluster analysis was performed. A nonproblematic clu...

Objectives: Benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (or Z-drugs) (BZD/Z) are widely prescribed for older patients despite major side effects and risks when chronically used. The patient's understanding of the treatment is one of the keys to good adherence. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge of BZD/Z treatment among older...

Background. The marketing of alcohol influences patterns of alcohol consumption. Existing studies have focused, for the most part, on adolescents and the links between exposure to marketing and alcohol initiation. In France, the Evin law, a French exception, was set up in 1991 with the aim of regulating this exposure to marketing, but since 2009 it...

Background: Internet gamblers may be at risk for excessive gambling, but internet gambling also provides a unique opportunity to monitor gambling behavior in real environments and intervene early with those who encounter difficulties. Objective: The objective of the present study was to model the early gambling trajectories of online lottery gam...