Marie-Christine Simon

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• RD, MSc, Ph.D.
• Juniorprofessor at University of Bonn

Current treatment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) remains symptomatic, and disease-modifying approaches are urgently required. A promising approach is to modify intestinal microbiota and key metabolites of bacterial fermentation: short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are decreased in PD. A prospective, controlled pilot study (DRKS00034528) was conducte...

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected multiple aspects of people’s lives, which may also influence the results of studies conducted during this period across diverse research domains. This particularly includes the field of nutritional science, investigating the gut microbiota as a potential mediator in the associatio...

Impulsivity and higher preference for sooner over later rewards (i.e., delay discounting) are transdiagnostic markers of many psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Yet, their neurobiological basis is still debated. Here, we aimed at 1) identifying a structural MRI signature of delay discounting in healthy adults, and 2) validating it in pati...

Impulsivity and higher preference for sooner over later rewards (i.e., delay discounting) are transdiagnostic markers of many psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Yet, their neurobiological basis is still debated. Here, we aimed at 1) identifying a structural MRI signature of delay discounting in healthy adults, and 2) validating it in pati...

Despite extensive research, current treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD) remains symptomatic and disease modifying approaches are urgently required. A promising approach is to target the gut-brain-axis by modifying the intestinal microbiota and the herein produced metabolites. We decided to test this approach by modifying key metabolites of bacter...

Insufficient dietary fiber intake can negatively affect the intestinal microbiome and, over time, may result in gut dysbiosis, thus potentially harming overall health. This randomized controlled trial aimed to improve the gut microbiome of individuals with low dietary fiber intake (<25 g/day) during a 7-week synbiotic intervention. The metabolicall...

Submerged cultivation using low-value agro-industrial side streams allows large-scale and efficient production of fungal mycelia, which has a high nutritional value. As the dietary properties of fungal mycelia in poultry are largely unknown, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of feeding a Pleurotus sapidus (PSA) mycelium as a feed su...

There is increasing evidence for the role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of socio-affective behavior in animals and clinical conditions. However, whether and how the composition of the gut microbiome may influence social decision-making in health remains unknown. Here, we tested the causal effects of a 7-week synbiotic (vs. placebo) dietar...

Synbiotics modulate the gut microbiome and contribute to the prevention of liver diseases such as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded seven-week intervention trial on the liver metabolism in 117 metabolically healthy male participan...

Oats have various positive effects on human health, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To determine the oat-microbiome-host interactions that contribute to metabolic improvements, we conducted a randomized, short-term dietary intervention with high-dose oat intake in individuals with metabolic syndrome (DRKS00022169). Thirty-tw...

Oats have various positive effects on human health, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To identify oat-microbiome-host interactions that contribute to metabolic improvements, we conducted two randomized controlled dietary interventions in individuals with metabolic syndrome, comparing a short-term, high-dose and a six-week, mod...

Despite the existence of a number of studies investigating the effect of insect meal on the growth performance of broilers, knowledge about the metabolic effects of insect meal in broilers is still scarce. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal with Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae meal on the liver tran...

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. Previous studies have shown differences in glucose metabolism between males and females. Moreover, difficulties in medication adherence have been reported in females with type 2 diabetes. These observations are believed to be caused by fluctuations in sex hormone concentr...

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a gastrointestinal peptide and central mediator of glucose metabolism, is secreted by L cells in the intestine in response to food intake. Postprandial secretion of GLP-1 is triggered by nutrient-sensing via transporters and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GLP-1 secretion may be lower in adults with obesity/ove...

Background Blood biomarker analyses are seen as a great aid to early diagnose and confirm underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Developing evidence suggests that certain confounders need to be considered which may affect the reliability of biomarker results, e.g ., chronic kidney disease. However, little is known with respect to potential...

There is increasing evidence for the role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of socio-affective behavior in animals and clinical conditions. However, whether and how the composition of the gut microbiome may influence social decision-making in health remains unknown. Here, we tested the causal effects of a 7-week synbiotic (versus placebo) die...

Nearly all approaches to personalized nutrition (PN) use information such as the gene variants of individuals to deliver advice that is more beneficial than a generic one-size-fits-all recommendation. Despite great enthusiasm and the increased availability of commercial services, thus far, scientific studies have only revealed small to negligible e...

Introduction: Blood biomarkers accurately identify Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology and axonal injury. We investigated the influence of food intake on AD-related biomarkers in cognitively healthy, obese adults at high metabolic risk. Methods: One-hundred eleven participants underwent repeated blood sampling during 3 h after a standardize...

Individual differences in delay discounting—how much we discount future compared to immediate rewards—are associated with general life outcomes, psychopathology, and obesity. Here, we use machine learning on fMRI activity during an intertemporal choice task to develop a functional brain marker of these individual differences in human adults. Traini...

Whereas most concepts of personalized nutrition (PN) in the past, included genotyping, recent years have brought new approaches that include microbiome analysis to optimize recommendations for diet and lifestyle changes. The new approach, offered by companies, that microbiome analysis provides a real benefit to either more concise recommendations o...

Purpose Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a pathophysiological condition characterized by insulin resistance with known metabolic consequences such as postprandial hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. We hypothesized that fortifying a meal with mushrooms rich in β -glucans may diminish glucose and triglyceride responses by improving postprandi...

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequent among patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Beyond weight reduction, dietary supplements like micronutrients or probiotics that modify insulin resistance and lipotoxicity can be used to prevent or delay the progression of liver disease. Objectives We evaluated the effect of a dietary...

Background: Recent epidemiological studies indicate that the so-called ‘Nordic’ diet (rich in berries, fish and nuts) as well as a vegetarian diet improve serum glucose kinetics and, thus, reduce the risk of diabetes development compared to the ‘Western’ diet. Evidence for these effects from controlled human intervention studies is limited. Methods...

Individual differences in impatience—how much we discount future compared to immediate rewards—are associated with general life outcomes and related to substance use, psychiatric diseases, and obesity. Here, we use machine-learning on fMRI activity during an intertemporal choice task to develop a brain marker of individual differences in delay disc...

Everyday dietary decisions have important short‐term and long‐term consequences for health and well‐being. How do we decide what to eat, and what physiological and neurobiological systems are involved in those decisions? Here, we integrate findings from thus‐far separate literatures: (a) the cognitive neuroscience of dietary decision‐making, and (b...

Individual differences in impatience - how much we discount future compared to immediate rewards - are associated with general life outcomes and related to substance use, psychiatric diseases, and obesity. Here, we use machine-learning on fMRI activity during an intertemporal choice task to develop a brain marker of individual differences in delay...

The gut is inhabited by a densely populated ecosystem, the gut microbiota, that is established at birth. However, the succession by which different bacteria are incorporated into the gut microbiota is still relatively unknown. Here, we analyze the microbiota from 471 Swedish children followed from birth to 5 years of age, collecting samples after 4...

The association of gut microbiota dysbiosis with various human diseases is being substantiated with increasing evidence. Metabolites derived from both, microbiota and the human host play a central role in disease susceptibility and disease progression by extensively modulating host physiology and metabolism. Several of these metabolites have the po...

This practice recommendation is aimed at all people with type 1 diabetes and all professional groups that care for people with type 1 diabetes. The most recent “Evidence-based dietary recommendations for the treatment (and prevention) of diabetes mellitus” are from the year 2005. Since then, the aspect “nutrition and diabetes” has been covered by t...

Diet is one of the pillars in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus. Particularly, eating patterns characterized by a high consumption of foods such as fruits or vegetables and beverages such as coffee and tea could influence the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Flavonoids, whose intake has been inversely associated with...

Bariatric surgery leads to sustained weight loss and the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. Recent studies have suggested that changes in gut microbiota are associated with the weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Several studies have observed major changes in the microbial composition following gastric bypass surgery. However, there...

Scope The aim of this study was to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. Methods In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different iso‐energetic meals: Western diet high‐fat (WDHF), Wester...

The rising prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) over the past decades has been linked to lifestyle changes, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Recent findings point to gut-associated mechanisms in the control of T1D pathogenesis. In nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model of T1D, diabetes development accelerates after deletion of the T...

The rising prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) over the last decades has been linked to lifestyle changes, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Recent findings point to gut-associated mechanisms in the control of T1D pathogenesis. In non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model of T1D, diabetes development accelerates after deletion of the...

Flavan-3-ols are the main contributors to polyphenol intake. Many varying beneficial health effects in humans have been attributed to them, including the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which these flavonoids could exert beneficial functions are not entirely known. Several in vitro studies and in viv...

Background Epidemiological studies have shown that increased circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This may result from altered energy metabolism or dietary habits. Objective We hypothesized that a lower intake of BCAAs improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. Methods...

Abstract Increased levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) associate with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), which could result from dietary habits, gut microbiome composition or direct effects on cellular energy metabolism. We hypothesized that reduced dietary intake of BCAA improves whole body insulin sensitivity and hyperinsulinem...

Objective: Insulinomas are rare pancreatic endocrine tumors characterized by hypoglycemia. Guidelines by the Endocrine Society (ES), the European (ENETS) and the North American (NANETS) Neuroendocrine Tumor Societies provide divergent diagnostic criteria. This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of these different criteria during the 72-h fastin...

Context and Objective Not only type 2, but also type 1 diabetes can associate with insulin resistance, as assessed from insulin-stimulated whole body glucose disposal (M-value). We hypothesized that different factors affect the M-value at the onset of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Design and Patients We examined 132 patients with type 1 or type 2 di...

Background: In subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), higher stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) expression has been related to improved insulin sensitivity in thiazolidinedione-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In animal models, deficiency of the free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) 2 associated with higher and FFAR4-deficiency with lower insulin se...

Studienergebnisse stützen die Hypothese, dass die Darmmikrobiota einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Pathogenese von Typ-2-Diabetes leistet. Da sie beeinflussbar ist, könnten hier auch Präventions- und kausale Therapieansätze warten. Hinweise darauf lieferten unter anderem Studien mit dem oralen Antidiabetikum Metformin.

The association between the amount and sources of fructose intake with insulin sensitivity and liver fat needs further elucidation. This study aimed at examining whether habitual intake of sucrose plus non-sucrose bound as well as of non-sucrose bound fructose (total fructose, fruit-derived, juice-derived, sugar sweetened beverages (SSB)-derived fr...

Circulating BCAA (valine, leucine, isoleucine) are increased in insulin resistant states and predict type 2 diabetes (T2D) suggesting a role of BCAA in the development of insulin resistance. Thus, we hypothesized that a dietary decrease of BCAA improves insulin sensitivity (IS) and oxidative phosphorylation in T2D and increases the levels of the he...