Maribel Fierro

Spanish National Research Council | CSIC · Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales

This article reviews some reports indicating that in some Islamic societies and in cases of mixed marriages (Muslim father and non-Muslim mother) daughters born of such marriages were allowed to follow the mother's religion. This was despite the fact that Islamic law stipulated that all children were Muslim. These reports suggest that some of the w...

Consisting of twelve contributions, this collective book deals with a topic that of late has been the object of sustained attention: the use of al-Andalus to talk about other issues, which vary according to the context in which the talking takes place and those involved. The contributions by two of the editors, Rachel Scott and AbdoolKarim Vakil, w...

There is almost no library holding Arabic manuscripts that does not include copies of some works written by Andalusi scholars, such as al-Shāṭibı̄’s (d. 590/1194) poem on Qur’ānic readings and Ibn Mālik al-Jayyānı̄’s (d. 672/1274) poem on grammar. The popularity of these and other works—related in some cases to their didacticism and in others to th...

Ibn Ṭufayl’s (d. 581/1185) connection with Almohad rulers and involvement in the Almohad doctrinal and intellectual project has been addressed by Nemesio Morata and Lawrence Conrad, among others. Conrad argues that Ibn Ṭufayl belonged to the newly created Almohad elites, the ṭalaba, the empire’s doctrinarians. Morata analyses the famous passage whe...

Son numerosos los datos de que disponemos sobre los clientes (mawālī), tanto directos como indirectos, de ‛Abd al-Raḥmān I. En este artículo se ofrece una sistematización de esos datos, así como su análisis dentro del contexto de la actividad política y militar llevada a cabo por el primer emir omeya de al-Andalus.

The accusation of Jewish ancestry formulated against Ibn Rushd al-Ḥafīd (Averroes) when he was exiled to Lucena is analyzed taking into account similar accusations made against other Andalusis during the Almoravid and Almohad periods, as well as Muslim representations of the Jews in which these were often depicted as agents of foreign heresies. The...

The circulation of books in al-Andalus (= Muslim Iberia) has been mapped in the Historia de los Autores y Transmisores de al-Andalus (HATA), using the data found in literary sources (biographical dictionaries, bibliographical repertoires, chronicles, and other sources), manuscripts, translations, and quotations. There are certain books that can be...

This paper is intended as an epilogue and concludes the papers of this collection by analyzing their content from the specific vantage point of a comparison with parallel developments and phenomena in the Maghrib and particularly in Islamic Spain (al-Andalus). The issues studied in the collection are thus reviewed in a wider geographical and chrono...

The thirteenth-century Poema de Fernán González recounts how the Count Fernán González obtained the independence of Castille thanks to a skilful bargaining for a horse and a falcon with the king of León. It also tells us that the ancestor of the Count was one of the two judges who had ruled Castille during the vacancy of royal power following the d...

The topic of Legitimate and Illegitimate Violence in Islamic Thought (LIVIT) calls for an interdisciplinary, comparative and historical approach. This has been the underlying methodological assumption within the project which bore this name. Amongst the products of that three-year project is a series of collected studies by established and emerging...

Episodes of violence in historical writings may reflect the use of topoi – an area of study that has considerably advanced our understanding of both Islamic historiography and history.1 For example, the attribution of unusually cruel behaviour to a particular ruler – notwithstanding the possibility that such behaviour may have a historical basis –...

While for the sixth/twelfth century onwards there is no lack of data allowing the recovery of the sacred geography of al-Andalus, such data are scarce for the earlier period. This article surveys the available information for Umayyad al-Andalus and how it relates to the different strata of the population, analysing it within the context of the Isla...

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This chapter examines the case of the Nasrids of Granada in late Muslim Spain. In his biographical dictionary al-Ihata fi akhbar Gharnata, the Andalusi scholar Ibn al-Khatib (d. 776/1374) emphasises the genealogical links of Arab families in Granada in his day with those of ancestors dating from the conquest period. At the same time, the dynasty's...

This collection of nine case studies provides an understanding of genealogy in Muslim societies and highlights how ideas about kinship and descent have shaped communal and national identities in such societies. The volume provides a window onto Muslim societies, particularly with regard to the generation, preservation and manipulation of genealogic...

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The twelfth and thirteenth centuries saw a wave of emigration of Andalusi scholars to the Eastern Islamic lands that is usually explained as resulting from the Christian military advance in the Iberian Peninsula and the political turmoil of the times. Both the Almoravids and Almohads – militant movements which had based their legitimacy in the re-a...

http://www.ibntufayl.org/index.php?option=com_glossary&id=118

http://www.ibntufayl.org/index.php?option=com_glossary&id=870

Este texto es una relectura de los orígenes de la familia Banu Qasi, a partir de las conclusiones de la reciente tesis de Jesús Lorenzo Jiménez. De acuerdo con ese trabajo, se descarta la condición de importante personaje aristocrático del epónimo Casio. Se observa además un proceso de formación de una memoria genealógica, vinculada a los Omeyas, q...

Three aspects of the religious policies of the first Umayyad caliph of al-Andalus are analyzed in this article: firstly, the repression against the Batinis within the anti-Ismā'īlī caliphal policy and one of its possible consequences (the scarce number of quṣṣāṣ/i>); secondly, the space allowed to Sunni religious pluralism; thirdly, the extent to w...

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The forced conversion of Jews and Christians stands out among the most puzzling policies implemented at the beginning of the Almohad revolutionary movement. In this article, the reasons behind such decision are reviewed again 1 1My presentation at the Seminar “Inter‐faith Relations in Islam,” organized by Amira Bennison and María Angeles Gallego an...

The crisis of the Islamic world in the fifth/eleventh century, when the lands of the former Arab empire were overrun by barbarians from beyond its borders, Turks in the east, Berbers in the west, was brought about in the central Mediterranean by the invasion of Ifrīqiya by the Arab tribes of the Banū Hilāl and the invasion of Sicily by the Normans....

Ibn Tūmart, the founder of the Almohad movement, aimed at a moral and religious reform. Ibn Tūmart consolidated his hold over the mountains to the south and west of Marrakesh. Having realised that Tinmal was an impregnable site and having to deal also with the Christian advance in al-Andalus, the Almoravids concentrated on building a belt of fortre...

Volume 2 of The New Cambridge History of Islam is devoted to the history of the Western Islamic lands from the political fragmentation of the eleventh century to the beginnings of European colonialism towards the end of the eighteenth century. The volume embraces a vast area from al-Andalus and North Africa to Arabia and the lands of the Ottomans....

When dealing with the prolific intellectual output during the reign of Alfonso X, known to be indebted to Arabic sources, hardly any reference is made to the Almohad context. It is particularly striking that Almohad culture is even ignored when referring to the influence of Averroism. It was in fact the Almohad caliphs who encouraged the developmen...

La primera parte del artículo consiste en la presentación de dos estudios sobre el poder itinerante en el Magreb: Jocelyne Dakhlia (1988) para las épocas hafsí y posteriores; Manuela Marín (2005) sobre el caso almohade. En la segunda parte, primeramente se analiza la convergencia del itinerario de Ibn Tumart con las conquistas de ‘Abd al-Mu’min: el...

Violence as an element of historical relationships between Muslims and between Muslims and non-Muslims has been the object of scholarly work in the past. However, the role of violence in the political economy of Muslim societies, specifically its function as a tool to take possession of the public sphere has only recently begun to receive scholarly...

Estas páginas son una breve síntesis de los diferentes estudios que componen este monográfico sobre los mozárabes. Se plantean las principales aportaciones de cada uno de ellos, que abordan el tema general desde ópticas y métodos distintos, aunque siempre con una perspectiva rigurosa, alejada de los partidismos. Al mismo tiempo se lleva a cabo una...

[Erratum] In the year 2004, the newspapers of Aragón—a Spanish Autonomous Community (Comunidad Autónoma) located south of the Pyrenees and west of Catalonia—as well as some Spanish national media, mentioned the debate then taking place regarding a specific feature of the Aragonese shield, on which the heads of four Moors appear.1 (figure 1) Some ci...

This article explores the origin and diffusion of the legal saying, which stated that God's sanctions were not to be applied in cases where there was room for doubt (idra'ū l-hudūd bi-l-shubuhāt), and how it was transformed into a Prophetic saying that was employed mainly by Hanafis and Mālikīs, and rejected by the Hanbalīs and the Zāhirī Ibn Hazm....

This article is structured in two parts. In the first part, the reading made by F. Codera (and followed by later scholars) of a dinar minted in Ceuta in 543H. is corrected. This correction proves that the dinar is an anti-Almohad coin. In the second part, following the pioneering study by S. Fontenla, the issue of whether Ibn Tūmart minted coins is...

This article is structured in two parts. In the first part, the reading made by F. Codera (and followed by later scholars) of a dinar minted in Ceuta in 543H. is corrected. This correction proves that the dinar is an anti-Almohad coin. In the second part, following the pioneering study by S. Fontenla, the issue of whether Ibn Tumart minted coins is...

Abraham’s sacrifice in Christian Medieval Iberia.The image included here representing the sacrifice of Isaac by his father Abraham belongs to the tympanum of the Church of San Isidoro in Leon. In a pioneering study of this unique iconography in Romanesque art, John Williams pointed out that this Abraham relief is substantially more than a typologic...

Las aleyas coránicas sobre el Paraíso (y en especial Corán, 55: 46-78), así como el Kitāb waṣfal-firdaws de 'Abd al-Malik b. Habīb, nos permiten precisar mejor la interpretación «paradisíaca» de Madīnat al-Zahrā' y dotarla de sentidos concretos, mostrando sus ventajas sobre otras posibles (aunque no desechables). Se explica así no sólo la variedad,...

Qur'ānic verses on Paradise (especially Qur'ān, 55: 46-78), as well as the Kitāb wasf al-firdaws by 'Abd al-Malik b. Habīb, allow us to give specific meanings to the interpretation of Madinat al-Zahrā' as Paradise and to support it over other possible interpretations (although without necessarily eliminating the latter). On this basis, the variety...

Three aspects of the religious policies of the first Umayyad caliph of al-Andalus are analyzed in this article: firstly, the repression against the Batinis within the anti-Ismā'īlī caliphal policy and one of its possible consequences (the scarce number of qussāg); secondly, the space allowed to Sunni religious pluralism; thirdly, the extent to whic...

Los califas almohades afirmaron pertenecer a la tribu arabe de Qays c Aylān por descendencia agnatica. Qays c Aylān no incluye a la tribu de Qurays, con la que los mu'minies afirmaban estar emparentados por linea materna. Segun la doctrina clasica del califato, recogida por ejemplo por Ibn Hazm, los califas deben ser quraysies por linea paterna. E...

The Almohad caliphs claimed that agnatically they belonged to the Arab tribe of Quraysh. Qays cAylān does not include the tribe of Qurayš, with which the Mu'minids claimed to be linked cognatically. According to the classical doctrine of the caliphate, to be found for example in Ibn Hazm, the caliphs should belong to Quraysh through their paternal...

Mahdism is one of the means offered by Islamic tradition to legitimize a ruler. It is of special relevance when the aim is to renovate society and to eliminate old politico-religious elites and create new ones. Mahdism might be seen as the continuation of the model khalifat Allâh, i. e., the ruler as delegate or representative of God on earth, a mo...

Les califes almohades ont domine l'islam occidental et l'Andalousie pendant le 12e siecle et la premiere moitie du 13e siecle. L'A. etudie dans quelle mesure l'ideologie almohade, ou l'alienation spirituelle de la societe non-almohade et l'activisme politique se melangent, a constitue un fait nouveau dans l'islam occidental. Il rend compte de l'uti...

Ossendorf-ConradBeatrix: Das ‘K al-wādiha’ des ‘Abd al-Malik b. Habīb. Edition und Kommentar zu Ms. Qarawiyyīn 809/40 (abwāb al-tahārar). (Beiruter Texte und Studien, Bd 43.) ix, 574 pp. Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1994. DM 196. - Volume 61 Issue 1 - Maribel Fierro

Les manuscrits indiquent que le Rutba et le Ghāya sont des oeuvres qui datent du X e siecle. L'atmosphere intellectuelle d'al-Andalus au X e siecle semble bien plus complexe qu'on a voulu le croire. Il ne s'agit pas d'un espace conservateur et fanatique comme on l'a decrit. Maslama b. Qāsim temoigne du processus de reception en al-Andalus des doctr...

This essay begins by situating Spanish scholarship on Islamic law in the wider context of Arabic and Islamic studies in Spain, stressing two salient characteristics of the latter: its concentration on Andalusī subjects and its relative isolation from the rest of Western scholarship. I then review the production of Spanish scholarship in the field o...

BYZANTIUM AND THE EARLY ISLAMIC CONQUESTS. By WALTER E. KAEGI. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992. xiii, 313pp. 5 maps, 2 pp. of plates. £45.00 (hb).STUDIES IN EARLY MUSLIM JURISPRUDENCE. By NORMAN CALDER. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1993. xiv, 257pp. £35.00.GOLDEN ROADS: MIGRATION, PILGRIMAGE AND TRAVEL IN MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN ISLAM. Edited...

MarínManuela (ed.): Ibn Baškuwāl (m. 578/1183), Kitāb almustagīṯīn bi-llāh (En busca del socorro divino). (Fuentes ArábicoHispanas, 8.) 132, 209 pp. [Arabic text]. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 1991. - Volume 56 Issue 2 - Maribel Fierro

The flourishing of ūfism in al-Andalus during the first half of the sixth/twelfth century with mystics like Ibn al-‘Arīf, Ibn Barrajān (who both died in 536/1141) and Ibn Qasī(d. 546/1151) has been interpreted in different ways. For M. Asín Palacios it reflects the influence of the mystical tradition initiated by Ibn Masarra in the second half of t...

Sabido es que los arabistas F. Codera y su discípulo J. Ribera viéronse obligados por las carencias de la época a dominar la técnica de la tipografía árabe, constituyendo la Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana (BAH) uno de los frutos de ese empeño. Pero además Ribera aplicó a esa técnica el genio de su inventiva, tal y como recordaba M. Asín Palacios en 19...