Marianne Métois

Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 | UCBL · Laboratoire de géologie de Lyon, terre, planètes et environnement

We present a new GPS velocity field covering the peri-Adriatic tectonically active belts and the entire Balkan Peninsula. From the velocities, we calculate consistent strain rate and interpolated velocity fields. Significant features of the crustal deformation include (1) the eastward motion of the northern part of the Eastern Alps together with pa...

The recent expansion of dense GPS networks over plate boundaries allows for remarkably precise mapping of interseismic coupling along active faults. The interseismic coupling coefficient is related to the ratio between slipping velocity on the fault during the interseismic period and the long-term plates velocity, but the interpretation of coupling...

We present GPS, hydrological and GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) observations in Southern Apennines (Italy) pointing to a previously unnoticed response of the solid Earth to hydrological processes. Transient patterns in GPS horizontal time series near to large karst aquifers are controlled by seasonal and interannual phases of groun...

The Patos-Marinza oil field in Central Albania (40.71° N,19.61° E), operated since 1939, is one of the largest onshore fields in Europe. More than 7 millions oil barrels are extracted per year from the Messinian sandstone formations of the Durres Basin in the Albanian Peri-Adriatic Depression by the Bankers company operating the field since 2004. I...

Seismic hazard assessment in active fault zones can benefit of strain rate measurements derived from geodetic data. Producing a continuous strain rate map from discrete data is an inverse problem traditionally tackled with standard interpolation schemes. Most algorithms require user‐defined regression parameters that determine the smoothness of the...

The CentipedeRTK network is a collaborative Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network launched in 2019, consisting mainly of low-cost GNSS receivers and antennas. This network enables free Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning with centimeter accuracy for all users. The raw GNSS measurements from the CentipedeRTK network are routinely archi...

Plain Language Summary The magnitude 6.4 Petrinja earthquake that stroke Croatia on 29 December 2020, is one of the largest earthquakes registered for decades in continental Europe. Large damage and surface ruptures were observed, suggesting that the earthquake occurred at a very shallow depth. The slip pattern for such moderate magnitude earthquak...

On 29 December 2020, a shallow earthquake of magnitude Mw 6.4 struck northern Croatia, near the town of Petrinja, more than 24 hours after a strong foreshock (Ml 5). We formed a reconnaissance team of European geologists and engineers, from Croatia, Slovenia, France, Italy and Greece, rapidly deployed in the field to map the evidence of coseismic e...

We present the content and scripting of an active tectonic lab session conceived for third-year undergraduate students studying Earth sciences at Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers in Lyon. This session is based on a research project conducted on the submarine Roseau active fault in the Lesser Antilles. The fault morphology is particularly inte...

The 2019, Mw4.9 Le Teil earthquake occurred in south-eastern France, causing substantial damage in this slow deforming region. Field observations, remote sensing and seismological studies following the event revealed that coseismic slip concentrates at shallow depth along a ∼5 km long rupture associated with surface breaks and a thrusting mechanism...

The M=8.1, April 1st, 2014 Iquique earthquake, which broke part of the northern Chile seismic gap, was preceded by a strong foreshock sequence starting early January 2014. The reported analysis of the continuous records of the nearby GPS stations from the IPOC North Chili array lead to contradictory results concerning the existence and location of...

We present the content and scripting of an active tectonic lab-session conceived for third year undergraduate students studying Earth Sciences at Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers of Lyon. This session is based on a research project conducted on the submarine Roseau active fault in Lesser Antilles. The fault morphology is particularly interest...

Geodetic benchmark displacement measurements following the 2020 Petrinjaearthquakein Croatia.

On November 11, 2019, a Mw 4.9 earthquake hit the region close to Montelimar (lower Rhône Valley, France), on the eastern margin of the Massif Central close to the external part of the Alps. Occuring in a moderate seismicity area, this earthquake is remarkable for its very shallow focal depth (between 1 and 3 km), its magnitude, and the moderate to...

On November 11, 2019, a Mw 4.9 earthquake hit the region close to Montelimar (lower Rhône Valley, France), on the eastern margin of the Massif Central close to the external part of the Alps. Occuring in a moderate seismicity area, this earthquake is remarkable for its very shallow focal depth (between 1 and 3 km), its magnitude, and the moderate to...

The western limb of the Hellenic Arc defines the boundary of a large intracontinental active extensional domain covering the Aegean and the southwestern part of the Balkan peninsula. Along this boundary a transition from collision in the north to subduction in the south is associated with post-Miocene clockwise rotations of ∼50∘. We present a new G...

The Patos-Marinza oil field in central Albania (40.71∘ N, 19.61∘ E), operated since 1939, is one of the largest onshore oil fields in Europe. More than 7 million oil barrels are extracted every year from the Messinian sandstone formations of the Durres Basin in the Albanian Peri-Adriatic Depression by the Bankers Petroleum Ltd. (hereafter Bankers),...

In a recent study, Panda et al. claim that seasonal strain across the Himalaya indicates seasonal slow slip on the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) fault driven by hydrological loading related to the monsoon and driving seasonal variations of seismicity. While we find the analysis interesting, we spell out some reasons why the claim should be considered...

Surface roughness can be defined as the mean slope angle integrated over all scales from the grain size to the local topography. It controls the energy balance of bare soils, in particular the angular distribution of scattered and emitted radiation. This provides clues to understand the intimate structure and evolution of planetary surfaces over ag...

GPS surveys have been extensively used over the past 20 yr to quantify crustal deformation associated with the Andean subduction zone in Chile. Such measurements revealed the coupling variations associated with the seismic segmentation of the subduction. However, because of data gaps mostly due to access difficulties, the Atacama-Antofagasta region...

The left-lateral strike-slip Xianshuihe fault system located in the eastern Tibetan Plateau is considered as one of the most tectonically active intra-continental fault system in China, along which more than 20 M > 6.5 and more than 10 M > 7 earthquakes occurred since 1700. Therefore, studying its activity, especially its slip rate at different tim...

The left-lateral strike-slip Xianshuihe fault system (XFS) located in eastern Tibet is one of the most tectonically active intra-continental fault system in China, if not in the world, along which more than 20 M>6.5 earthquakes occurred since 1700, including the 2010 Mw6.9 Yushu earthquake. It is therefore essential to precisely determine its slip-...

The 2005 Mw 7.8 Tarapaca earthquake was the result of normal faulting on a west-dipping plane at a depth of ~ 90 km within the subducting slab down-dip of the North Chilean gap that partially ruptured in the 2014 M 8.2 Iquique earthquake. We use Envisat observations of nearly four years of postseismic deformation following the earthquake, together...

The recent expansion of dense GPS networks over plate boundaries allows for remarkably precise mapping of interseismic coupling along active faults. The interseismic coupling coefficient is related to the ratio between slipping velocity on the fault during the interseismic period and the long-term plates velocity, but the interpretation of coupling...

The September 16, 2015 Mw8.3 Illapel Earthquake occurred on a locked segment of the South American subduction in Chile. This segment ruptured during comparable size earthquakes in the past, in 1880 and 1943, suggesting a somehow regular pattern of characteristic Mw8+ earthquakes occurring every 60 to 80 yr. This recurrence is in agreement with the...

We present a full 3-D velocity field of the Earth’s surface in the Euro-Mediterranean area obtained from a combination of three different velocity solutions computed at the Centro Nazionale Terremoti (CNT) of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). All the publicly available GPS data since 1993, have been fully reprocessed by thr...

On 16 September 2015, the M w 8.3 Illapel, Chile, earthquake broke a large area of the Coquimbo region of north-central Chile. This area was well surveyed by more than 15 high-rate Global Positioning System ( GPS ) instruments, installed starting in 2004, and by the new national seismological network deployed in Chile. Previous studies had shown th...

The Litang fault system (LTFS) in the eastern Tibetan Plateau has generated several large (7.5 > M > 7) historical earthquakes and has exhumed granitic peaks rising > 1700 m above the mean elevation of the plateau, despite being located within a tectonic block surrounded by highly active faults. We study horizontally offset moraine crests from the...

Wide-swath imaging has become a standard acquisition mode for radar missions aiming at applying SAR interferometry at global scale with enhanced revisit frequency. Increased swath width, compared to classical Stripmap imaging mode, is achieved at the expense of azimuthal resolution. This makes along-track displacements, and subsequently north-south...

The recent expansion of dense GPS networks over plate boundaries allows for remarkably precise mapping of interseismic coupling along active faults. The interseismic coupling coefficient is related to the ratio between slipping velocity on the fault during the interseismic period and the long-term plates velocity, but the interpretation of coupling...

Temporal variations of hydrological conditions exert direct influence over the deformation of the shallow crust. In the last years, geodetic measurements have shown that annual variations in total groundwater content induce time-varying deformation of the crust that are mostly reflected in the vertical component and that are frequently reproduced b...

n this work we use GPS data to study the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation related to the MW 6.3 normal faulting earthquake that struck the city of L'Aquila (Central Apennines, Italy) on April 6, 2009. Only a limited number of normal-faulting earthquakes have geodetic measurements of viscoelastic relaxation and there is limited knowledge of the v...

En 2013, le jury du Prix du Monde de la recherche universitaire en sciences de la matière, de l’univers et de la vie a distingué 5 lauréats choisis, outre la qualité de leur thèse et son originalité, pour les qualités de communication dont ils ont fait preuve, de même que pour l’intérêt que ces thèses peuvent avoir pour le grand public. Les thèmes...

The subduction zone in northern Chile is a well-identified seismic gap that last ruptured in 1877. The moment magnitude (Mw) 8.1 Iquique earthquake of 1 April 2014 broke a highly coupled portion of this gap. To understand the seismicity preceding this event, we studied the location and mechanisms of the foreshocks and computed Global Positioning Sy...

The Atacama region (between 29◦S and 25◦S) is located in the North-Central area of Chile, a tectonically complex transition area between North and CentralChile. Deformation in Atacama is due mainly to elastic loading on the subduction interface but also to diffuse shortening in the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina. The seismicity of the subduction is c...

No major earthquake occurred in North Chile since the 1877 Mw 8.6 subduction earthquake that produced a huge tsunami. However, geodetic measurements conducted over the last decade in this area show that the upper plate is actually deforming, which reveals some degree of locking on the subduction interface. This accumulation of elastic deformation i...

The Chilean subduction zone is one of the most active in the world. The Nazca plate subducts under the South America plate with a velocity around 7 cm/year. Along-strike and along-dip variations of interseismic coupling suggest that the subduction interface is divided into segments. Rupture of one or several consecutive segments may produce earthqu...

1] Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements carried out in Chile over the last two decades showed that an entire portion of the Nazca-South America subduction zone (38°S À 24°S) was locked over this period of time. The induced accumulation of elastic deformation in the upper-plate was not released until the recent Maule earthquake of 27 Februar...

Large earthquakes produce crustal deformation that can be quantified by geodetic measurements, allowing for the determination of the slip distribution on the fault. We used data from Global Positioning System (GPS) networks in Central Chile to infer the static deformation and the kinematics of the 2010 moment magnitude (M(w)) 8.8 Maule megathrust e...

Part of the Nazca-South America convergence rate (68 mm/yr) is taken up by permanent strain contributing to the building of the Andes, but most of it generates elastic deformation recovered during the seismic cycle with an average of one M˜ 8 event every ten years and at least one M> 8.7 per century along the Chilean subduction zone. Surface deform...

It has been known for 10 years that the site of the Maule mega-earthquake of 27 February 2010 was fully locked and ready to break.

Detailed information on lateral variations in lithospheric properties can aid in understanding how surface deformation relates to deep Earth processes. The effective elastic thickness, Te, of the lithosphere is a proxy for lithospheric strength. Here, we present a new Te map of the African lithosphere estimated from coherence analysis of topography...

Detailed images of lithospheric structure can help understand how surface deformation is related to Earth's deep structure. A proxy for lithospheric structure is its effective elastic thickness, Te, which mainly depends on its thermal state and composition. We present a new effective elastic thickness, Te, map of the African lithosphere estimated u...