
María Aurora Veloz Rodríguez- PhD
- Professor Researcher at Autonomous University of Hidalgo State
María Aurora Veloz Rodríguez
- PhD
- Professor Researcher at Autonomous University of Hidalgo State
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Introduction
I am Professor at the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo since 2004 and I have had several responsibilities such as Coordinator of an educational program, Director of Laboratories and Coordinator of Research, Development and Innovation of the University. I coorganized some congresses of electrochemistry associations of which I am a member (Mexican Society of Electrochemistry, Ibero-American Society of Electrochemistry and International Society of Electrochemistry).
Current institution
Additional affiliations
February 1998 - May 1999
May 1994 - February 1995
Education
August 1987 - August 1992
Publications
Publications (95)
The study of a macromolecule derived from DPP and triphenylamine, (DPP-BisTPA) by computational chemistry, its synthesis by direct arylation, optical characterization (UV-Vis and fluorescence) and electrochemistry (cyclic voltammetry), as well as its evaluation as a generator of reactive oxygen species indirectly, through the degradation of uric ac...
Three chitosan-derived compounds, Ch-I, Ch-Qn, and Ch-TPA, were synthesized through condensation reactions between high-molecular weight chitosan and three different aldehydes. Mechanosynthesis, a fast and solvent-free synthesis method, was used instead of a depolymerization. The chemical structure of the compounds was elucidated by Fourier-Transfo...
This study shows the inhibitory activity of the hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of Brugmansia arborea (B. arborea) during the corrosion of 1018 steel in 0.5 M of H2SO4. This was carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves (PDP) techniques. The maximum efficiency for the three extracts wa...
In this work, the corrosion behavior of SAE 1018 carbon steel in buffered acetic acid (HAc) solutions containing chlorides, with and without H2S, was studied. Polarization curves obtained by different electrochemical techniques, indicate negligible modification of anodic slopes when adding H2S; however, the cathodic branch is more sensitive showing...
En este trabajo se reporta la extracción de ácido carmínico a partir de Dactylopius coccus tras una molienda preliminar, seguida de la obtención de un derivado mediante electropolimerización. El proceso fue monitoreado mediante espectroscopía UV-Vis. Los resultados indican que el producto obtenido presenta un bandgap de 1.6 eV, menor que el del áci...
The present study is centered on the biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose produced from kombucha inoculum, hereafter referred to as kombucha-derived bacterial cellulose (KBC). For KBC production, Green tea culture media was utilized. Acetobacter xylinum cultures were obtained from organic apple vinegar and unpasteurized commercial kombucha. The resu...
Una parte importante para la aplicación de procesos electroquímicos en metales, es una adecuada preparación de la superficie; esto es crucial para obtener resultados precisos y confiables. Es por ello que se utilizan diversos métodos de preparación superficial, entreo los cuales el pulido mecánico se presenta como una alternativa segura y de bajo c...
This study provides an in-depth analysis of the electrochemical industry in Mexico by examining the geographic distribution of the companies, the economic sectors they belong to, the products they manufacture, and the electrochemical processes they utilize. The data were collected from 805 Mexican manufacturing companies in the electrochemical indu...
A π-conjugated polymer (PBQT) containing bis-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-benzo [1,2-b’] bithiophene (BDT) units alternated with a quinoline-vinylene trimer was obtained by the Stille reaction. The chemical structure of the polymer was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF). The i...
Se reporta la determinación de los orbitales frontera (HOMO y LUMO) de un par de compuestos organometálicos (PdCl2L y PdBr2L). Este tipo de compuestos han cobrado gran interés por sus prometedores propiedades y aplicación en optoelectrónica, ya que combinan las ventajas de los materiales orgánicos e inorgánicos, su potencial uso está determinado en...
En este trabajo se describe la relevancia de la conversión de señales eléctricas discretas a señales en el dominio del tiempo, en otras palabras, la conversión digital analógica. Para ello existe el convertidor digital a analógico (CDA), el cual permite la utilización de señales en modo de corriente o voltaje variantes en el tiempo, las cuales se u...
For decades, jarosites have been precipitated by controlling Fe in hydrometallurgical circuits. In addition, their synthesis, characterization, precious metals incorporation, decomposition and leaching have led to important results in this field. Nowadays, new topics related to the synthesis of these compounds have directed studies for applications...
The present work is related to the treatment of crushed waste of printed circuit boards (WPCBs) from electrical and electronic devices (WEEE), carrying out the recovery of copper in solution. In the first stage, the studied material was characterized by AAS, SEM-EDS, and XRD. The results revealed significantly high amounts of copper (744.42 mg/g),...
A new material obtained from the functionalization of the carminic acid molecule (MCA) with attractive optical and electrochemical properties is reported. The material was obtained by methylation of carminic acid (CA) previously extracted from Dactylopius coccus.MCA was chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),...
La necesidad del aprovechamiento óptimo de los recursos ha incrementado el interés de estudiar otras fuentes de fibras celulósicas para emplear en una gran variedad de aplicaciones. Este artículo se enfoca en la extracción de celulosa de hoja de maíz (Zea mays) mediante dos procedimientos experimentales: ácido y etanosolv. La caracterización se rea...
In this work is report the synthesis by mechanochemical method of a small molecule of the oligophenylene (bisquinoline) design (OBM), excellent optical and electrical properties, and potential use as an electroluminescent material in the form of a nano-film in the manufacture of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). OBM was synthesized by a Knoev...
In this work, the cell potential during an electrochemical reaction in a separate compartment with anionic-membrane designed for electro-leaching of electronic-waste (E-waste) was studied. For such an approach, in the anode-side the electro-leaching of metals and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were monitored using a titanium plate in a HNO3 so...
El objetivo de este trabajo es proporcionar a los estudiantes de electrónica, computación y áreas afines, un panorama de la construcción y funcionamiento de los transistores de efecto de campo de aleta (FinFET), los cuales son dispositivos extremadamente diminutos, con longitud de compuerta en el rango de los nanómetros, se fabrican con la técnica...
Se expone la diálisis como un método de purificación de coloides, teniendo una aplicación especial en el tratamiento de pacientes con insuficiencia renal. Se presentan algunos antecedentes, referencias geográficas en México, y el proceso para llevar a cabo esta técnica de superficie, una muestra del equipo de purificación constituido, así como los...
A quadrupolar D-π-A-π-D oligophenyleneimine with indole moiety as terminal group (OIC-I) obtained by a green method of mechanosynthesis was obtained. The molecular structure of OIC-I was elucidated by FTIR and H1 NMR spectroscopies. DFT and TDDFT studies show possible intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) processes and a hyperpolarizability value th...
In this work a Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) was prepared using a solvothermal method, taking as precursors 1. 2-di-(4-pyridyl)-ethylene, 1.2.4.5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and Co(No3)2-6H2O. This MOF was called UV-11 and was evaluated using microscopic, spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. According to the obtained results, the melting p...
A ferrocenyl chalcone (OFcPV) with attractive optical and magnetic properties for its potential application in optoelectronic devices, excellent processability in solution, and thermal stability is reported. It was derived from the synthesis of ferrocenyl chalcone with different degrees of conjugation and the preliminary selection of the most attra...
In this work an electrochemical evaluation is made by varying the pH of a new electrode modified with MOF-199, by means of cyclic voltamperometries, which presents electrochemical responses in two oxygen media and without this gas, depending on the conditions were determined the existence of two different transfers of electrons which can be attribu...
the process through which Plasmodium is released from the heme group in the food vacuole during hemoglobin degradation, will allow the development of more effective drugs against malaria. Therefore, the development of methodologies to obtain Hz synthetically will facilitate an in vitro evaluation of new anti-malarial drugs. Methods: We present a me...
In this work, two oligophenyleneimines type pentamers with terminal aldehydes, designated as DAFCHO (4,4′-((((((2,5-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(azanyl ylidene))bis(9H-fluorene-7,2-diyl))bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2,5-bis(octyloxy) benzaldehyde)) and FDACHO (4,4′-((((((2,5-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(met...
This work studied the surface characterisation and the electrochemical evaluation of titanium (Ti) and anodised titanium (A-Ti) electrodes modified with a bacterial biofilm of a novel consortium composed of Enterobacter cloacae complex, Enterococcus gallinarum, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium-the biological support...
Green corrosion inhibition on AISI 1018 carbon steel immersed in 0.5M H2SO4 by
Crataegus mexicana is develop using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS),
Potentiodynamic Polarization Curves (PPC) and weight loss method. The metal surface morphology was analysed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). And the chemical characterization of eco-f...
An electrochemical study was conducted to evaluate the behaviour of modified electrodes of the DSA type (dimensionally stable anodes) with the purpose of determining its viability to produce hydrogen (H2(g)) through the catalytic electrolysis of water. The DSA electrodes were manufactured with a sheet of A304 stainless steel or Ti as the substrate,...
A study to determine the mechanisms of electrochemical purification and the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment to remove impurities of Fe and Ti oxides was presented with the intention of optimizing the purification process of kaolinitic clays and increasing their use in different industrial applications. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry st...
Stainless steel is one of the most important materials, because its composition provides it corrosion resistance property, so this material it is known like a multipropose material. That is why A304 stainless steel is the most useful steel in chemical industry. At present, few authors have been interested in the study of corrosion with purpose of u...
This work presents a study to obtain α-Al2O3 from thermal treatment of the precursor α-Al(OH)3 (bayerite). The precursor was prepared from a cathodic electrosynthesis employing direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) electrochemical techniques and using an aluminium solution prepared with scrap aluminium cans. Characterization techniques i...
En la materia de fisicoquímica de superficies los fenómenos de adsorción (fisisorción y quimisorción) son de gran utilidad en la caracterización de superficies, algunos ejemplos de ello son: la determinación del área superficial usando el método BET, determinación de sitios ácidos o básicos usando la técnica de desorción a temperatura programada o...
En el programa de la asignatura de Física y Química de superficies se contemplan los fenómenos electrocinéticos, donde figura la electroforesis; la cual es una técnica útil para caracterizar cambios atribuidos a la transformación de biomoléculas como es el caso de las proteínas. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se evaluó la modificación del perfil...
En gran parte de las empresas de galvanoplastia debido a la demanda y el tiempo de los procesos, es muy complicado realizar un estudio a nivel piloto para controlar las variables que determinan la cantidad y calidad de los depósitos. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo se presenta un estudio para determinar las condiciones de corriente y potencial, así c...
La alúmina (Al2O3) u óxido de aluminio es considerada una cerámica avanzada termodinámicamente estable, presenta una alta dureza, resistencia al desgaste y tiene una elevada estabilidad a altas temperaturas. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio electroquímico a partir de las técnicas de voltamperometría cíclica, cronoamperometría y espectroscopia...
In this work, selective electrochemical leaching of compact anodes, made from electronic waste (e-waste) powder containing metals such as silver (Ag), gold (Au) and platinum (Pt), was studied in presence of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), Tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn), as well as metal selective deposition from solutions generated during electrochemical leachin...
Las técnicas electroquímicas como la voltamperometría y el uso de los electrodos de pasta de carbono (EPC) constituyen una herramienta útil para obtener resultados de caracterización reproducibles. En este estudio, se evalúa la actividad catalítica de nanotubos de carbono dopados con Ag y B (NTC/Ph3P+Ag & NTC/Ph3P+B) para la generación de hidrogeno...
En el presente trabajo de investigación se realizó la caracterización de desechos electrónicos (e-waste) provenientes del sector industrial mediante distribución granulométrica, microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB-EDS) y espectroscopía de emisión de plasma acoplado por inducción (ICP). El análisis granulométrico se realizó utilizando tamices de...
El iridio es considerado un material de interés desde el punto de vista tecnológico e industrial, debido a sus propiedades físicas, químicas y electrocatalíticas[1-3]. Dado que las fuentes naturales para su obtención son limitadas y la demanda de iridio en la industria seguirá creciendo, es necesario su recuperación a partir de materiales postconsu...
El tratamiento de residuos líquidos del revelado de radiografías es un punto de interés para la ingeniería electroquímica, ya que es posible la recuperación de plata metálica de estos desechos. La mayor parte de la tecnología de recuperación que existe en la actualidad está diseñada para operar a nivel industrial, siendo inaccesible para pequeños u...
En este trabajo, se abordará la problemática industrial de la disminución ó eliminación del Fe que se encuentra en las arcillas, mediante estudios del efecto del uso del ultrasonido para facilitar la disponibilidad de Fe durante la purificación electroquímica de 2 tipos de arcillas del estado de Hidalgo, México. Las 2 arcillas en estudio fueron car...
Se categoriza con el nombre de E-waste a todos los productos eléctricos y electrónicos que constituyen un desecho, al haber llegado al final de su vida útil. La fracción metálica de estos residuos representa una gran alternativa para la recuperación de metales valiosos entre los que se encuentran Cu, Ni y Sn. Las propiedades de los metales antes me...
El lactosuero es generado durante la fabricación de quesos como la fase en la que se encuentran las proteínas de la leche que no precipitaron. Es altamente contaminante debido a su elevada carga orgánica que provoca elevados valores de demanda química de oxígeno en mantos acuíferos. En México, el vertido de lactosueros en dichos mantos es un consta...
La alfa-alúmina es un óxido de aluminio (a-Al203) y es una cerámica avanzada termodinámicamente estable con altos valores de dureza, resistencia al desgaste y tiene una elevada estabilidad a altas temperaturas. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio electroquímico preliminar para la obtención de α-alúmina utilizando diferentes materiales como elect...
The separation of iron from kaolin clay solutions using electro deposition was studied. Electrochemical studies of the iron electro-deposition were performed using the techniques of cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry on a silver rotating disk electrode (RDE) as a working electrode. The effect of the kaolin solution pretre...
Recuperación de metales nobles a partir de residuos electrónicos empleando técnicas electroquimicas
En el presente trabajo se muestra el análisis realizado para establecer la viabilidad de escalamiento de la tecnología para recuperación de manganeso electrolítico. La cual fue desarrollada en el laboratorio de procesos electroquímicos en colaboración con una empresa minera, para lograr un incremento en el valor agregado de su producto actual (Sulf...
Análisis electroquímico de la modificación de electrodos de grafito usando enterobacterias
Electronic waste (e-w aste), have a high potential as a source of pre cious metals, since they can contain metals like silver, gold, platinum, copper, zinc, nickel, tin and others. In this paper some e-waste were characterized using several analytical techniques as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled...
In this work the evaluation of a filter press type Reactor (REOV-01) with Ti electrode was realized, applied in the silver recovery from industrial wastes. Macroelectrólisis studies were performed at different flow velocities with empirical and dimensionless correlations and parameters. The results of the variation of the concentration of Ag at dif...
In this work the evaluation of a filter press type Reactor (REOV-01) with Ti electrode was realized, applied in the silver recovery from industrial wastes. Macroelectrólisis studies were performed at different flow velocities with empirical and dimensionless correlations and parameters. The results of the variation of the concentration of Ag at dif...
Iridium is considered a valuable material due to its physical, chemical and electrocatalytic properties [1-3]. Iridium recovery from post-consumed industrial materials and effluents [4, 5] is necessary, since the natural resources for its production are limited and its demand in the industry will continue growing. This paper presents the electroche...
Schiff bases, decomposition, Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Aeromonas caviae, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes
Due that the use of common corrosion inhibitor agents usually causes pollution on effluents,
because of their non-biodegradability character, in this work we synthesized
two chiral compounds of Shiff type base S(–) and R(+). Hereafter labelled as Simina,
Rimina, SiminaM and RiminaM, derived from the condensation reaction between the
2-pyridincarbox...
La lixiviación metálica mediante un proceso de electrólisis, se manifiesta cuando en una reacción química se genera una corriente eléctrica o se establece un voltaje en sentido anódico, que estimule dicha reacción. El medio electrolítico, juega un papel importante desde el punto de vista industrial y ambiental. Es por ello que se busca el uso de el...
El iridio lixiviado proveniente de los materiales postconsumidos utilizados en la industria cerámica presenta alto valor económico y tecnológico. Es necesario para su fácil disponibilidad recuperarlo en forma metálica. La electrodeposición es un método que se ha mostrado como una alternativa viable para obtener de manera selectiva iridio sobre supe...
Dentro de la asignatura de Física y Química de superficies, se abordan los fenómenos que tienen lugar en una interfase. Uno de estos fenómenos; la “Tensión superficial”, es muy importante para los procesos que se llevan a cabo en ambientes líquidos. La presente práctica experimental demuestra de manera sencilla los efectos que produce la modificaci...
Due that the use of common corrosion inhibitor agents usually causes pollution on effluents, because of their non-biodegradability character, in this work we synthesized two chiral compounds of Shiff type base S(-) and Hereafter labelled as Simina, Rimina, SiminaM and RiminaM, derived from the condensation reaction between the 2-pyridincarboxaldehy...
In this work the study of the behavior electrochemical of system continuous flow rate over a system of carbon steel immersed in a synthetic corrosive medium (brine type born 1D196), in the absence and presence of hydrocarbon. Electrochemical techniques used were curves of polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the polarization...
A thermodynamic study (Pourbaix type diagrams, using the software Hydra/Medusa) of acid leaching solutions to obtain the electrochemical recovery of Ni, Cu and Zn present in printed circuit boards is reported. Solutions were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy at room temperature. The metals were leached in a 0.9237 M H2SO4 solution (pH...
In this work, the dissolution of iridium was studied through a thermodynamic theoretic study with different concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Iridium (Ir). Three different acid conditions and three different concentrations of iridium were analyzed: 1, 0.1 and 0.01 M HCl and 0.86, 0.021 and 0.002 M of iridium. The system 1 M HCl was the...
In this work, we report the conventional and mechanochemical synthesis of the a-diimine derivate of 2, 3-butanedione and the primary amine 2-aminoethanethiol designated DD-DC and DD-DC/MS respectively. The products were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR, MS-EI and elemental analysis. The products were also electrochemically evaluated by potent...
The electrochemical behaviour of a pyridinic compound, as corrosion inhibitor, on a system of AISI 1018 carbon steel in a synthetic corrosive medium (brine type NACE 1D196), in the absence and presence of hydrocarbon (kerosene), was investigated in this work. Electrochemical techniques used were polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spe...
Clays, are usually accompanied by other minerals as impurities such as quartz, anatase and especially iron as hydrated oxides or as intercrystalline replacement element. The presence of this iron affects clays in some industrial applications such as in production of ceramics, paper, refractories, etc. Then, its removal is necessary and beneficial....
An electrochemical study of Co electrodeposition onto polycrystalline Pt from an aqueous solution containing 10-2 M CoCl2 + 1 M NH4CI (pH = 9.3) was conducted at overpotential conditions. The current density transients showed two maxima that corresponded to two nucleation and growth processes. The entire transient behavior was adequately predicted...
The analysis of electrochemical behaviour of carbon steel immersed in a sour water of the petroleum industry, varying the pH, was studied. Different techniques used show the presence of three important corrosion stages: adsorption, species diffusion and localised corrosion. MEB analysis showed the presence of corrosion products only at pH 8.5, whil...
The analysis of electrochemical behaviour of carbon steel immersed in a sour water of the petroleum industry, varying the pH, was studied. Different techniques used show the presence of three important corrosion stages: adsorption, species diffusion and localised corrosion. MEB analysis showed the presence of corrosion products only at pH 8.5, whil...
Electrochemical studies were performed to recover silver from radiographic films on A304 stainless steel (A304 SS) and titanium (Ti) flat electrodes using a filter press-type electrochemical reactor (known as ER01-FP), as counter electrode was used a mesh-type DSA. Voltammetric studies were employed to find the current range under which silver redu...
We report an evaluation of the reactivity of hemozoin (HZ) and β-hemozoin (β-HZ) obtained from the Triatoma Meccus longipennis, alone and in combination with quinine and amodiaquine. Using cyclic voltammetry and carbon paste electrodes, the redox processes that these compounds undergo were analysed. The results indicated that the atom Fe presence,...
In this work the study of electrochemical behaviour of organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors is being done over a carbon steel AISI 1018 immersed in a corrosive synthetic environment (brine type NACE 1D196), in the absence and presence of hydrocarbon. The techniques used were the electrochemical Polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance...
In this work the reason of the cracks found in SAE
1018 carbon steel pipelines used for potable water
supply is determined. In order to accomplish it, some
techniques of microanalysis using X-rays (SEM:
Scanning Electron Microscope) over some samples of
faulty and normal pipes as well as the digital image
processing of its microphotographs captured...
In this work, the corrosion behavior of carbon steel AISI 1018 immersed in a sour water sample solution collected from a refinery plant, was studied, varying the temperature between 25 to 50°C with and without stirring. Polarization curves indicate negligible modification of anodic branch without stirring; but, the cathodic branch is more sensitive...
In this work the study of the behaviour AISI 1018 in a buffered solution like NACETM177 with and without hydrocarbon. Polarisation curves indicated slopes changing with the hydrocarbon presence enhancing the reduction reaction and inhibiting oxidation. EIS technique shows high activity of steel in the solution at low frequencies, establishing that...
In the transition from small molecules to solids, atomic clusters are studied widely not only because they can own unique properties due to the nanosized effect but also because they represent an intermediate stage. A systematic study on the structures and properties of clusters as a function of size could give information on the transition from cl...
Comparative voltammetric studies were performed between high purity pyrite mineral (98.86%) and arsenopyrite mineral (content of 85.96% arsenopyrite, FeAsS; 11.84% pyrite, FeS2; 0.98% galena, PbS; 0.06% chalcopyrite, CuFeS2) in order to analyze the galvanic effect on the electrochemical reactivity of two different mineralogical phases when these ar...
En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación electroquímica de un sistema de acero al carbono SAE 1018, sumergido en una muestra de agua amarga colectada en la industria del petróleo, variando la temperatura, entre 25 y 50ºC, sin agitación. La evaluación se realizó utilizando técnicas de ruido electroquímico, impedancia,...
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An efficient and fast procedure for the synthesis of 2‐(2‐pyridyl)azoles is described using ionic liquids as catalysts under microwave irradiation. The X‐ray crystallographic analyses for three of the four synthesized compounds are presented. Potentiodynamic polarization studies were carried out to analyze the electrochemical behavi...
The galvanic effect between the main associated mineralogical phases in a mineral sphalerite concentrate was evaluated using an alternative methodology. Comparative voltammetric studies were performed between high purity galena mineral (94.65%) and sphalerite concentrate (content of 78.11% sphalerite, ZnS; 13.64% galena, PbS; 0.57% chalcopyrite, Cu...
An electrochemical study of corrosion behavior for carbon steel in a solution like NACE TM0177 after adding pyridine derivatives is presented. Weight-loss measurements, as the modification of corrosion potentials toward less negative potentials (in linear polarization) in the presence of pyridine compounds, indicated the inhibition of the corrosion...
Description
Presents a state-of-the-art review on electrochemical noise as it is applied to corrosion today. Many diverse industrial applications for electrochemical noise measurement (ENM) are presented along with the latest laboratory methods of analysis techniques. Strategies to monitor and control corrosion in heat exchangers, pipelines,storage...
This work presents results obtained using linear polarization resistance and electrochemical potential noise on rust conversion layers (RCL) formed on prerusted steels in H3PO4 solutions and under addition of Al(OH)3. Specimens were immersed in Na2SO4 0.1M solution only for measurements on a monthly basis in order to follow the rust conversion prot...
Electrochemical Measurements of Pre-Rusted Steels Pretreated in H3PO4 Solutions
RESUMEN La plata ha ubicado a México en el mundo como uno de sus principales productores. Sin embargo, esto puede cambiar, debido al latente agotamiento de sus yacimientos; por lo que el país debe buscar nuevas fuentes de obtención de este metal como por ejemplo los productos postconsumidos como son las placas radiográficas, donde una vez utilizada...